Wiktionary

model

See also: Model, modeł, modèl, and módel

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle French modelle, from Old Italian modello, from Vulgar Latin *modellus, diminutive form of modulus (“measure, standard”), diminutive of modus (“measure”); see mode, and compare module, modulus, mould, mold.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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model (plural models)

  2. A person who serves as a human template for artwork or fashion.
    Leonardo da Vinci chose a 15th century criminal as a model for Judas in his painting The Last Supper. The supersize model displayed the latest summer shorts fashion, tactfully representing similarly overweight teenagers.
  4. A person, usually an attractive male or female, who is hired to show items or goods to the public, such as items that are given away as prizes on a TV game show.
  6. A representation of a physical object.
    The boy played with a model of a World War II fighter plane. The biology teacher passed a large plastic model of the atomic structure of DNA around the classroom.
    • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:
      I had my father's signet in my purse, / Which was the model of that Danish seal.
    • 1726, [Joseph Addison], Dialogues Upon the Usefulness of Ancient Medals. […], [London], →OCLC, page 23:
      You have here the models of ſeveral ancient Temples, though the Temples themſelves, and the Gods that were worſhipped in them, are periſhed many hundred years ago.
  8. A simulation used to analyze the workings of a real world system or event.
    machine learning model
    The computer weather model did not correctly predict the path of the hurricane.
    • 2007 November 1, Jeff Goodell, quoting James Lovelock, “James Lovelock, the Prophet”, in Rolling Stone‎[1]:
      The trouble is, all those well-intentioned scientists who are arguing that we’re not in any imminent danger are basing their arguments on computer models. I’m basing mine on what’s actually happening.
    • 2013 June 29, Leo Montada, “Coping with Life Stress”, in Herman Steensma, Riël Vermunt, editors, Social Justice in Human Relations Volume 2: Societal and Psychological Consequences of Justice and Injustice‎[2], Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 26:
      The fourth model is called the enlightment model: Actors are seen to be responsible for problems but unable or unwilling to provide solutions. They are believed to need discipline provided by authoritative guidance. The Alcoholic Anonymous[sic] groups are considered prototypical for this model.
  10. A style, type, or design.
    He decided to buy the turbo engine model of the sports car.
    This year's model features four doors instead of two.
  12. The structural design of a complex system.
    The team developed a sound business model.
  14. A successful example to be copied, with or without modifications.
    He was a model of eloquence and virtue.
    British parliamentary democracy was seen as a model for other countries to follow.
    • 1960 December, “The Glasgow Suburban Electrification is opened”, in Trains Illustrated, page 714:
      Above all, the 48-page timetables of the new service, which have been distributed free at every station in the scheme, are a model to the rest of B.R. For the first time on British Railways, so far as we are aware, a substantial timetable has been produced, not only without a single footnote but also devoid of all wearisome asterisks, stars, letter suffixes and other hieroglyphics.
    • 2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:
      Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. […] Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster. Clever financial ploys are what have made billionaires of the industry’s veterans. “Operational improvement” in a portfolio company has often meant little more than promising colossal bonuses to sitting chief executives if they meet ambitious growth targets. That model is still prevalent today.
  16. (logic) An interpretation function which assigns a truth value to each atomic proposition.
  18. (logic) An interpretation which makes a set of sentences true, in which case that interpretation is called a model of that set.
  20. (medicine) An animal that is used to study a human disease or pathology.
  22. Any copy, or resemblance, more or less exact.
  24. (software architecture) In software applications using the model-view-controller design pattern, the part or parts of the application that manage the data.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Hyponyms

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Hyponyms of "model"

Derived terms

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more derived terms (unsorted: some may also by hyponyms - feel free to move them to that heading. Thanks :)
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Descendants

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adjective

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model (not comparable)

  1. Worthy of being a model; exemplary.
    Synonym: ideal
    • 1898, John Thorburn, The St. Andrew's Society of Ottawa: 1846-1897 : sketch, page 40:
      [...] from the land of your origin, because you demand the claims of those who believe it more model than yours, [...]
    • 1932, Nora Fugger, translated by James Austin Galaston, The Glory of the Habsburgs: the Memoirs of Princess Fugger, page 35:
      Methods of game-preservation in their extensive and well-stocked hunting-grounds were as model as the huntsmanlike management of the hunts.
    • 1934, Charles Ryle Fay, Imperial economy and its place in the formation of economic doctrine, 1600-1932, page 143:
      [...] and we press with special severity on one small country whose agriculture is as model as is her way of rural life.
    • 1956, Stephen Rynne, All Ireland, page 54:
      True, it is an untidy county; the farmhouses are much more model than the farms (when we reach Antrim we shall find that the farms are more model than the farmhouses).
    • 1961, Blackwood's Magazine, volume 289, page 525:
      At our approach the animals made so much noise that the owners of the hut peered round the door to see what was the matter; outwardly rather less model than the farm, there appeared two ancient Basques, emblematically black-bereted, gnarled [...]
    • 1968, American County Government, volume 33, page 19:
      But not all the exchanges were as model as the sergeant. Some of the exchangees showed a rigidity and reluctance to adapt.
    • 1999, Michael D. Williams, Acquisition for the 21st century: the F-22 Development Program, page 113:
      It is as model as you can get.
    • 2002, Uma Anand Segal, A framework for immigration: Asians in the United States, page 308:
      While Asians have been perceived as the model minority, it is increasingly clear that some Asian groups are more model than are others, and even within these model groups, a division exists [...]
    • 2010, Eleanor Coppola, Notes on a Life, page 140:
      All were neat and well kept which added to the sense that they were more model than real.

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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model (third-person singular simple present models, present participle (UK) modelling or (US) modeling, simple past and past participle (UK) modelled or (US) modeled)

  1. (transitive) to display an item on one's body for others to see the potential effect on their own bodies, especially in regard to wearing clothing while performing the role of a fashion model
    She modelled the shoes for her friends to appreciate.
  2. (transitive) To devise a model of (some original), especially to better understand or forecast the original.
    They modelled weather patterns using a computer.
    • 2023 June 28, Mel Holley, “A true transport trailblazer?”, in RAIL, number 986, page 34:
      What passenger growth might be achieved by this can be modelled, but experience shows that in the post-COVID environment, accurate modelling is exceptionally difficult.
  3. (transitive) To make a miniature model of.
    He takes great pride in his skill at modeling airplanes.
  4. (transitive) To create from a substance such as clay.
    The sculptor modelled the clay into the form of a dolphin.
  5. (intransitive) To make a model or models.
  6. (intransitive) To work as a model in art or fashion.
    The actress used to model before being discovered by Hollywood.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Albanian

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Etymology

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Ultimately from Old Italian modello, from Vulgar Latin *modellus, diminutive form of modulus (“measure, standard”).

Noun

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model m (plural modele, definite modeli, definite plural modelet)

  1. pattern
  2. example
    Synonyms: shembull, mostër

Declension

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Declension of model
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative model modeli modele modelet
accusative modelin
dative modeli modelit modeleve modeleve
ablative modelesh

Derived terms

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Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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model m (plural models)

  1. model

Noun

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model m or f by sense (plural models)

  1. model (person)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Cebuano

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Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: mo‧del

Etymology 1

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Borrowed from English model, from Middle French modelle, from Old Italian modello, from Vulgar Latin *modellus, diminutive form of Latin modulus (“measure, standard”), diminutive of modus (“measure”).

Noun

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model

  1. fashion model
  2. model, poser; someone who poses for a photograph or painting
  3. framework
  4. example

Verb

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model

  1. to model
  2. to become or work as a fashion model
  3. to pose
Synonyms
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Etymology 2

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From the Cebuano phrase mo-deliver ug lunggon (“someone who delivers coffins”).

Noun

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model

  1. (colloquial, humorous) a funeral home worker; a funeral director or funeral attendant See usage notes.
Usage notes
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  • Used to poke fun at a good-looking or well-dressed person.

Crimean Tatar

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Etymology

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From French modèle (“model”).

Noun

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model

  1. model

Declension

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Declension of model
nominative model
genitive modelniñ
dative modelge
accusative modelni
locative modelde
ablative modelden

References

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  • Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎[3], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

Czech

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From German Modell.

Noun

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model m inan

  1. (art) model (artistic template)
  2. model (reduced-scale template, e.g. scale model)
  3. model (of a car, aircraft, etc.)
    Máte jiný model? ― Do you have another model?
  4. (metallurgy) model, mold
  5. (mathematics) (formal) model
Declension
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Declension of model (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative model modely
genitive modelu modelů
dative modelu modelům
accusative model modely
vocative modele modely
locative modelu modelech
instrumental modelem modely
Descendants
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Noun

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model m anim (female equivalent modelka)

  1. male model (person who models clothing, or an artist's model)
Declension
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Declension of model (hard masculine animate)
singular plural
nominative model modelové
genitive modela modelů
dative modelovi, modelu modelům
accusative modela modely
vocative modele modelové
locative modelovi, modelu modelech
instrumental modelem modely

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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model f

  1. genitive plural of modla

Further reading

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  • “model”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “model”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “model”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Middle French modelle, from Old Italian modello, from Vulgar Latin *modellus, diminutive form of modulus.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /moːˈdɛl/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: mo‧del
  • Rhymes: -ɛl

Noun

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model n (plural modellen, diminutive modelletje n)

  1. model (type, design)
  2. model (someone or something serving as an artistic subject)
  3. model (simplified representation)
  4. model (miniature)
  5. model (prototype)
  6. shape, the proper arrangement of something

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Indonesian

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Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Etymology

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From Dutch model, from Middle French modelle, from Old Italian modello, from Vulgar Latin *modellus, diminutive form of modulus. Doublet of mode, modern, modul, and modus.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈmodɛl]
  • Hyphenation: mo‧dèl

Noun

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modèl (first-person possessive modelku, second-person possessive modelmu, third-person possessive modelnya)

  1. model,
    1. a style, type, or design.
    2. a person who serves as a subject for artwork or fashion, usually in the medium of photography but also for painting or drawing.
    3. a person, usually an attractive female, hired to show items or goods to the public, such as items given away as prizes on a TV game show.
    4. a representation of a physical object, usually in miniature.
  2. (psychology) role model, a person who serves as an example, whose behavior is emulated by others

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

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Borrowed from Italian modello.[1] First attested in 1561.[2] Compare Silesian model. Doublet of modła and moduł.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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model m inan (diminutive modelik, related adjective modelowy)

  1. model (a representation of a physical object)
  2. model (the structural design of a complex system)
    Synonyms: paradygmat, szablon, wzorzec, wzór
  3. model (a style, type, or design)
    Synonym: typ
  4. model (way of organizing something)
  5. model (object used to prepare casting molds)
  6. model (a successful example to be copied, with or without modifications)
  7. model (trial copy of a series of technical products)
  8. model (any copy, or resemblance, more or less exact)

Declension

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Declension of model
singular plural
nominative model modele
genitive modelu modeli/modelów
dative modelowi modelom
accusative model modele
instrumental modelem modelami
locative modelu modelach
vocative modelu modele

Noun

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model m pers (female equivalent modelka)

  1. model (person who serves as a subject for artwork)
  2. (colloquial) funny guy (person who makes one laugh or shocks with their behavior)
    Synonyms: agregat, aparat, numer, numerant

Declension

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Declension of model
singular plural
nominative model modele
genitive modela modeli/modelów
dative modelowi modelom
accusative modela modeli/modelów
instrumental modelem modelami
locative modelu modelach
vocative modelu modele

Derived terms

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adverbs
nouns
verbs
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adverbs
nouns

References

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  1. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “model”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  2. ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “model”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

Further reading

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Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French modèle or Italian modello.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /moˈdel/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -el
  • Hyphenation: mo‧del

Noun

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model n (plural modele)

  1. a template

Declension

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singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative model modelul modele modelele
genitive-dative model modelului modele modelelor
vocative modelule modelelor

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German Modell or French modèle, from Italian modello, from Latin modellus.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /mǒdel/
  • Hyphenation: mo‧del

Noun

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mòdel m (Cyrillic spelling мо̀дел)

  1. model (clarification of this definition is needed)

Declension

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Declension of model
singular plural
nominative mòdel modeli
genitive modèla modela
dative modelu modelima
accusative model modele
vocative modele modeli
locative modelu modelima
instrumental modelom modelima

References

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  • “model”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Silesian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Czech model.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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model m inan (related adjective modelowy)

  1. model
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nouns

References

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  1. ^ Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “model”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 409

Further reading

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  • model in silling.org
  • Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “model”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 97

Turkish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French modèle.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /moˈdel/
  • Hyphenation: mo‧del

Noun

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model (definite accusative modeli, plural modeller)

  1. model (clarification of this definition is needed)

Declension

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Inflection
Nominative model
Definite accusative modeli
Singular Plural
Nominative model modeller
Definite accusative modeli modelleri
Dative modele modellere
Locative modelde modellerde
Ablative modelden modellerden
Genitive modelin modellerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular modelim modellerim
2nd singular modelin modellerin
3rd singular modeli modelleri
1st plural modelimiz modellerimiz
2nd plural modeliniz modelleriniz
3rd plural modelleri modelleri
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular modelimi modellerimi
2nd singular modelini modellerini
3rd singular modelini modellerini
1st plural modelimizi modellerimizi
2nd plural modelinizi modellerinizi
3rd plural modellerini modellerini
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular modelime modellerime
2nd singular modeline modellerine
3rd singular modeline modellerine
1st plural modelimize modellerimize
2nd plural modelinize modellerinize
3rd plural modellerine modellerine
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular modelimde modellerimde
2nd singular modelinde modellerinde
3rd singular modelinde modellerinde
1st plural modelimizde modellerimizde
2nd plural modelinizde modellerinizde
3rd plural modellerinde modellerinde
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular modelimden modellerimden
2nd singular modelinden modellerinden
3rd singular modelinden modellerinden
1st plural modelimizden modellerimizden
2nd plural modelinizden modellerinizden
3rd plural modellerinden modellerinden
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular modelimin modellerimin
2nd singular modelinin modellerinin
3rd singular modelinin modellerinin
1st plural modelimizin modellerimizin
2nd plural modelinizin modellerinizin
3rd plural modellerinin modellerinin
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular modelim modellerim
2nd singular modelsin modellersin
3rd singular model
modeldir 		modeller
modellerdir
1st plural modeliz modelleriz
2nd plural modelsiniz modellersiniz
3rd plural modeller modellerdir

Welsh

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Etymology

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From English model, from Middle French modelle, from Old Italian modello.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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model m or f (plural modelau)

  1. model

Mutation

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Mutated forms of model
radical soft nasal aspirate
model fodel unchanged unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “model”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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