bil-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "bil"

Maltese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɪl/

Preposition

bil-

1. definite form of b’ used before vowels or qamri consonants.

   bil-ħabi ― with secrecy

Derived terms

• bilfors
• bilġri
• bilħaqq
• bilkemm
• billejl
• bilqiegħda
• bilwieqfa

 

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish بالـ (bil-), from the combination of Arabic بِـ (bi-) ‎ اَلْ (al-).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bil/

Suffix

bil-

1. Derives adverbs mainly from nouns, in some cases from adjectives or pronouns.

   ‎bil- ‎akis (“reflection, effect”) → ‎bilakis (“on the contrary”)

   ‎bil- ‎fiil (“work, deed, verb”) → ‎bilfiil (“in fact, actively, effectively”)

   ‎bil- ‎mukabele (“return, response”) → ‎bilmukabele (“as a response, likewise, same to you”)

   ‎bil- ‎(archaic) hassa (“feature, trait”) → ‎bilhassa (“especially, specifically”)

   ‎bil- ‎umum (“everybody”, pron.) → ‎(dated) bilumum (“all, all of”)

2. Sometimes the "-l" is assimilated to the consonant that follows it, in accordance with Arabic rules of derivation.

   ‎biz- ‎zat (“person”) → ‎bizzat (“personally, on one's own”)

   ‎bit- ‎tabi (“natural”, adj.) → ‎(dated) bittabi (“naturally”)

   ‎bin- ‎netice (“result”) → ‎(archaic) binnetice (“as a result”)

Derived terms

Turkish terms prefixed with bil-

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “bi-¹”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 592