hrífa
Icelandic
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom the Old Norse hrífa (“rake”), cognate with Danish rive. From the following verb.
Noun
edithrífa f (genitive singular hrífu, nominative plural hrífur)
Declension
editDeclension of hrífa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
f-w1 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | hrífa | hrífan | hrífur | hrífurnar |
accusative | hrífu | hrífuna | hrífur | hrífurnar |
dative | hrífu | hrífunni | hrífum | hrífunum |
genitive | hrífu | hrífunnar | hrífa | hrífanna |
Etymology 2
editFrom the Old Norse hrífa (“to grip, snatch”), from Proto-Germanic *hrībaną (“to grip, snatch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreybʰ- (“to scratch”). Has become conflated with Proto-Germanic *rīfaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to tear”), in each subsequent daughter language, cf. Old English gehrīfnian (“to become fierce, rapacious”) and Old Frisian hrīva (“to tear”). Ultimately the sense is 'to make an impression on'.
Verb
edithrífa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative hreif, third-person plural past indicative hrifu, supine hrifið)
- (transitive, intransitive, with accusative) to enchant, to carry away, to move somebody
- (intransitive) to become effective, to take effect
- Lyfið hreif mjög fljótt.
- The drug took effect very quickly.
Conjugation
edithrífa — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að hrífa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
hrifið | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
hrífandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég hríf | við hrífum | present (nútíð) |
ég hrífi | við hrífum |
þú hrífur | þið hrífið | þú hrífir | þið hrífið | ||
hann, hún, það hrífur | þeir, þær, þau hrífa | hann, hún, það hrífi | þeir, þær, þau hrífi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég hreif | við hrifum | past (þátíð) |
ég hrifi | við hrifum |
þú hreifst | þið hrifuð | þú hrifir | þið hrifuð | ||
hann, hún, það hreif | þeir, þær, þau hrifu | hann, hún, það hrifi | þeir, þær, þau hrifu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
hríf (þú) | hrífið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
hrífðu | hrífiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að hrífast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
hrifist | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
hrífandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég hrífst | við hrífumst | present (nútíð) |
ég hrífist | við hrífumst |
þú hrífst | þið hrífist | þú hrífist | þið hrífist | ||
hann, hún, það hrífst | þeir, þær, þau hrífast | hann, hún, það hrífist | þeir, þær, þau hrífist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég hreifst | við hrifumst | past (þátíð) |
ég hrifist | við hrifumst |
þú hreifst | þið hrifust | þú hrifist | þið hrifust | ||
hann, hún, það hreifst | þeir, þær, þau hrifust | hann, hún, það hrifist | þeir, þær, þau hrifust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
hrífst (þú) | hrífist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
hrífstu | hrífisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
hrifinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
hrifinn | hrifin | hrifið | hrifnir | hrifnar | hrifin | |
accusative (þolfall) |
hrifinn | hrifna | hrifið | hrifna | hrifnar | hrifin | |
dative (þágufall) |
hrifnum | hrifinni | hrifnu | hrifnum | hrifnum | hrifnum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
hrifins | hrifinnar | hrifins | hrifinna | hrifinna | hrifinna | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
hrifni | hrifna | hrifna | hrifnu | hrifnu | hrifnu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
hrifna | hrifnu | hrifna | hrifnu | hrifnu | hrifnu | |
dative (þágufall) |
hrifna | hrifnu | hrifna | hrifnu | hrifnu | hrifnu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
hrifna | hrifnu | hrifna | hrifnu | hrifnu | hrifnu |
Derived terms
editCategories:
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/iːva
- Rhymes:Icelandic/iːva/2 syllables
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic feminine nouns
- Icelandic countable nouns
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic strong verbs
- Icelandic transitive verbs
- Icelandic intransitive verbs
- Icelandic terms with usage examples
- Icelandic class 1 strong verbs