restreindre

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French rétraindre, from Old French restreindre, restraindre, borrowed from Latin restringere, and adapted in conjugation to étreindre (Old French estreindre).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃dʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

restreindre

1. to restrict, to limit
2. to restrain

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.

Conjugation of restreindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	restreindre
	compound	avoir past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	restreignant /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɑ̃/
	compound	ayant past participle
past participle		restreint /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	restreins /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/	restreins /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/	restreint /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/	restreignons /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/	restreignez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲe/	restreignent /ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/
	imperfect	restreignais /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/	restreignais /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/	restreignait /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/	restreignions /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/	restreigniez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲje/	restreignaient /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/
	past historic2	restreignis /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/	restreignis /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/	restreignit /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/	restreignîmes /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲim/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲim/	restreignîtes /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲit/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲit/	restreignirent /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲiʁ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲiʁ/
	future	restreindrai /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/	restreindras /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/	restreindra /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/	restreindrons /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/	restreindrez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/	restreindront /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/
	conditional	restreindrais /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/	restreindrais /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/	restreindrait /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/	restreindrions /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/	restreindriez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.je/	restreindraient /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	restreigne /ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/	restreignes /ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/	restreigne /ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/	restreignions /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/	restreigniez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲje/	restreignent /ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/
	imperfect2	restreignisse /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲis/	restreignisses /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲis/	restreignît /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/	restreignissions /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi.sjɔ̃/	restreignissiez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi.sje/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi.sje/	restreignissent /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	restreins /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/	—	restreignons /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/	restreignez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir past participle	simple imperative of avoir past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• restreint
• étreindre

Further reading

• “restreindre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.