Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kannijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *kunnaną (“to know”) ‎ *-janą (“causative suffix”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑn.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kannijaną

1. to make known

Inflection

Conjugation of *kannijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kannijō	*kannijaų	—	*kannijai	?
2nd singular	*kannīsi	*kannijais	*kannī	*kannijasai	*kannijaisau
3rd singular	*kannīþi	*kannijai	*kannijaþau	*kannijaþai	*kannijaiþau
1st dual	*kannijōs	*kannijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*kannijaþiz	*kannijaiþiz	*kannijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*kannijamaz	*kannijaim	—	*kannijanþai	*kannijainþau
2nd plural	*kannīþ	*kannijaiþ	*kannīþ	*kannijanþai	*kannijainþau
3rd plural	*kannijanþi	*kannijain	*kannijanþau	*kannijanþai	*kannijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kannidǭ	*kannidēdį̄
2nd singular	*kannidēz	*kannidēdīz
3rd singular	*kannidē	*kannidēdī
1st dual	*kannidēdū	*kannidēdīw
2nd dual	*kannidēdudiz	*kannidēdīdiz
1st plural	*kannidēdum	*kannidēdīm
2nd plural	*kannidēdud	*kannidēdīd
3rd plural	*kannidēdun	*kannidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*kannijandz	*kannidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *kannijan
  • Old English: cennan
    • Middle English: kennen, kenin
      • English: ken
      • Scots: ken
      • Yola: ee-kent (ppl.)
  • Old Frisian: kenna
    • West Frisian: kenne
  • Old Saxon: *kennian
    • Low German: kennen
  • Old Dutch: kennen
    • Middle Dutch: kennen
      • Dutch: kennen
        • Afrikaans: ken
        • Negerhollands: ken
      • Limburgish: kènne, kinne
  • Old High German: *kennen
    • Middle High German: kennen
      • Alemannic German: kenne
      • Bavarian: kenna

        Cimbrian: khennen, khénnan (Sette Comuni)

        Mòcheno: kennen

      • Central Franconian: kenne
      • German: kennen
      • Luxembourgish: kennen
      • Pennsylvania German: kenne
      • Vilamovian: kenna
      • Yiddish: קענען (kenen)
• Old Norse: kenna
  • Icelandic: kenna
  • Faroese: kenna
  • Norn: kenna
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: kjenna
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: kjenne
  • Elfdalian: kenna
  • Old Swedish: kænna
    • Swedish: känna
  • Old Danish: kænnæ
    • Danish: kende
    • Scanian: kænða
  • Gutnish: känne
• Gothic: 𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (kannjan)