Wiktionary

béim

See also: beim

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish béim, from Proto-Celtic *beisman, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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béim f (genitive singular béime, nominative plural béimeanna)

  1. a blow (act of striking or hitting), stroke (blow or hit)
    Synonyms: buille, cíonán
  2. emphasis (special weight or forcefulness given to something considered important), stress (on a point in an argument)
  3. (music) beat (pulse on the beat level)
    Synonym: buille
  4. (phonology) accent (stronger articulation), stress
    Synonyms: aiceann, béim ghutha

Declension

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Declension of béim

Second declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative béim béimeanna
Vocative a bhéim a bhéimeanna
Genitive béime béimeanna
Dative béim béimeanna

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an bhéim na béimeanna
Genitive na béime na mbéimeanna
Dative leis an mbéim

don bhéim

leis na béimeanna

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
béim bhéim mbéim
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *beisman (Breton boem, Cornish bom), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (whence also the corresponding verb benaid) *-smn̥.[1] Thurneysen, however, suggests that *beisman is from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split”), making it a suppletive paradigm.[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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béim n (genitive béimme, nominative plural béimmen)

  1. verbal noun of benaid: a blow (act of striking or hitting), stroke (blow or hit)
    Synonym: bíth
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 4d15
      In Belzefuth: is béss didu ind lïacc benir il-béim friss, et intí do·thuit foir ɔ·boing a chnámi, intí fora tuit-som immurgu at·bail-side.
      The Beelzebub: it is the custom, then, of the stone that many blows are hit against it, and he who falls upon it breaks his bones; however, he whom it falls on perishes
    • The Old Irish Table of Penitential Commutations, published in Ériu 19 (1962, Royal Irish Academy), pp. 47-72, edited and with translations by D. A. Binchy, §12
      Arrae throiscti hi mminpectu choitcend .i. "Ałł ałł manus tuas dne..." usque "...veritatis", Pr. Nr. co forcend. Canar in sin hi crosfigill fo trichait ⁊ trichait slechtan ⁊ trichae mbemmend du abuind inna degad dide.
      Commutation of a fast for ordinary minor sins: Alleluia, alleluia, in manus tuas Domine... as far as veritatis and a full Pater Noster. This is sung thirty times in cross-vigil, and [during the] thirty genuflexions and thirty blows with a whip afterwards.

Declension

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Neuter n-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative béimN béimN béimmenL
Vocative béimN béimN béimmenL
Accusative béimN béimN béimmenL
Genitive béimme béimmenN béimmenN
Dative béimmimL, béim béimmenaib béimmenaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Irish: béim
  • Scottish Gaelic: beum

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
béim béim
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ 		mbéim
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bē-sman”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 64
  2. ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 735, page 453.

Further reading

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