Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukusenga
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukusenga
|
ukungasengi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
object concord
|
Singular
|
senga
|
-senge
|
Plural
|
sengani
|
-sengeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyasenga, ngisenga
|
engisengayo, engisenga
|
ngisenga
|
angisengi
|
engingasengi
|
ngingasengi
|
2nd singular
|
uyasenga, usenga
|
osengayo, osenga
|
usenga
|
awusengi
|
ongasengi
|
ungasengi
|
1st plural
|
siyasenga, sisenga
|
esisengayo, esisenga
|
sisenga
|
asisengi
|
esingasengi
|
singasengi
|
2nd plural
|
niyasenga, nisenga
|
enisengayo, enisenga
|
nisenga
|
anisengi
|
eningasengi
|
ningasengi
|
Class 1
|
uyasenga, usenga
|
osengayo, osenga
|
esenga
|
akasengi
|
ongasengi
|
engasengi
|
Class 2
|
bayasenga, basenga
|
abasengayo, abasenga
|
besenga
|
abasengi
|
abangasengi
|
bengasengi
|
Class 3
|
uyasenga, usenga
|
osengayo, osenga
|
usenga
|
awusengi
|
ongasengi
|
ungasengi
|
Class 4
|
iyasenga, isenga
|
esengayo, esenga
|
isenga
|
ayisengi
|
engasengi
|
ingasengi
|
Class 5
|
liyasenga, lisenga
|
elisengayo, elisenga
|
lisenga
|
alisengi
|
elingasengi
|
lingasengi
|
Class 6
|
ayasenga, asenga
|
asengayo, asenga
|
esenga
|
awasengi
|
angasengi
|
engasengi
|
Class 7
|
siyasenga, sisenga
|
esisengayo, esisenga
|
sisenga
|
asisengi
|
esingasengi
|
singasengi
|
Class 8
|
ziyasenga, zisenga
|
ezisengayo, ezisenga
|
zisenga
|
azisengi
|
ezingasengi
|
zingasengi
|
Class 9
|
iyasenga, isenga
|
esengayo, esenga
|
isenga
|
ayisengi
|
engasengi
|
ingasengi
|
Class 10
|
ziyasenga, zisenga
|
ezisengayo, ezisenga
|
zisenga
|
azisengi
|
ezingasengi
|
zingasengi
|
Class 11
|
luyasenga, lusenga
|
olusengayo, olusenga
|
lusenga
|
alusengi
|
olungasengi
|
lungasengi
|
Class 14
|
buyasenga, busenga
|
obusengayo, obusenga
|
busenga
|
abusengi
|
obungasengi
|
bungasengi
|
Class 15
|
kuyasenga, kusenga
|
okusengayo, okusenga
|
kusenga
|
akusengi
|
okungasengi
|
kungasengi
|
Class 17
|
kuyasenga, kusenga
|
okusengayo, okusenga
|
kusenga
|
akusengi
|
okungasengi
|
kungasengi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngisengile, ngisengē
|
engisengile, engisengē
|
ngisengile, ngisengē
|
angisenganga
|
engingasenganga
|
ngingasenganga
|
2nd singular
|
usengile, usengē
|
osengile, osengē
|
usengile, usengē
|
awusenganga
|
ongasenganga
|
ungasenganga
|
1st plural
|
sisengile, sisengē
|
esisengile, esisengē
|
sisengile, sisengē
|
asisenganga
|
esingasenganga
|
singasenganga
|
2nd plural
|
nisengile, nisengē
|
enisengile, enisengē
|
nisengile, nisengē
|
anisenganga
|
eningasenganga
|
ningasenganga
|
Class 1
|
usengile, usengē
|
osengile, osengē
|
esengile, esengē
|
akasenganga
|
ongasenganga
|
engasenganga
|
Class 2
|
basengile, basengē
|
abasengile, abasengē
|
besengile, besengē
|
abasenganga
|
abangasenganga
|
bengasenganga
|
Class 3
|
usengile, usengē
|
osengile, osengē
|
usengile, usengē
|
awusenganga
|
ongasenganga
|
ungasenganga
|
Class 4
|
isengile, isengē
|
esengile, esengē
|
isengile, isengē
|
ayisenganga
|
engasenganga
|
ingasenganga
|
Class 5
|
lisengile, lisengē
|
elisengile, elisengē
|
lisengile, lisengē
|
alisenganga
|
elingasenganga
|
lingasenganga
|
Class 6
|
asengile, asengē
|
asengile, asengē
|
esengile, esengē
|
awasenganga
|
angasenganga
|
engasenganga
|
Class 7
|
sisengile, sisengē
|
esisengile, esisengē
|
sisengile, sisengē
|
asisenganga
|
esingasenganga
|
singasenganga
|
Class 8
|
zisengile, zisengē
|
ezisengile, ezisengē
|
zisengile, zisengē
|
azisenganga
|
ezingasenganga
|
zingasenganga
|
Class 9
|
isengile, isengē
|
esengile, esengē
|
isengile, isengē
|
ayisenganga
|
engasenganga
|
ingasenganga
|
Class 10
|
zisengile, zisengē
|
ezisengile, ezisengē
|
zisengile, zisengē
|
azisenganga
|
ezingasenganga
|
zingasenganga
|
Class 11
|
lusengile, lusengē
|
olusengile, olusengē
|
lusengile, lusengē
|
alusenganga
|
olungasenganga
|
lungasenganga
|
Class 14
|
busengile, busengē
|
obusengile, obusengē
|
busengile, busengē
|
abusenganga
|
obungasenganga
|
bungasenganga
|
Class 15
|
kusengile, kusengē
|
okusengile, okusengē
|
kusengile, kusengē
|
akusenganga
|
okungasenganga
|
kungasenganga
|
Class 17
|
kusengile, kusengē
|
okusengile, okusengē
|
kusengile, kusengē
|
akusenganga
|
okungasenganga
|
kungasenganga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāsenga
|
engāsenga
|
ngāsenga
|
angisenganga
|
engingasenganga
|
ngingasenganga
|
2nd singular
|
wāsenga
|
owāsenga
|
wāsenga
|
awusenganga
|
ongasenganga
|
ungasenganga
|
1st plural
|
sāsenga
|
esāsenga
|
sāsenga
|
asisenganga
|
esingasenganga
|
singasenganga
|
2nd plural
|
nāsenga
|
enāsenga
|
nāsenga
|
anisenganga
|
eningasenganga
|
ningasenganga
|
Class 1
|
wāsenga
|
owāsenga
|
āsenga
|
akasenganga
|
ongasenganga
|
engasenganga
|
Class 2
|
bāsenga
|
abāsenga
|
bāsenga
|
abasenganga
|
abangasenganga
|
bengasenganga
|
Class 3
|
wāsenga
|
owāsenga
|
wāsenga
|
awusenganga
|
ongasenganga
|
ungasenganga
|
Class 4
|
yāsenga
|
eyāsenga
|
yāsenga
|
ayisenganga
|
engasenganga
|
ingasenganga
|
Class 5
|
lāsenga
|
elāsenga
|
lāsenga
|
alisenganga
|
elingasenganga
|
lingasenganga
|
Class 6
|
āsenga
|
āsenga
|
āsenga
|
awasenganga
|
angasenganga
|
engasenganga
|
Class 7
|
sāsenga
|
esāsenga
|
sāsenga
|
asisenganga
|
esingasenganga
|
singasenganga
|
Class 8
|
zāsenga
|
ezāsenga
|
zāsenga
|
azisenganga
|
ezingasenganga
|
zingasenganga
|
Class 9
|
yāsenga
|
eyāsenga
|
yāsenga
|
ayisenganga
|
engasenganga
|
ingasenganga
|
Class 10
|
zāsenga
|
ezāsenga
|
zāsenga
|
azisenganga
|
ezingasenganga
|
zingasenganga
|
Class 11
|
lwāsenga
|
olwāsenga
|
lwāsenga
|
alusenganga
|
olungasenganga
|
lungasenganga
|
Class 14
|
bāsenga
|
obāsenga
|
bāsenga
|
abusenganga
|
obungasenganga
|
bungasenganga
|
Class 15
|
kwāsenga
|
okwāsenga
|
kwāsenga
|
akusenganga
|
okungasenganga
|
kungasenganga
|
Class 17
|
kwāsenga
|
okwāsenga
|
kwāsenga
|
akusenganga
|
okungasenganga
|
kungasenganga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingasenga
|
—
|
ngingasenga
|
ngingesenge
|
—
|
ngingesenge
|
2nd singular
|
ungasenga
|
—
|
ungasenga
|
ungesenge
|
—
|
ungesenge
|
1st plural
|
singasenga
|
—
|
singasenga
|
singesenge
|
—
|
singesenge
|
2nd plural
|
ningasenga
|
—
|
ningasenga
|
ningesenge
|
—
|
ningesenge
|
Class 1
|
angasenga
|
—
|
engasenga
|
angesenge
|
—
|
engesenge
|
Class 2
|
bangasenga
|
—
|
bengasenga
|
bangesenge
|
—
|
bengesenge
|
Class 3
|
ungasenga
|
—
|
ungasenga
|
ungesenge
|
—
|
ungesenge
|
Class 4
|
ingasenga
|
—
|
ingasenga
|
ingesenge
|
—
|
ingesenge
|
Class 5
|
lingasenga
|
—
|
lingasenga
|
lingesenge
|
—
|
lingesenge
|
Class 6
|
angasenga
|
—
|
engasenga
|
angesenge
|
—
|
engesenge
|
Class 7
|
singasenga
|
—
|
singasenga
|
singesenge
|
—
|
singesenge
|
Class 8
|
zingasenga
|
—
|
zingasenga
|
zingesenge
|
—
|
zingesenge
|
Class 9
|
ingasenga
|
—
|
ingasenga
|
ingesenge
|
—
|
ingesenge
|
Class 10
|
zingasenga
|
—
|
zingasenga
|
zingesenge
|
—
|
zingesenge
|
Class 11
|
lungasenga
|
—
|
lungasenga
|
lungesenge
|
—
|
lungesenge
|
Class 14
|
bungasenga
|
—
|
bungasenga
|
bungesenge
|
—
|
bungesenge
|
Class 15
|
kungasenga
|
—
|
kungasenga
|
kungesenge
|
—
|
kungesenge
|
Class 17
|
kungasenga
|
—
|
kungasenga
|
kungesenge
|
—
|
kungesenge
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizosenga
|
engizosenga
|
ngizosenga
|
angizusenga
|
engingezusenga
|
ngingezusenga
|
2nd singular
|
uzosenga
|
ozosenga
|
uzosenga
|
awuzusenga
|
ongezusenga
|
ungezusenga
|
1st plural
|
sizosenga
|
esizosenga
|
sizosenga
|
asizusenga
|
esingezusenga
|
singezusenga
|
2nd plural
|
nizosenga
|
enizosenga
|
nizosenga
|
anizusenga
|
eningezusenga
|
ningezusenga
|
Class 1
|
uzosenga
|
ozosenga
|
ezosenga
|
akazusenga
|
ongezusenga
|
engezusenga
|
Class 2
|
bazosenga
|
abazosenga
|
bezosenga
|
abazusenga
|
abangezusenga
|
bengezusenga
|
Class 3
|
uzosenga
|
ozosenga
|
uzosenga
|
awuzusenga
|
ongezusenga
|
ungezusenga
|
Class 4
|
izosenga
|
ezosenga
|
izosenga
|
ayizusenga
|
engezusenga
|
ingezusenga
|
Class 5
|
lizosenga
|
elizosenga
|
lizosenga
|
alizusenga
|
elingezusenga
|
lingezusenga
|
Class 6
|
azosenga
|
azosenga
|
ezosenga
|
awazusenga
|
angezusenga
|
engezusenga
|
Class 7
|
sizosenga
|
esizosenga
|
sizosenga
|
asizusenga
|
esingezusenga
|
singezusenga
|
Class 8
|
zizosenga
|
ezizosenga
|
zizosenga
|
azizusenga
|
ezingezusenga
|
zingezusenga
|
Class 9
|
izosenga
|
ezosenga
|
izosenga
|
ayizusenga
|
engezusenga
|
ingezusenga
|
Class 10
|
zizosenga
|
ezizosenga
|
zizosenga
|
azizusenga
|
ezingezusenga
|
zingezusenga
|
Class 11
|
luzosenga
|
oluzosenga
|
luzosenga
|
aluzusenga
|
olungezusenga
|
lungezusenga
|
Class 14
|
buzosenga
|
obuzosenga
|
buzosenga
|
abuzusenga
|
obungezusenga
|
bungezusenga
|
Class 15
|
kuzosenga
|
okuzosenga
|
kuzosenga
|
akuzusenga
|
okungezusenga
|
kungezusenga
|
Class 17
|
kuzosenga
|
okuzosenga
|
kuzosenga
|
akuzusenga
|
okungezusenga
|
kungezusenga
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyosenga
|
engiyosenga
|
ngiyosenga
|
angiyusenga
|
engingeyusenga
|
ngingeyusenga
|
2nd singular
|
uyosenga
|
oyosenga
|
uyosenga
|
awuyusenga
|
ongeyusenga
|
ungeyusenga
|
1st plural
|
siyosenga
|
esiyosenga
|
siyosenga
|
asiyusenga
|
esingeyusenga
|
singeyusenga
|
2nd plural
|
niyosenga
|
eniyosenga
|
niyosenga
|
aniyusenga
|
eningeyusenga
|
ningeyusenga
|
Class 1
|
uyosenga
|
oyosenga
|
eyosenga
|
akayusenga
|
ongeyusenga
|
engeyusenga
|
Class 2
|
bayosenga
|
abayosenga
|
beyosenga
|
abayusenga
|
abangeyusenga
|
bengeyusenga
|
Class 3
|
uyosenga
|
oyosenga
|
uyosenga
|
awuyusenga
|
ongeyusenga
|
ungeyusenga
|
Class 4
|
iyosenga
|
eyosenga
|
iyosenga
|
ayiyusenga
|
engeyusenga
|
ingeyusenga
|
Class 5
|
liyosenga
|
eliyosenga
|
liyosenga
|
aliyusenga
|
elingeyusenga
|
lingeyusenga
|
Class 6
|
ayosenga
|
ayosenga
|
eyosenga
|
awayusenga
|
angeyusenga
|
engeyusenga
|
Class 7
|
siyosenga
|
esiyosenga
|
siyosenga
|
asiyusenga
|
esingeyusenga
|
singeyusenga
|
Class 8
|
ziyosenga
|
eziyosenga
|
ziyosenga
|
aziyusenga
|
ezingeyusenga
|
zingeyusenga
|
Class 9
|
iyosenga
|
eyosenga
|
iyosenga
|
ayiyusenga
|
engeyusenga
|
ingeyusenga
|
Class 10
|
ziyosenga
|
eziyosenga
|
ziyosenga
|
aziyusenga
|
ezingeyusenga
|
zingeyusenga
|
Class 11
|
luyosenga
|
oluyosenga
|
luyosenga
|
aluyusenga
|
olungeyusenga
|
lungeyusenga
|
Class 14
|
buyosenga
|
obuyosenga
|
buyosenga
|
abuyusenga
|
obungeyusenga
|
bungeyusenga
|
Class 15
|
kuyosenga
|
okuyosenga
|
kuyosenga
|
akuyusenga
|
okungeyusenga
|
kungeyusenga
|
Class 17
|
kuyosenga
|
okuyosenga
|
kuyosenga
|
akuyusenga
|
okungeyusenga
|
kungeyusenga
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngisenge
|
ngingasengi
|
2nd singular
|
usenge
|
ungasengi
|
1st plural
|
sisenge
|
singasengi
|
2nd plural
|
nisenge
|
ningasengi
|
Class 1
|
asenge
|
angasengi
|
Class 2
|
basenge
|
bangasengi
|
Class 3
|
usenge
|
ungasengi
|
Class 4
|
isenge
|
ingasengi
|
Class 5
|
lisenge
|
lingasengi
|
Class 6
|
asenge
|
angasengi
|
Class 7
|
sisenge
|
singasengi
|
Class 8
|
zisenge
|
zingasengi
|
Class 9
|
isenge
|
ingasengi
|
Class 10
|
zisenge
|
zingasengi
|
Class 11
|
lusenge
|
lungasengi
|
Class 14
|
busenge
|
bungasengi
|
Class 15
|
kusenge
|
kungasengi
|
Class 17
|
kusenge
|
kungasengi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngasenga
|
ngangasenga, angasenga, angangasenga
|
2nd singular
|
wasenga
|
wangasenga, awasenga, awangasenga
|
1st plural
|
sasenga
|
sangasenga, asasenga, asangasenga
|
2nd plural
|
nasenga
|
nangasenga, anasenga, anangasenga
|
Class 1
|
wasenga
|
wangasenga, akasenga, akangasenga
|
Class 2
|
basenga
|
bangasenga, abasenga, abangasenga
|
Class 3
|
wasenga
|
wangasenga, awasenga, awangasenga
|
Class 4
|
yasenga
|
yangasenga, ayasenga, ayangasenga
|
Class 5
|
lasenga
|
langasenga, alasenga, alangasenga
|
Class 6
|
asenga
|
angasenga, awasenga, awangasenga
|
Class 7
|
sasenga
|
sangasenga, asasenga, asangasenga
|
Class 8
|
zasenga
|
zangasenga, azasenga, azangasenga
|
Class 9
|
yasenga
|
yangasenga, ayasenga, ayangasenga
|
Class 10
|
zasenga
|
zangasenga, azasenga, azangasenga
|
Class 11
|
lwasenga
|
lwangasenga, alwasenga, alwangasenga
|
Class 14
|
basenga
|
bangasenga, abasenga, abangasenga
|
Class 15
|
kwasenga
|
kwangasenga, akwasenga, akwangasenga
|
Class 17
|
kwasenga
|
kwangasenga, akwasenga, akwangasenga
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