gad
English
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ɡæd/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
- Rhymes: -æd
Etymology 1
editEuphemistic alteration of God.
Interjection
editgad
- An exclamation roughly equivalent to by God, goodness gracious, for goodness' sake.
- 1905, Edith Wharton, chapter 13, in The House of Mirth:
- That's the trouble — it was too easy for you — you got reckless — thought you could turn me inside out, and chuck me in the gutter like an empty purse. But, by gad, that ain't playing fair: that's dodging the rules of the game.
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editFrom Middle English gadden (“to hurry, to rush about”).
Verb
editgad (third-person singular simple present gads, present participle gadding, simple past and past participle gadded)
- (intransitive) To move from one location to another in an apparently random and frivolous manner.
- Synonym: gallivant
- 1852, Alice Cary, Clovernook ....[1]:
- This, I suppose, is the virgin who abideth still in the house with you. She is not given, I hope, to gadding overmuch, nor to vain and foolish decorations of her person with ear-rings and finger-rings, and crisping-pins: for such are unprofitable, yea, abominable.
- 1903, Howard Pyle, The Story of King Arthur and His Knights, Part III, Chapter Fourth, page 123
- So when he saw King Arthur he said: "Thou knave! Wherefore didst thou quit thy work to go a-gadding?"
- 1888–1891, Herman Melville, “[Billy Budd, Foretopman.] Chapter [HTTP://GUTENBERG.NET.AU/EBOOKS06/0608511H.HTML 19].”, in Billy Budd and Other Stories, London: John Lehmann, published 1951, →OCLC:
- But there is no telling the sacrament, seldom if in any case revealed to the gadding world, wherever under circumstances at all akin to those here attempted to be set forth, two of great Nature's nobler order embrace.
- 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XIII, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:
- If you are on the board of governors of a school and have contracted to supply an orator for the great day of the year, you can be forgiven for feeling a trifle jumpy when you learn that the silver-tongued one has gadded off to the metropolis, leaving no word as to when he will be returning, if ever.
- (of cattle) To run with the tail in the air, bent over the back, usually in an attempt to escape the warble fly.
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
|
Noun
editgad (plural gads)
Etymology 3
editFrom Middle English gade (“a fool, simpleton, rascal, scoundrel; bastard”), from Old English gada (“fellow, companion, comrade, associate”), from Proto-West Germanic *gadō, from Proto-Germanic *gadô, *gagadô (“companion, associate”), related to Proto-West Germanic *gaduling (“kinsman”). Cognate with Dutch gade (“spouse”), German Gatte (“male spouse, husband”). See also gadling.
Alternative forms
editNoun
editgad (plural gads)
- (Northern England, Scotland, derogatory) A greedy and/or stupid person.
- Get over here, ye good-for-nothing gadǃ
- 1913, George Gordon, The Auld Clay Biggin:
- Ye greedy ged, ye have taken the very breath out o' me.
References
editEtymology 4
editFrom Middle English gad, gadde, borrowed from Old Norse gaddr (“goad, spike”), from Proto-Germanic *gazdaz (“spike, rod, stake”).
Noun
editgad (plural gads)
- (especially UK, US, dialect) A goad, a sharp-pointed rod for driving cattle, horses, etc, or one with a whip or thong on the end for the same purpose.
- Hyponym: goad
- 1684, Meriton, Praise Ale, l. 100, in 1851, James Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps, The Yorkshire Anthology: A Collection of Ancient and Modern Ballads, Poems and Songs, Relating to the County of Yorkshire, page 71:
- Ist yoakes and bowes and gad and yoaksticks there?
- c. 1844, Prairie Farmer:
- Does your cow kick? Do not fly into a passion and pound her with a handspike, or trim her with a gad or a cow-hide.
- 1885 December 17, Detroit Free Press[2]:
- Twain finds his voice after a short search for it and when he impels it forward it is a good, strong, steady voice in harness until the driver becomes absent-minded, when it stops to rest, and then the gad must be used to drive it on again.
- 1888, “Robin Spraggon's Auld Grey Mare”, in The Monthly Chronicle of North-country Lore and Legend, page 171:
- Our thrifty dame, Mally, she rises soon at morn, She goes and tells the master I'm pulling up the corn; He clicks up the oxen gad and sair belabours me, For I'm Robin Spraggon's auld grey mare, ae how he's guided me!
- 1908, Folklore Society (Great Britain), Publications, page 288:
- On the morning of Palm-Sunday, the gamekeeper, some servant on the estate, brings with him a large gad or whip, with a long thong; the stock is made of the mountain ash, […]
- (UK, US, dialect) A rod or stick, such as a fishing rod or a measuring rod.
- 1836, A Collection of Right Merrie Garlands for North Country Anglers, page 4:
- And we'll prepare our limber gads,
Lang lines, and braw brass wheels;
- 1876, Armstrong, Wanny Blossoms, page 33:
- Seek out thy tackle, thy creel and thy gad.
- 1879, William Henderson, Folklore Society (Great Britain), Notes on the Folk-lore of the Northern Counties of England and the Borders:
- Woe to the lad / without a rowen-tree gad.
- 1896, Proudlock, Borderland Muse, page 268:
- We'll splice oor gads nigh Barra Mill, Beneath yon auld birk tree.
- (especially mining) A pointed metal tool for breaking or chiselling rock.
- c. 1588–1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Lamentable Tragedy of Titus Andronicus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:
- I will go get a leaf of brass, / And with a gad of steel will write these words.
- 2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 327:
- Frank was able to keep his eyes open long enough to check his bed with a miner's gad and douse the electric lamp
- (obsolete) A metal bar.
- 1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte d'Arthur, Book XV:
- they sette uppon hym and drew oute their swerdys to have slayne hym – but there wolde no swerde byghte on hym more than uppon a gadde of steele, for the Hyghe Lorde which he served, He hym preserved.
- 1677–1683, Joseph Moxon, “(please specify the page)”, in Mechanick Exercises, or The Doctrine of Handy-Works, […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: […] Joseph Moxon, published 1678–1683, →OCLC:
- Flemish steel […] some in bars and some in gads.
- 1836, Walter Scott, Guy Mannering, Or, The Astrologer: With the Author's Last Notes and Additions, page 372:
- When a man received sentence of death, he was put upon the gad as it was called, that is, secured to the bar of iron in the manner mentioned in the text. The practice subsisted in Edinburgh […]
- (dated, metallurgy) An indeterminate measure of metal produced by a furnace, sometimes equivalent to a bloom weighing around 100 pounds.
- 1957, H.R. Schubert, History of the British Iron and Steel Industry, page 146:
- Twice a day a 'gad' of iron, i.e., a bloom weighing 1 cwt. was produced, which took from six to seven hours.
- A spike on a gauntlet; a gadling.
- 1840, Charles Henry Hartshorne, An Endeavor to Classify the Sepulchral Remains in Northamptonshire, Or, a Discourse on Funeral Monuments in that County: Delivered Before the Members of the Religious and Useful Knowledge Society, at Northampton, page 35:
- Sometimes we see the knuckles ornamented with gads or gadlings.
- 1842, Ecclesiological Society, Illustrations of Monumental Brasses ..., page 70:
- His gauntlets have embroidered cuffs; there are gads or gadlings on the fingers.
- 1858, Edward Cave, The Gentleman's Magazine: Or, Monthly Intelligencer: Volume the first [-fifth], for the year 1731 [-1735] ..., page 215:
- Another curious device was that of arming the knuckles of the gauntlets with spikes (gads or gadlings), by which they became weapons as well as defences.
- 1992, Sir Guy Francis Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms Through Seven Centuries, page 214:
- On both finger joints are gads, which are beautifully faceted and brought to a point.
Derived terms
editTranslations
editSee also
edit- Baal-gad (etymologically unrelated)
Anagrams
editAfar
editPronunciation
editNoun
editgád m (plural gadoowá f or gaditté f or gadoodá f)
Declension
editDeclension of gád | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
absolutive | gád | |||||||||||||||||
predicative | gáda | |||||||||||||||||
subjective | gád | |||||||||||||||||
genitive | gaddí | |||||||||||||||||
|
References
edit- E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “gad”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[3], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
Danish
editPronunciation
editVerb
editgad
Fingallian
editEtymology
editNoun
editgad
- withe
- 1689 James Farewell, The Irish Hudibras, or, Fingallian prince taken from the sixth book of Virgil's Æneids, and adapted to the present times. (Appendix: "Alphabetical Table" of "Fingallian Words, or Irish Phrases"):
- Gad,
- A With.
- 1689 James Farewell, The Irish Hudibras, or, Fingallian prince taken from the sixth book of Virgil's Æneids, and adapted to the present times. (Appendix: "Alphabetical Table" of "Fingallian Words, or Irish Phrases"):
Haitian Creole
editEtymology
editNoun
editgad
Related terms
editVerb
editgad
- Alternative form of gade (“to watch”)
Irish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Irish gat,[3] from Proto-Celtic *gazdos, from late Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasdʰos (“branch ~ spear, sharp spine”), a root also connected to Proto-Germanic *gazdaz (“spike”), Latin hasta (“spear”).
Noun
editgad m (genitive singular gaid, nominative plural gaid)
Declension
editDerived terms
edit- gad bráid m (“scrofula”)
- gad brollaigh (“breast-strap”)
- gad tairr m (“bellyband, cinch”)
- pionós an ghaid (“garrotte”)
- ropaire gaid (“gallows-bird”)
Descendants
edit- → Fingallian: gad
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Irish gataid (“to take away”).[4]
Verb
editgad (present analytic gadann, future analytic gadfaidh, verbal noun gad, past participle gadta)
- (transitive, intransitive, literary) take away, remove; snatch, carry off
- Alternative form of goid
Conjugation
edit* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation
editIrish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
gad | ghad | ngad |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
edit- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 120
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 125, page 48
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gat”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gataid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Further reading
edit- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “gad”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “gad”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 344
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “gadaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 344
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “gad”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “gad”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Lower Sorbian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Slavic *gadъ (“serpent”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editgad m animal
Declension
editNoun
editgad m inan
Declension
editFurther reading
edit- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “gad”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999) “gad”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
Navajo
editPronunciation
editNoun
editgad
- juniper, cedar (especially Juniperus deppeana)
Polish
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editgad m animal
- reptile (cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia)
Declension
editDerived terms
editNoun
editgad m pers
- scoundrel (villain)
Declension
editFurther reading
editScots
editEtymology 1
editUnknown. Possibly from gaud (“a bar of iron; a rod”). Alternatively, compare Icelandic gaddr (“packed snow”). Attested from the 19th century.[1]
Noun
editgad (plural gads)
Etymology 2
editUnknown. Attested from the 20th century.[2] Compare caddle, cad (“stones used to play the game of cherry pit”). Compare also Scottish Gaelic gad (“a twig, stick”).
Noun
editgad (plural gads)
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ “gad, n.1” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
- ^ “gad, n.2” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Scottish Gaelic
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editgad
- you (informal singular, direct object)
- Bruidhinn nas labhaire, chan eil mi gad chluinntinn ceart. ― Speak louder, I don't hear you well.
Usage notes
edit- Lenites the following word.
Related terms
editEtymology 2
editFrom Old Irish gat, from Proto-Celtic *gazdo-, from late Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasto- or *ǵʰasdʰo- (“branch ~ spear, sharp spine”), a root also connected to Proto-Germanic *gazdaz (“spike”), Latin hasta (“spear”).
Noun
editgad m (genitive singular gaid, plural gaid or gadan)
Etymology 3
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Conjunction
editgad
- Alternative form of ged
Mutation
editScottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
gad | ghad |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Serbo-Croatian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.
Noun
editgȁd m (Cyrillic spelling га̏д)
Declension
editSomali
editVerb
editgad
- to buy
Torres Strait Creole
editNoun
editgad
Usage notes
editGad or smol koknat is the third stage of coconut growth. It is preceded by giru (eastern dialect) or musu koknat (western dialect), and followed by kopespes.
Veps
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Russian гад (gad).
Noun
editgad
Inflection
editInflection of gad (inflection type 5/sana) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | gad | ||
genitive sing. | gadan | ||
partitive sing. | gadad | ||
partitive plur. | gadoid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | gad | gadad | |
accusative | gadan | gadad | |
genitive | gadan | gadoiden | |
partitive | gadad | gadoid | |
essive-instructive | gadan | gadoin | |
translative | gadaks | gadoikš | |
inessive | gadas | gadoiš | |
elative | gadaspäi | gadoišpäi | |
illative | gadaha | gadoihe | |
adessive | gadal | gadoil | |
ablative | gadalpäi | gadoilpäi | |
allative | gadale | gadoile | |
abessive | gadata | gadoita | |
comitative | gadanke | gadoidenke | |
prolative | gadadme | gadoidme | |
approximative I | gadanno | gadoidenno | |
approximative II | gadannoks | gadoidennoks | |
egressive | gadannopäi | gadoidennopäi | |
terminative I | gadahasai | gadoihesai | |
terminative II | gadalesai | gadoilesai | |
terminative III | gadassai | — | |
additive I | gadahapäi | gadoihepäi | |
additive II | gadalepäi | gadoilepäi |
Volapük
editNoun
editgad (nominative plural gads)
Declension
editDerived terms
editWelsh
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editNoun
editgad
- Soft mutation of cad.
Mutation
editWelsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
cad | gad | nghad | chad |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Etymology 2
editAlternative forms
editVerb
editgad
Mutation
editWestern Apache
editPronunciation
editNoun
editgad
- cedar or juniper tree, especially Juniperus deppeana.
References
edit- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/æd
- Rhymes:English/æd/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English interjections
- English terms with quotations
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Northern England English
- Scottish English
- English derogatory terms
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms derived from Old Norse
- British English
- American English
- English dialectal terms
- en:Mining
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English dated terms
- en:Metallurgy
- en:Gaits
- en:People
- en:Tools
- en:Armor
- Afar terms with IPA pronunciation
- Afar lemmas
- Afar nouns
- Afar masculine nouns
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish non-lemma forms
- Danish verb forms
- Fingallian terms borrowed from Irish
- Fingallian terms derived from Irish
- Fingallian lemmas
- Fingallian nouns
- Fingallian terms with quotations
- Haitian Creole terms derived from French
- Haitian Creole lemmas
- Haitian Creole nouns
- Haitian Creole verbs
- ht:Occupations
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish obsolete forms
- Irish first-declension nouns
- Irish verbs
- Irish transitive verbs
- Irish intransitive verbs
- Irish literary terms
- Irish first-conjugation verbs of class A
- Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian lemmas
- Lower Sorbian nouns
- Lower Sorbian masculine nouns
- Lower Sorbian animal nouns
- Lower Sorbian terms with archaic senses
- Lower Sorbian inanimate nouns
- dsb:Poisons
- dsb:Snakes
- Navajo terms with IPA pronunciation
- Navajo lemmas
- Navajo nouns
- nv:Plants
- nv:Trees
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/at
- Rhymes:Polish/at/1 syllable
- Polish terms with homophones
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish animal nouns
- Polish personal nouns
- pl:Reptiles
- pl:Snakes
- Scots terms with unknown etymologies
- Scots lemmas
- Scots nouns
- Scottish Gaelic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scottish Gaelic lemmas
- Scottish Gaelic pronouns
- Scottish Gaelic terms with usage examples
- Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Old Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Old Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Scottish Gaelic nouns
- Scottish Gaelic masculine nouns
- Scottish Gaelic conjunctions
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- Serbo-Croatian derogatory terms
- sh:People
- sh:Reptiles
- Somali lemmas
- Somali verbs
- Torres Strait Creole lemmas
- Torres Strait Creole nouns
- Veps terms borrowed from Russian
- Veps terms derived from Russian
- Veps lemmas
- Veps nouns
- Veps sana-type nominals
- vep:Reptiles
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük nouns
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Welsh/aːd
- Rhymes:Welsh/aːd/1 syllable
- Welsh non-lemma forms
- Welsh mutated nouns
- Welsh soft-mutation forms
- Welsh verb forms
- Welsh literary terms
- Western Apache terms with IPA pronunciation
- Western Apache lemmas
- Western Apache nouns
- apw:Cypress family plants