putun

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

• putũ, pytun

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pɨtun (“night, darkness”).

Cognate with Guaraní pytũ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /puˈtũn/
• Rhymes: -ũn
• Hyphenation: pu‧tun

Adjective

putun (noun form putuna)

1. dark (having an absolute or relative lack of light)

   Synonym: un

2. nighted (overtaken by night)

Declension

    Declension of putun (consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Causative	mopútun
Deadjectivals
-ba'e	i putunyba'e
-sab(a)	putundaba
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person exclusive	1st person inclusive	2nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative	xe putun	nde putun	i putun	oré putun	îandé putun	pe putun
Imperative
Permissive	ta xe putun	ta nde putun	t'i putun	t'oré putun	t'îandé putun	ta pe putun
Negative indicative	na xe putuni	na nde putuni	n'i putuni	n'oré putuni	n'îandé putuni	na pe putuni
Negative imperative		nde putun umẽ				pe putun umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe putun umẽ	ta nde putun umẽ	t'i putun umẽ	t'oré putun umẽ	t'îandé putun umẽ	ta pe putun umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe putunamo	nde putunamo	o putunamo	oré putunamo	îandé putunamo	pe putunamo
Negative	xe putune'ymamo	nde putune'ymamo	o putune'ymamo	oré putune'ymamo	îandé putune'ymamo	pe putune'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	putuna
Negative	putune'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	same as gerund1
	xe putuni2		i putuni2	oré putuni2	îandé putuni2
Negative	same as gerund1
	xe putune'ymi2		i putune'ymi2	oré putune'ymi2	îandé putune'ymi2
1South Tupi 2North Tupi

Adverb

putun

1. at night

Further reading

• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “putuna”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, pages 412–413