aliqui

Latin

Etymology

From ali- (“some-”) ‎ quī (“which”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈa.li.kʷiː/, [ˈälʲɪkʷiː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈa.li.kwi/, [ˈäːlikwi]

Determiner

aliquī or aliquis (feminine aliqua, neuter aliquod); indeclinable portion with a relative/interrogative pronoun

(determiner) some, any
(pronoun) someone, something, anyone, anything

Declension

Indefinite determiner.

	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
	singular			plural
nominative	aliquī aliquis¹	aliqua²	aliquod	aliquī	aliquae²	aliqua²
genitive	alicuius³			aliquōrum	aliquārum	aliquōrum
dative	alicui⁴			aliquīs⁵ aliquibus
accusative	aliquem	aliquam	aliquod	aliquōs	aliquās	aliqua²
ablative	aliquō	aliquā	aliquō	aliquīs⁵ aliquibus

¹Normatively, aliquī is a determiner (used adjectivally) and aliquis is a pronoun (used substantively), but the opposite usages can be found, even among the best Classical writers.
²The feminine nominative singular form is usually aliqua, but there are a handful of possible examples of aliquae as a feminine nominative singular form; see Citations:aliquae. The feminine nominative plural can only be aliquae, and there are perhaps no solid examples of the neuter nominative/accusative plural taking any form other than aliqua.
³Alternative spelling aliquoius (used in Republican Latin or earlier).
⁴Alternative spelling aliquoi (used in Republican Latin or earlier).
⁵Alternative spelling aliqueis (used in Republican Latin or earlier).

Derived terms

*alicūnus (Vulgar Latin)

Related terms

Latin correlatives ^(edit)

type	demonstrative			anaphoric	identity	interrogative/ relative	indefinite					negative	other
type	proximal	medial	distal	anaphoric	identity	interrogative/ relative	relative	indefinite	free choice	universal	negative polarity	negative	other
basic	hic	iste, istic	ille, illic	is	ipse, īdem	quis/quī	quisquis, quīcumque	quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiam	quīvis, quīlibet	quisque	quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam	nēmō, nihil, nūllus	alius
dual						uter	utercumque	alteruter	utervīs, uterlibet	uterque		neuter	alter
place	hīc	istīc	illīc	ibī̆	ibī̆dem	ubī̆	ubiubi, ubī̆cumque	alicubī, uspiam	ubivīs, ubilibet	ubīque	usquam	nusquam, nūllibī	alibī, aliās
source	hinc	istinc	illinc	inde	indidem	unde	undecumque, undeunde	alicunde	°undelibet	undique			aliunde
destination	hūc, °hōrsum	istūc, °istōrsum	illūc, °illōrsum	eō	eōdem	quō, quōrsum	quōquō, quōcumque	aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum	quōvīs, quōlibet		quōquam	nusquam, nūllōrsum	aliō, aliōrsum
method, means, path, place	hāc	istāc	illāc	eā	eādem	quā	quāquā, quācumque	aliquā	quāvīs, quālibet	quāque		nēquāquam, haudquāquam	aliā
manner	hōc modō	istō modō	illō modō	ita, sīc, eō modō	item, itidem	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque	quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō	quōmodolibet	utīque	ūllō modō	nūllō modō	aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
time	num, nunc		ōlim	tum, tunc	simul	quandō, ‡cum	cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque	quondam, aliquandō	quandōlibet	quandōque	umquam	numquam	aliās
quantity				tam	†tamen, †tandem	quam	†quamquam	aliquam	quamvīs, quamlibet
size				tantus	tantusdem	quantus	quantuscumque	aliquantus	quantusvīs, quantuslibet
quality				tālis		quālis	quālis, quāliscumque	aliquālis	quālislibet
number				tot	totidem	quot	quotquot, quotcumque	aliquot	quotlibet
order				totus		quotus	quotuscumque	aliquotus	quotuslibet
repetition				totiēns		quotiēns	quotiēnscumque	aliquotiēns	quotiēnslibet
multiplication				totuplex		quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare ‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative

References

“aliqui”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“aliqui”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
aliqui in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) make way for any one: (de via) decedere alicui
- (ambiguous) to meet any one: obviam ire alicui
- (ambiguous) to go to meet some one: obviam venire alicui
- (ambiguous) to send to meet a person: obviam alicui aliquem mittere
- (ambiguous) a crowd throngs around some one: multitudo circumfunditur alicui
- (ambiguous) to have time for a thing: tempus habere alicui rei
- (ambiguous) to devote time to anything: tempus tribuere alicui rei
- (ambiguous) to listen to a person: aures praebere alicui
- (ambiguous) to whisper something in a person's ears: in aurem alicui dicere (insusurrare) aliquid
- (ambiguous) to come to some one's ears: ad aures alicuius (not alicui) pervenire, accidere
- (ambiguous) to break a person's neck: cervices (in Cic. only in plur.) frangere alicui or alicuius
- (ambiguous) to give one's hand to some one: manum (dextram) alicui porrigere
- (ambiguous) to lay violent hands on a person: manus inicere, inferre, afferre alicui
- (ambiguous) to wrest from a person's hand: ex or de manibus alicui or alicuius extorquere aliquid
- (ambiguous) to dazzle a person: oculorum aciem alicui praestringere (also simply praestringere)
- (ambiguous) to show oneself to some one: se in conspectum dare alicui
- (ambiguous) to suffocate a person: spiritum intercludere alicui
- (ambiguous) to be older than: aetate alicui antecedere, anteire
- (ambiguous) to make a person laugh: risum elicere (more strongly excutere) alicui
- (ambiguous) to move to tears: lacrimas or fletum alicui movere
- (ambiguous) to perform the last rites for a person: iusta facere, solvere alicui
- (ambiguous) to carry out the funeral obsequies: funus alicui facere, ducere (Cluent. 9. 28)
- (ambiguous) to give funeral games in honour of a person: ludos funebres alicui dare
- (ambiguous) to finish, complete, fulfil, accomplish a thing: finem imponere, afferre, constituere alicui rei
- (ambiguous) to put the matter entirely in some one's hands: omnium rerum arbitrium alicui permittere
- (ambiguous) to give a man the opportunity of doing a thing: occasionem alicui dare, praebere alicuius rei or ad aliquid faciendum
- (ambiguous) to give a man the opportunity of doing a thing: facultatem alicui dare alicuius rei or ut possit...
- (ambiguous) to give a man the opportunity of doing a thing: potestatem, copiam alicui dare, facere with Gen. gerund.
- (ambiguous) to deprive a man of the chance of doing a thing: facultatem, potestatem alicui eripere, adimere
- (ambiguous) to bring mishap, ruin on a person: calamitatem, pestem inferre alicui
- (ambiguous) to compass, devise a man's overthrow, ruin: pestem alicui (in aliquem) machinari
- (ambiguous) to compass, devise a man's overthrow, ruin: perniciem (exitium) alicui afferre, moliri, parare
- (ambiguous) dangers threaten a man: pericula alicui impendent, imminent
- (ambiguous) to endanger, imperil a person or thing: alicui periculum creare, conflare
- (ambiguous) to bring aid to; to rescue: auxilium, opem, salutem ferre alicui
- (ambiguous) to come to assist any one: auxilio alicui venire
- (ambiguous) to assist, stand by a person: adesse alicui or alicuius rebus (opp. deesse)
- (ambiguous) to deliver, rescue a person: salutem alicui afferre
- (ambiguous) to do harm to, injure any one: damnum inferre, afferre alicui
- (ambiguous) to show kindness to..: benevolentiam alicui praestare, in aliquem conferre
- (ambiguous) to be popular with; to stand well with a person: gratiosum esse alicui or apud aliquem
- (ambiguous) to look favourably upon; to support: studere, favere alicui
- (ambiguous) to comply with a person's wishes; to humour: alicui morem gerere, obsequi
- (ambiguous) to do any one a (great) favour: gratum (gratissimum) alicui facere
- (ambiguous) to do any one a service or kindness: beneficium alicui dare, tribuere
- (ambiguous) to owe gratitude to; to be under an obligation to a person: gratiam alicui debere
- (ambiguous) to feel gratitude (in one's heart): gratiam alicui habere
- (ambiguous) to show gratitude (in one's acts): gratiam alicui referre (meritam, debitam) pro aliqua re
- (ambiguous) to thank a person (in words): gratias alicui agere pro aliqua re
- (ambiguous) to consider of importance; to set much (some) store by a thing: multum (aliquid) alicui rei tribuere
- (ambiguous) to value, esteem a person: multum alicui tribuere
- (ambiguous) to reward a man according to his deserts: meritum praemium alicui persolvere
- (ambiguous) to award the prize to..: palmam deferre, dare alicui
- (ambiguous) to accede to a man's petitions: alicui petenti satisfacere, non deesse
- (ambiguous) to refuse, reject a request: negare, more strongly denegare alicui aliquid
- (ambiguous) to refuse, reject a request: petenti alicui negare aliquid
- (ambiguous) to entrust a matter to a person; to commission: mandatum, negotium alicui dare
- (ambiguous) to reconcile two people; to be a mediator: placare aliquem alicui or in aliquem
- (ambiguous) to reconcile two people; to be a mediator: reconciliare alicuius animum or simply aliquem alicui
- (ambiguous) to be reconciled; to make up a quarrel: sibi aliquem, alicuius animum reconciliare or reconciliari alicui
- (ambiguous) to praise, extol, commend a person: laudem tribuere, impertire alicui
- (ambiguous) to consider a thing creditable to a man: aliquid laudi alicui ducere, dare
- (ambiguous) to reproach a person with..: exprobrare alicui aliquid
- (ambiguous) to reproach a person with..: aliquid alicui crimini dare, vertere
- (ambiguous) to detract from a person's reputation, wilfully underestimate a person: alicuius gloriae or simply alicui obtrectare
- (ambiguous) to damage a person's character, bring him into bad odour: infamiam alicui inferre, aspergere
- (ambiguous) to honour, show respect for, a person: honorem alicui habere, tribuere
- (ambiguous) to set up a statue in some one's honour: statuam alicui ponere, constituere
- (ambiguous) to inflict an indignity upon, insult a person: alicui ignominiam inurere
- (ambiguous) to injure a man's character, tarnish his honour: notam turpitudinis alicui or vitae alicuius inurere
- (ambiguous) to expend great labour on a thing: egregiam operam (multum, plus etc. operae) dare alicui rei
- (ambiguous) to expend great labour on a thing: operam alicui rei tribuere, in aliquid conferre
- (ambiguous) to be engaged upon a matter: intentum esse alicui rei
- (ambiguous) to give a person trouble, inconvenience him: negotium alicui facessere (Fam. 3. 10. 1)
- (ambiguous) to undeceive a person: alicui errorem demere, eripere, extorquere
- (ambiguous) to give a person his choice: optionem alicui dare (Acad. 2. 7. 19)
- (ambiguous) to offer a person the alternative of... or..: optionem alicui dare, utrum...an
- (ambiguous) to relieve a person of his doubts: dubitationem alicui tollere
- (ambiguous) to give a person advice: consilium dare alicui
- (ambiguous) to give a person advice: auctorem esse alicui, ut
- (ambiguous) to retard, delay a thing: moram alicui rei afferre, inferre, facere
- (ambiguous) to detain a person: in mora alicui esse
- (ambiguous) to entrust a child to the tuition of..: puerum alicui erudiendum or in disciplinam tradere
- (ambiguous) to become a pupil, disciple of some one: operam dare or simply se dare alicui, se tradere in disciplinam alicuius, se conferre, se applicare ad aliquem
- (ambiguous) to spur, urge a person on: calcaria alicui adhibere, admovere; stimulos alicui admovere
- (ambiguous) to restrain some one: frenos adhibere alicui
- (ambiguous) to inculcate good (bad) principles: bene (male) praecipere alicui
- (ambiguous) to prove one's point to a person's satisfaction: aliquid alicui probare (or c. Acc. c. Inf.)
- (ambiguous) to object, to adduce in contradiction: opponere alicui aliquid
- (ambiguous) to contradict some one: dicere contra aliquem or aliquid (not contradicere alicui)
- (ambiguous) to applaud, clap a person: plausum dare (alicui)
- (ambiguous) to set some one a theme for discussion: ponere alicui, de quo disputet
- (ambiguous) to charge some one with a letter for some one else: epistulam dare alicui ad aliquem
- (ambiguous) to deliver a letter to some one (used of the messenger): epistulam reddere alicui (Att. 5. 21. 4)
- (ambiguous) to give pleasure to some one: afferre alicui laetitiam
- (ambiguous) to add the crowning point to a person's joy: cumulum gaudii alicui afferre (vid. sect. V. 6) (Fam. 16. 21. 1)
- (ambiguous) to cause a person pain: dolorem alicui facere, afferre, commovere
- (ambiguous) to cause any one very acute pain: acerbum dolorem alicui inurere
- (ambiguous) to free a person from his pain: dolorem alicui eripere (Att. 9. 6. 4)
- (ambiguous) to inspire fear, terror: timorem, terrorem alicui inicere, more strongly incutere
- (ambiguous) terror, panic seizes some one: terror incidit alicui
- (ambiguous) terror, panic seizes some one: terror invadit in aliquem (rarely alicui, after Livy aliquem)
- (ambiguous) to take courage: animus alicui accedit, crescit
- (ambiguous) to succeed in encouraging a person: animum facere, addere alicui
- (ambiguous) to increase a person's courage: animum alicui augere (B. G. 7. 70)
- (ambiguous) to inspire any one with hope: spem alicui facere, afferre, inicere
- (ambiguous) to lead some one to expect..: spem proponere alicui
- (ambiguous) to rouse a vain, groundless hope in some one's mind: spem falsam alicui ostendere
- (ambiguous) to deprive a person of hope: spem alicui adimere, tollere, auferre, eripere
- (ambiguous) to weaken, diminish a person's hope: spem alicui or alicuius minuere
- (ambiguous) to excite some one's pity: misericordiam alicui commovere
- (ambiguous) to pardon some one: alicui veniam dare (alicuius rei)
- (ambiguous) to be dear to some one: carum esse alicui
- (ambiguous) to be dear to some one: carum atque iucundum esse alicui
- (ambiguous) to be some one's favourite: in amore et deliciis esse alicui (active in deliciis habere aliquem)
- (ambiguous) to fill a person with astonishment: admirationem alicui movere
- (ambiguous) to believe a person: fidem habere alicui
- (ambiguous) to make some one believe a thing: fidem alicuius rei facere alicui
- (ambiguous) to believe in, trust in a thing: fidem tribuere, adiungere alicui rei
- (ambiguous) to rob a person of his credit: fidem abrogare, derogare alicui
- (ambiguous) to put confidence in some one: confidere alicui (but aliqua re)
- (ambiguous) to entrust a thing to a person's good faith: committere aliquid alicui or alicuius fidei
- (ambiguous) to put oneself entirely in some one's hands: totum se committere, tradere alicui
- (ambiguous) to keep faith with a person, keep one's word: fidem praestare alicui
- (ambiguous) to confirm, ratify, sanction something: fidem addere alicui rei
- (ambiguous) to give one's word that..: fidem dare alicui (opp. accipere) (c. Acc. c. Inf.)
- (ambiguous) to make a thing credible: fidem facere, afferre alicui rei (opp. demere, de-, abrogare fidem)
- (ambiguous) to rouse a person's suspicions: suspicionem movere, excitare, inicere, dare alicui
- (ambiguous) to make a person suspected: aliquem in suspicionem adducere (alicui), aliquem suspectum reddere
- (ambiguous) to be suspected by some one: in suspicionem alicui venire
- (ambiguous) to be hated by some one: invisum esse alicui
- (ambiguous) to be hated by some one: odio, invidiae esse alicui
- (ambiguous) to be hated by some one: in invidia esse alicui
- (ambiguous) to incur a person's hatred: in odium, in invidiam venire alicui
- (ambiguous) to make a person odious, unpopular: invidiam alicui conflare (Catil. 1. 9. 23)
- (ambiguous) to make a person odious, unpopular: invidiam, odium ex-, concitare alicui, in aliquem
- (ambiguous) to excite a person's wrath: stomachum, bilem alicui movere
- (ambiguous) to wrong a person: iniuriam inferre, facere alicui
- (ambiguous) to give some one satisfaction for an injury: satisfacere alicui pro (de) iniuriis
- (ambiguous) to use violence against some one: vim adhibere, facere alicui
- (ambiguous) to do violence to a person: vim inferre alicui
- (ambiguous) to kill with violence: vim et manus afferre alicui (Catil. 1. 8. 21)
- (ambiguous) to waylay a person: insidias alicui parare, facere, struere, instruere, tendere
- (ambiguous) to threaten some one with death, crucifixion, torture, war: minitari (minari) alicui mortem, crucem et tormenta, bellum
- (ambiguous) to threaten with fire and sword: minitari alicui igni ferroque (Phil. 13. 9. 21)
- (ambiguous) to deceive a person, throw dust in his eyes: verba dare alicui (Att. 15. 16)
- (ambiguous) to make sport of, rally a person: illudere alicui or in aliquem (more rarely aliquem)
- (ambiguous) to serve as some one's butt: ludibrio esse alicui
- (ambiguous) to have an inclination for a thing: studere alicui rei, studiosum esse alicuius rei
- (ambiguous) to set a limit to a thing: modum facere, statuere, constituere alicui rei or alicuius rei
- (ambiguous) to give moral advice, rules of conduct: morum praecepta tradere alicui
- (ambiguous) to give moral advice, rules of conduct: de virtute praecipere alicui
- (ambiguous) to pay divine honours to some one: alicui divinos honores tribuere, habere
- (ambiguous) to inspire some one with religious scruples: religionem alicui afferre, inicere, incutere
- (ambiguous) to make a thing a matter of conscience, be scrupulous about a thing: aliquid in religionem alicui venit
- (ambiguous) to swear an oath to a person: iusiurandum dare alicui
- (ambiguous) to bless (curse) a person: precari alicui bene (male) or omnia bona (mala), salutem
- (ambiguous) the omens are favourable to some one: aves (alites, oscines) addīcunt alicui (opp. abdicunt aliquid)
- (ambiguous) to give up a thing to some one else: possessione alicuius rei cedere alicui (Mil. 27. 75)
- (ambiguous) to set food before a person: cibum apponere, ponere alicui
- (ambiguous) to give some one to drink: alicui bibere dare
- (ambiguous) to serve some one with drink: alicui bibere ministrare
- (ambiguous) to provide some one with a livelihood: omnes ad vitam copias suppeditare alicui
- (ambiguous) to invite oneself to some one's house for dinner: condicere alicui (ad cenam)
- (ambiguous) to set a repast before a person: cenam alicui apponere
- (ambiguous) to attach oneself to a person's society: socium se adiungere alicui
- (ambiguous) to give audience to some one: sui potestatem facere, praebere alicui
- (ambiguous) to give audience to some one: conveniendi aditum dare alicui
- (ambiguous) to greet a person: salutem alicui dicere, impertire, nuntiare
- (ambiguous) to add to one's letter good wishes to some one: adscribere alicui salutem (Att. 5. 20. 9)
- (ambiguous) to give one's right hand to some one: dextram alicui porrigere, dare
- (ambiguous) to congratulate a person on something: gratulari alicui aliquid or de aliqua re
- (ambiguous) to betroth one's daughter to some one: filiam alicui despondere
- (ambiguous) to marry (of the woman): nubere alicui
- (ambiguous) to be married to some one: nuptam esse cum aliquo or alicui
- (ambiguous) to give one's daughter in marriage to some-one: filiam alicui in matrimonio or in matrimonium collocare or simply filiam alicui collocare
- (ambiguous) to give one's daughter in marriage to some-one: filiam alicui in matrimonium dare
- (ambiguous) to give one's daughter in marriage to some-one: filiam alicui nuptum dare
- (ambiguous) to separate, be divorced (used of man or woman): nuntium remittere alicui (De Or. 1. 40)
- (ambiguous) to separate, be divorced (used of man or woman): repudium dicere or scribere alicui
- (ambiguous) to leave money to a person in one's will: pecuniam alicui legare
- (ambiguous) to be some one's heir: heredem esse alicui
- (ambiguous) to fix a price for a thing: pretium alicui rei statuere, constituere (Att. 13. 22)
- (ambiguous) to pay cash: pecuniam numerare alicui (Att. 16. 16)
- (ambiguous) to owe some one money: pecuniam alicui debere
- (ambiguous) to lend some one money (without interest): pecuniam alicui credere (sine fenore, usuris)
- (ambiguous) to lend, borrow money at interest: pecuniam fenori (fenore) alicui dare, accipere ab aliquo
- (ambiguous) to lend money to some one: pecuniam alicui mutuam dare
- (ambiguous) to put a thing down to a man's account: alicui expensum ferre aliquid
- (ambiguous) to put down to a man's credit: alicui acceptum referre aliquid (Verr. 2. 70. 170)
- (ambiguous) to rob a person of his credit: fidem derogare alicui
- (ambiguous) to present a person with the freedom of the city: civitatem alicui dare, tribuere, impertire
- (ambiguous) to give the palm, the first place (for wisdom) to some one: primas (e.g. sapientiae) alicui deferre, tribuere, concedere
- (ambiguous) to proscribe a person, declare him an outlaw: aqua et igni interdicere alicui
- (ambiguous) to restore to a person his confiscated property: bona alicui restituere
- (ambiguous) to banish a person from Italy: interdicere alicui Italiā
- (ambiguous) to confer supreme power on a person: imperium, rerum summam deferre alicui
- (ambiguous) to give some one unlimited power in state affairs: rem publicam alicui permittere
- (ambiguous) to invest some one with royal power: alicui regnum deferre, tradere
- (ambiguous) to lay the yoke of slavery on some one: alicui servitutem iniungere, imponere
- (ambiguous) to deliver some one from slavery: iugum servile alicui demere
- (ambiguous) to impose tribute on some one: vectigalia, tributa alicui imponere
- (ambiguous) to entrust some one with an official duty, a province: provinciam alicui decernere, mandare
- (ambiguous) the province of Syria has fallen to some one's lot: alicui Syria (sorte) obvēnit, obtigit
- (ambiguous) to elect a man to fill the place of another who has died whilst in office: sufficere aliquem in alicuius locum or alicui
- (ambiguous) to succeed a person in an office: alicui or in alicuius locum succedere
- (ambiguous) to succeed some one as general: alicui imperatori succedere
- (ambiguous) to prolong some one's office for another year: continuare alicui magistratum
- (ambiguous) to prolong a person's command: prorogare alicui imperium (in annum)
- (ambiguous) to invest a person with a position of dignity: honores alicui mandare, deferre
- (ambiguous) to remove a person from his office: abrogare alicui munus (Verr. 2. 57)
- (ambiguous) to deprive a person of his position as commandant: abrogare alicui imperium
- (ambiguous) to give a man audience before the senate: senatum alicui dare (Q. Fr. 2. 11. 2)
- (ambiguous) to summon some one to appear on a given day; to accuse a person: diem dicere alicui
- (ambiguous) to judge some one equitably: aequum iudicem se alicui praebere
- (ambiguous) to have a person tortured: alicui admovere tormenta
- (ambiguous) to go to law with, sue a person: litem alicui intendere
- (ambiguous) to attribute the fault to some one: culpam alicui attribuere, assignare
- (ambiguous) to reproach, blame a person for..: aliquid alicui crimini dare, vitio vertere (Verr. 5. 50)
- (ambiguous) to pardon a person: veniam dare alicui
- (ambiguous) to be (heavily) punished by some one: poenas (graves) dare alicui
- (ambiguous) to be punished by some one (on account of a thing): poenas alicui pendere (alicuius rei)
- (ambiguous) to impose a fine (used of the prosecutor or the tribunus plebis proposing a fine to be ratified by the people): multam irrogare alicui (Cic. Dom. 17. 45)
- (ambiguous) to decree the penalty of death: supplicium alicui decernere, in aliquem constituere
- (ambiguous) to appoint some one commander-in-chief: imperii summam deferre alicui or ad aliquem, tradere alicui
- (ambiguous) to depose a person from his command: imperium alicui abrogare (Off.3. 10)
- (ambiguous) to obey a person's orders: dicto audientem esse alicui
- (ambiguous) to plunge one's sword in some one's breast: gladium alicui in pectus infigere
- (ambiguous) to make restitution: res reddere (alicui) (cf. sect. V. 11)
- (ambiguous) to invade: bellum inferre alicui (Att. 9. 1. 3)
- (ambiguous) to send relief to some one: subsidium alicui summittere
- (ambiguous) to accept battle: potestatem sui facere (alicui) (cf. sect. XII. 9, note audientia...)
- (ambiguous) to wound a person (also used metaphorically): vulnus infligere alicui
- (ambiguous) to inflict a mortal wound on some one: mortiferam plagam alicui infligere
- (ambiguous) to congratulate a person on his victory: victoriam or de victoria gratulari alicui
- (ambiguous) to dictate the terms of peace to some one: pacis condiciones dare, dicere alicui (Liv. 29. 12)
- (ambiguous) to make one's submission to some one: se imperio alicuius subicere (not alicui)
- (ambiguous) to make one's submission to some one: in deditionem venire (without alicui)
- (ambiguous) to be subject to some one, under some one's dominion: subiectum esse, obnoxium esse imperio or dicioni alicuius (not simply alicui)