rynek
Czech
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Czech rynek, from Middle High German rinc (“town square”), originally “ring”,[1] from Old High German ring. Doublet of ring (“boxing ring”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editrynek m inan
- (dated) square, an open space in a town [from 14th c.]
- Synonym: náměstí
- 1877, Jakub Malý, “Kopidlno”, in Vlastenský slovník historický[1], Praha: Rohlíček & Sievers, pages 371–372:
- Roku 1506 v sobotu po sv. Václavě sťat jest na rynku Starého města Pražského mladý 24letý zeman Jan Kopidlanský, jenžto zabil jiného zemana Cukra z Tamfeldu.
- In 1506, on Saturday after the Saint Wenceslas day, young yeoman Jan Kopidlanský, who had killed another yeoman Cukr of Tamfeld, was executed on the square of the Old Town of Prague.
Declension
editDerived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “ryn(e)k”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 608
Further reading
editOld Czech
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Middle High German rinc (“town square”), originally “ring”,[1] from Old High German ring.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editrynek m inan
- market, square (open area in the center of a town housing a public market)
- The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
- atrium (interior of the house, especially without a roof)
Declension
editsingular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | rynek | rynky | rynci, rynkové |
genitive | rynka, rynku | rynkú | rynkóv |
dative | rynku | rynkoma | rynkóm |
accusative | rynek | rynky | rynky |
vocative | rynče | rynky | rynci, rynkové |
locative | ryncě, rynku | rynkú | rynciech |
instrumental | rynkem | rynkoma | rynky |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Descendants
edit- Czech: rynek
References
edit- ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “ryn(e)k”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 608
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “rynek”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old Polish
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Middle High German rinc, from Old High German ring. First attested in 1400.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editrynek m animacy unattested (related adjective rynkowy)
- (attested in Greater Poland) market, square (open area in the center of a town housing a public market)
- 1888 [1400], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV[2], Greater Poland, page 79:
- Cso Potrasz Potraszowi dal rani, to mu ye dal, eze gi potkaw na rinku y dal mu naprzod rani
- [Czso Piotrasz Piotraszowi dał rany, to mu je dał, eże ji potkaw na rynku i dał mu naprzód rany]
- corruption
- 1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)[3], 10, 12:
- Vdzala... Chale y *rinek* myedzi Nynywen a Chale (aedificavit... Chale, Resen quoque inter Niniven et Chale)
- [Udziała... Chale i *Rynek* miedzy Niniwen a Chale (aedificavit... Chale, Resen quoque inter Niniven et Chale)]
Descendants
editReferences
edit- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “rynek”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Mańczak, Witold (2017) “rynek”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “rynek 1”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “rynek”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Polish rynek. Doublet of ranga and ring.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editrynek m inan (diminutive ryneczek, related adjective rynkowy)
- market, marketplace (city square or other fairly spacious site where traders set up stalls and buyers browse the merchandise)
- (colloquial) marketplace (open area hosting a public market)
- Synonym: targowisko
- (economics, trading) market (formally organized system of trading in specified goods or effects)
- (economics, trading, colloquial) market (group of people dealing in trade)
- (obsolete) area (place designated for particular activities)
Declension
editDerived terms
editDescendants
edit- → Belarusian: ры́нак (rýnak)
- → Kashubian: rënk
- → Russian: ры́нок (rýnok)
- → Ukrainian: ри́нок (rýnok)
Trivia
editAccording to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), rynek is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 11 times in scientific texts, 16 times in news, 33 times in essays, 4 times in fiction, and 2 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 66 times, making it the 996th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
editFurther reading
edit- rynek in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- rynek in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “rynek”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “RYNEK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 03.03.2009
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “rynek”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “rynek”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1912), “rynek”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw, page 794
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “rynek 2”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
Silesian
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Polish rynek.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editrynek m inan (diminutive ryneczek)
- (trading) market, marketplace (open area in a town housing a public market)
- (trading) market (formally organized system of trading in specified goods or effects)
Declension
editFurther reading
edit- rynek in silling.org
- Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “rynek”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 130
- Czech terms derived from Germanic languages
- Czech terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Middle High German
- Czech terms derived from Old High German
- Czech doublets
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Czech/ɪnɛk
- Rhymes:Czech/ɪnɛk/2 syllables
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- Czech dated terms
- Czech terms with quotations
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech velar-stem masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech nouns with reducible stem
- Old Czech terms derived from Germanic languages
- Old Czech terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Czech terms borrowed from Middle High German
- Old Czech terms derived from Middle High German
- Old Czech terms derived from Old High German
- Old Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Czech lemmas
- Old Czech nouns
- Old Czech masculine nouns
- Old Czech inanimate nouns
- Old Czech terms with uncertain meaning
- Old Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Old Czech hard masculine o-stem nouns
- Old Czech nouns with reducible stem
- zlw-ocs:Places
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Polish terms derived from Old High German
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German
- Old Polish terms derived from Middle High German
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish nouns
- Old Polish masculine nouns
- Greater Poland Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- zlw-opl:Places
- Polish terms derived from Middle High German
- Polish terms derived from Old High German
- Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish doublets
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɘnɛk
- Rhymes:Polish/ɘnɛk/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- Polish colloquialisms
- pl:Economics
- pl:Trading
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- pl:Places
- Silesian terms derived from Middle High German
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Silesian terms derived from Old High German
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɪnɛk
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɪnɛk/2 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian masculine nouns
- Silesian inanimate nouns
- szl:Trading
- szl:Places