ex-
English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Middle English, from words borrowed from Middle French; from Latin ex (“out of, from”), from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ-, *eǵs- (“out”), *eǵʰs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐξ (ex, “out of, from”), Transalpine Gaulish ex- (“out”), Old Irish ess- (“out”), Old Church Slavonic изъ (izŭ, “out”), Russian из (iz, “from, out of”).
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): (hyphened always) /ɛks/
- IPA(key): (unhyphened with primary or secondary stress) /ɛks/, (before a vowel) /ɛɡz/
- IPA(key): (unhyphened unstressed) /ɪks/, (before a vowel) /ɪɡz/
Prefix
editex-
- out of
- borrowed from Latin: extract, expel, except, expression, exclusion
- outside
- ex-directory; borrowed from Latin: exterior
- former
- 1969 December 7, “Full Frontal Nudity”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus[1], season 1, episode 8, spoken by Mr Praline (John Cleese), Dead Parrot sketch:
- This parrot is no more. It has ceased to be. It's expired and gone to see its maker. This is a late parrot. It's a stiff. Bereft of life, it rests in peace. If you hadn't nailed it to the perch it would be pushing up the daisies. It's run down the curtain and joined the choir invisible. This is an ex-parrot.
- (biology) Lacking, not possessing.
Usage notes
edit- Sometimes the x in ex- is elided before certain constants, being reduced to e- (as, e.g., in ejaculate and egregious which are borrowed from Latin).
- Words derived from ex- in the sense of former are usually formed with a hyphen. Using hyphen is recommended by GPO manual.[1]
Synonyms
editAntonyms
editDerived terms
editDerived words without entries:
- ex-actor
- ex-atheist
- ex-athlete
- ex-Beatle
- ex-boss
- ex-CEO
- ex-CFO
- ex-Christian
- ex-colleague
- ex-consul
- ex-councillor
- ex-Czar
- ex-dictator
- ex-director
- ex-doctor
- ex-drummer
- ex-emperor
- ex-employee
- ex-fighter
- ex-fighter pilot
- ex-friend
- ex-governor
- ex-guitarist
- ex-Hindu
- ex-Jesuit
- ex-Jew
- ex-Jewish
- ex-judge
- ex-Kaiser
- ex-lover
- ex-manager
- ex-mayor
- ex-minister
- ex-Muslim
- ex-official
- ex-organ grinder
- ex-piano player
- ex-pilot
- ex-policeman
- ex-police officer
- ex-praetor
- ex-priest
- ex-programmer
- ex-scientist
- ex-Scientologist
- ex-senator
- ex-sergeant
- ex-soldier
- ex-statistician
- ex-student
Translations
editformer
|
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ 6. Compounding Rules in U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual, govinfo.gov
Further reading
edit- “ex-”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “ex-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- “ex-”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
- “ex-”, in Collins English Dictionary.
- ex- in Britannica Dictionary
- John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “ex-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.
- John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “ex-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.
Anagrams
editCzech
editPrefix
editex-
- ex- (former)
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- ex- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
Dutch
editEtymology
editBorrowed from French ex-, from Latin ex-.
Pronunciation
editPrefix
editex-
- ex- (former, but still living)
Derived terms
editFinnish
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editPrefix
editex-
Synonyms
editFrench
editPrefix
editex-
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “ex-”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
German
editPronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Prefix
editex-
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “ex-” in Duden online
Hungarian
editPronunciation
editPrefix
editex-
- ex- (former)
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- ex- in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Italian
editPrefix
editex-
Latin
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editThe preposition ex, ē used in combination.
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /eks/, [ɛks̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /eks/, [eks]
Prefix
editex-
- out, away
- throughout
- (intensive) thoroughly
- denoting achievement
- up
- denoting privation
Derived terms
editDescendants
editReferences
edit- “ex-” on pages 629–630 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
Middle English
editAlternative forms
edit- ef- (before f)
Etymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
editex-
Derived terms
editPortuguese
editEtymology
editPronunciation
edit
- Homophones: ex, -ês, Es (without /j/), eis (with /j/)
Prefix
editex-
- ex- (former)
Usage notes
editAlways used with a hyphen.
Derived terms
editSlovak
editPrefix
editex-
- ex- (former)
Derived terms
editSpanish
editEtymology
editPrefix
editex-
- ex- (former)
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “ex-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish
editPrefix
editex-
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editReferences
editCategories:
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English prefixes
- English terms with quotations
- en:Biology
- English productive prefixes
- Czech lemmas
- Czech prefixes
- Czech terms spelled with X
- Dutch terms borrowed from French
- Dutch terms derived from French
- Dutch terms derived from Latin
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
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- Finnish terms borrowed from English
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- Finnish informal terms
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- Slovak terms spelled with X
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- Swedish prefixes