maidid

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *madyeti (“to break”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d- (“to drip, ooze; grease, fat”), though the semantic connection is difficult.^[1] The reduplicated preterite and future stems in meb- /mʲev-/ are dissimilated from mem- /mʲeṽ-/.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈmaðʲiðʲ]

Verb

maidid (conjunct ·maid, ·maith or ·moith, verbal noun maidm)

(intransitive) to break, to burst
- c. 700–800 Táin Bó Cúailnge, published in Táin Bó Cúailnge. Recension I (1976, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Cecile O'Rahilly, TBC-I 3617
  Do·lotar do fásguba[e] fairseom ó Medb co roimsitis a fuile fair […]
  [The handmaidens] came to [Cú Chulainn] from Medb to falsely lament over him so that his wounds would burst open [by enraging him]...
(impersonal, with ré the person defeating and/or for the person being defeated) to defeat, to rout
- c. 750-800 Tairired na nDessi from Rawlinson B 502, published in "The Expulsion of the Dessi", Y Cymmrodor (1901, Society of Cymmrodorion), edited and with translations by Kuno Meyer, vol. 14, pp. 104-135, paragraph 5
  Do·bert Cormac sluago forsna Déisse ⁊ ro·mebdatar secht catha for(th)u ria n-Óengus co maccaib a bráthar .i. Russ ⁊ Eogan.
  Cormac sent hosts against the Deisi, who were routed after seven battles by Óengus and the sons of his brother, to wit, Russ and Eogan.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 89^c11
  Mani ro{i}ma fora cenn, ní mema forsna bullu.
  If their head is not defeated, the members will not be defeated.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 51^c9
  is in núall do·ngníat hó ru·maith for a náimtea remib
  it is the cry that they make when their enemies are defeated by them

Inflection

Simple, class B II present, reduplicated preterite, s future, s subjunctive

		1st sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	3rd pl.
Present indicative	Abs.				maidit
	Conj.		·maid, ·moith; ru·maith (ro-form)
	Rel.

Imperfect indicative

Preterite	Abs.				memdaitir
	Conj.		·memaid, ·mmemaid, ·mebaid, ·mmebaid		·mebdatar
	Rel.

Perfect	Deut.		ro·mmemaid, co·mmebaid
Perfect	Prot.		·róemid, ·rróemid		·raimdetar

Future	Abs.		memais, mebais	mebusmet
	Conj.		·mema, ·mmema; ·roíma (ro-form)	·memsam	·memsat, ·mebsat
	Rel.				memsite

Conditional			·mebsad		·mebsaitis

Present subjunctive	Abs.		máis
	Conj.		·má, ·mǽ; ·roma (ro-form)
	Rel.

Past subjunctive			·maissed		·roimsitis (ro-form)

Imperative			maided

Verbal noun		maidm
Past participle
Verbal of necessity

Derived terms

do·maid

Related terms

díumaidm

Descendants

Irish: maígh, maidhm (denominal re-formation from the verbal noun)

Mutation

Mutation of *maidid*
radical	lenition	nasalization
maidid also mmaidid after a proclitic ending in a vowel	maidid pronounced with /β̃(ʲ)-/	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 251–52