| Gahri |
Part of speech |
English gloss
|
| kador |
n. |
bowl, basin
|
| kadʑu |
n. |
tooled capital of a pillar
|
| kaj |
adj. |
difficult
|
| kak- |
v. tr. |
to stop, to block
|
| kakatsi |
n. |
lamb
|
| kal- |
v. tr. |
to load
|
| kalak |
n. |
(1) dough; (2) plaster for re-coating
|
| kaldʑor |
n. |
cup
|
| kali |
n. |
sitting carpet (Indo-Aryan)
|
| kaltɕorpa |
n. |
woman carrying the tɕʰaŋ at the gotsi festival
|
| kaltsi |
n. |
window
|
| kamkam |
n. |
gap (small)
|
| kan- |
v. tr. |
to watch
|
| kan- |
v. tr. |
to show
|
| kanɲan |
n. |
imagination
|
| kanɲanmej |
adv. |
very much, very many, extremely
|
| kanʈi |
n. |
necklace
|
| kaŋ |
n. |
leg
|
| kaŋ- |
v. tr. |
to add
|
| kaŋliŋ |
n. |
ceremonial thigh-bone trumpet
|
| kapula |
n. |
traditional shoes made of grass
|
| kaput |
n. |
hinge
|
| kar- |
v. tr. |
to smash, to hammer, to thrash
|
| kar |
n. |
sheep (male, castrated)
|
| kara |
n. |
donkey
|
| kari |
n. |
crossbeam (big)
|
| karipa |
n. |
ritual dancers at the gotsi festival
|
| karma |
n. |
star
|
| kartak |
n. |
silver plate
|
| kartsi |
n. |
male sheep (castrated, young)
|
| kat- |
v. intr. |
to blow (wind), to turn, to whirl
|
| kat- |
v. intr. |
to call (for a meeting)
|
| kat |
n. |
language, voice, noise
|
| katɕa |
n. |
story (about real events)
|
| katɕʰa |
n. |
underwear
|
| katɕaŋ |
adj. |
near, close
|
| katsi |
n. |
walnut
|
| katsi |
n. |
wooden ladle used to ladle soup
|
| kaʈi |
n. |
(1) jaws; (2) scissors
|
| kekir |
n. |
flat bread
|
| keks |
n. |
gift, present
|
| keks |
n. |
wooden stick
|
| kela |
n. |
banana
|
| kelobotbot |
n. |
fir tree
|
| kelt- |
v. intr. |
to carry on one’s person
|
| kem |
n. |
hon. barley beer, liquor
|
| ken |
n. |
(1) breakfast; (2) type of porridge consisting of tsampa mixed with water
|
| ken |
n. |
birth of animals
|
| kendus |
n. |
forenoon
|
| kenkjatsi |
n. |
little finger
|
| kent- |
v. intr. |
to give birth (of animals)
|
| keŋkebotsi |
n. |
little finger
|
| keŋs |
n. |
shame
|
| keska |
n. |
lie
|
| ketdzi |
adj. |
alone
|
| ketpa |
n. |
waist
|
| kewa |
n. |
rebirth
|
| kewa sarasire |
n. |
early morning
|
| ki- |
v. tr. |
to wash (dishes, floor)
|
| kil |
n. |
center, middle
|
| kil- |
v. tr. |
to dam up water
|
| kilbotsi |
n. |
middle finger
|
| kin |
n. |
ibex
|
| kin- |
v. tr. |
to give birth
|
| kin- |
v. mid. |
to give birth, to be born
|
| kirka |
n. |
(1) iron rings used to cover the opening of the oven; (2) wreath made of willow twigs
|
| kirna |
adj. |
round (of flat things)
|
| kirti |
n. |
basket (worn on back)
|
| kit |
n. |
dirt
|
| kitpo |
adj. |
prosperous
|
| kja- |
v. intr. |
to become, to become ready
|
| kjakja |
adv. |
continuously, repeatedly
|
| kjakʰam |
n. |
food for dogs
|
| kjal- |
v. tr. |
to swear, to take an oath
|
| kjalkjal |
adj. |
lying on the back
|
| kjalna |
adj. |
lying on the back
|
| kjaŋ |
n. |
jackdaw
|
| kjaŋka |
adv. |
continuously
|
| kjaŋs- |
v. intr. |
to deliver a message
|
| kjap- |
v. tr. |
to protect
|
| kjapstol |
n. |
refuge
|
| kjar |
n. |
snow shoe
|
| kjar- |
v. tr. |
to scare
|
| kjare |
n. |
blanket (thick)
|
| kjoj |
n. |
span between thumb and little finger, hand span (traditional length measure)
|
| kjok |
adj. |
winding
|
| kjon |
n. |
fraud, deceit
|
| kjoŋbu |
n. |
small bowl for puja offerings
|
| kjor |
n. |
dance, game
|
| kjor- |
v. intr. |
to dance, to play
|
| kjot |
n. |
hay
|
| kjot- |
v. intr. |
hon. to come
|
| kju |
n. |
dumpling for soup
|
| kjuj |
adj. |
thin, tall
|
| kjuks |
n. |
ashes
|
| kjuktsi |
adj. |
small
|
| kjukʈoŋ |
n. |
chest
|
| kjultar |
adj. |
bold
|
| kjum |
n. |
house
|
| kjum- |
v. intr. |
to ply, to twist (yarn)
|
| kjumar |
n. |
roof top
|
| kjumtsi |
n. |
studio, one-room apartment
|
| kjur- |
v. tr. |
to change, to divert
|
| kjus- |
v. intr. |
to become long (days)
|
| kjut |
n. |
wether (goat)
|
| kjutsi |
n. |
adze
|
| kjuttsi |
n. |
wether (goat, young)
|
| kjwar- |
v. tr. |
to spread one's legs
|
| kojotsi |
n. |
puppy
|
| kok |
n. |
feed
|
| kok- |
v. tr. |
to devour
|
| kokma |
n. |
(1) throat; (2) singing voice
|
| koko |
n. |
feces, excrements
|
| kokpa |
n. |
garlic
|
| kol |
n. |
peel, bark, shell
|
| kol- |
v. tr. |
to distill
|
| kolɖoŋ |
n. |
hole (dug by men)
|
| kolom |
n. |
pebbles (big)
|
| koni |
n. |
shortage
|
| kontɕok |
n. |
god
|
| kontsi |
n. |
back part of foot sole
|
| koŋkoŋ |
adj. |
bent, crooked (of people)
|
| kopkop |
adj. |
lying face down
|
| kopna |
adj. |
sitting face down
|
| kor |
n. |
subject, matter
|
| kora |
n. |
balustrade, railing
|
| korlam |
n. |
circambulation
|
| korna |
adj. |
round (of ball-shaped things)
|
| korpaŋ |
n. |
rhombic piece of wood used to lock doors
|
| koroŋkoroŋ |
n. |
bell
|
| kra |
n. |
hair
|
| krak- |
v. tr. |
to fuck
|
| kraks |
n. |
wedge
|
| kraŋ- |
v. tr. |
to pile up, to heap up
|
| kraŋɕiŋ |
n. |
firewood (small pieces)
|
| kraŋi |
adj. |
hard
|
| krekstaŋ |
n. |
ending (of stories, songs)
|
| kret- |
v. tr. |
to sting, to bite
|
| kri- |
v. tr. |
to dress (with a belt, turban) (tr.)
|
| kris- |
v. mid. |
to dress (with a belt, turban) (refl.)
|
| krill- |
v. tr. |
to twist
|
| krim- |
v. tr. |
to spin a thread with your hands
|
| kriŋ |
n. |
beam (central)
|
| krok |
n. |
soot on surfaces
|
| korok- |
v. tr. |
to dig out, to scrape off
|
| kruk- |
v. tr. |
to shake, to stir, to roar (of stomach)
|
| ku- |
v. intr. |
to steal
|
| ku ɕu- |
v. tr. |
to re-coat the floor by covering it with a mixture of mud and cow manure
|
| kuɕu |
n. |
apple
|
| kudzu |
n. |
Kullu valley
|
| kukar |
n. |
cooker (English)
|
| kuks |
n. |
jackpot in a dice game
|
| kukuri |
n. |
chicken (Indo-Aryan)
|
| kulik |
n. |
key
|
| kunɖa |
n. |
statue, idol
|
| kunma |
n. |
thief
|
| kuns |
n. |
first week of the year
|
| kunsla |
n. |
2nd month of the traditional calendar
|
| kupat |
n. |
stone pot used to cook soup
|
| kupi |
n. |
bucket (traditionally made of hide, now also used for buckets made of plastic)
|
| kur |
n. |
load
|
| kurim |
n. |
ritual
|
| kurkuʈik |
n. |
ant
|
| kurt- |
v. intr. |
to carry (a load)
|
| kutul |
n. |
bag
|
| kwak- |
v. tr. |
to dip
|
| kwaks |
n. |
gravy, stew
|
| kwake |
n. |
pebbles
|
| kwal- |
v. tr. |
to hang up
|
| kwalt- |
v. mid. |
to stumble over
|
| kwaŋkwaŋ |
adj. |
curly, crooked
|
| kwaŋna |
adj. |
bent (of things)
|
| kwartsi |
n. |
clay pot
|
| kwas- |
v. intr. |
to become full, to become satiated (from eating or drinking)
|
| kwat- |
v. intr. |
to boil (intr.)
|
| kwat- |
v. intr. |
to wash away, to wash off
|
| kʰa |
pron. |
what?
|
| kʰadze |
n. |
rake
|
| kʰaj |
adj. |
black
|
| kʰaksgan |
n. |
husk
|
| kʰalak |
pron. |
for what reason?
|
| kʰalma |
n. |
kidney
|
| kʰamdzaŋ |
adj. |
fine, alright
|
| kʰamloks |
n. |
nausea
|
| kʰamoʈi |
pron. |
something
|
| kʰams |
n. |
appetite
|
| kʰanak |
pron. |
how?
|
| kʰanɖoma |
n. |
fairy
|
| kʰantsuk |
pron. |
what kind of?
|
| kʰaŋgul |
n. |
neck
|
| kʰap- |
v. tr. |
to cover
|
| kʰaps |
n. |
cover
|
| kʰar |
n. |
fort, castle
|
| kʰaras |
n. |
frost, hard snow on which one can walk
|
| kʰarɕot |
n. |
lid
|
| kʰarkjaŋ |
n. |
habit
|
| kʰart- |
v. intr. |
to get stuck, to be trapped
|
| kʰartɕaŋ |
adv. |
continuously
|
| kʰaspa |
n. |
expert
|
| kʰat- |
v. intr. |
to be stuck
|
| kʰatak |
n. |
ceremonial scarf
|
| kʰatɕe |
n. |
Muslim
|
| kʰatɕik |
pron. |
someone
|
| kʰaʈakj |
adj. |
bitter
|
| kʰe |
adj. |
cheap
|
| kʰej |
adj. |
sweet
|
| kʰem |
n. |
balcony
|
| kʰemtsi |
n. |
small balcony
|
| kʰep |
n. |
needle (middle size)
|
| kʰet- |
v. tr. |
to beat, to hit, to shoot
|
| kʰi |
n. |
latrine
|
| kʰik- |
v. intr. |
to stammer
|
| kʰikoŋ |
n. |
bathroom
|
| kʰilti |
n. |
puddle
|
| kʰimsa |
n. |
dirt, dust
|
| kʰintses |
n. |
neighbor
|
| kʰipe |
n. |
small pieces of firewood (smaller than ɕugutsi)
|
| kʰir ka- |
v. tr. |
to turn (tr.)
|
| kʰira |
n. |
cucumber
|
| kʰirkjak |
n. |
excrements of dogs
|
| kʰiʈiŋ |
n. |
penis
|
| kʰjak |
v. dem. |
here
|
| kʰjarka |
n. |
glans
|
| kʰjas |
n. |
itch
|
| kʰjo- |
v. tr. |
to make dry
|
| kʰjoj |
adj. |
dry
|
| kʰjokspo |
adj. |
active
|
| kʰjops- |
v. intr. |
to go numb
|
| kʰjot- |
v. tr. |
to become dry
|
| kʰjotsi |
n. |
spoon
|
| kʰju |
n. |
dog
|
| kʰju- |
v. tr. |
to make a thread by winding up wool on a stick
|
| kʰjuk- |
v. intr. |
to reverberate
|
| kʰjuk- |
v. mid. |
to reverberate
|
| kʰjul- |
v. tr. |
to peel
|
| kʰjut |
n. |
(1) sourdough for lwar before letting it rest; (2) plaster for re-coating
|
| kʰjutsi |
n. |
(1) arm; (2) cubit with stretched hand (traditional length measure)
|
| kʰjwa |
n. |
man
|
| kʰobaŋ |
n. |
hind leg
|
| kʰodzup |
n. |
thigh (of animal)
|
| kʰoj |
adj. |
suitable, worth doing
|
| kʰolak |
n. |
tsampa dish consisting of roasted barley flour and butter tea
|
| kʰolɖo |
n. |
wheel
|
| kʰon- |
v. tr. |
to finish
|
| kʰoŋgjaks |
adv. |
in four days
|
| kʰor- |
v. tr. |
to repay
|
| kʰor- |
v. intr. |
to move in a circle
|
| kʰorek |
adv. |
after, later
|
| kʰorlo |
n. |
wheel
|
| kʰot |
n. |
grandchild
|
| kʰokjotɕi ~ kʰotɕi |
adv. |
behind
|
| kʰral |
n. |
tax
|
| kʰrempaŋ |
n. |
eyelid
|
| kʰres |
n. |
hunger
|
| kʰril- |
v. tr. |
to embrace
|
| kʰritɕa |
n. |
loom
|
| kʰrutsi |
n. |
(1) elbow; (2) cubit with fist (traditional length measure)
|
| kʰu |
n. |
smoke
|
| kʰujsla |
n. |
10th month of the traditional calendar
|
| kʰujt- |
v. tr. |
to thresh
|
| kʰuk- |
v. tr. |
to find
|
| kʰum |
n. |
pillow
|
| kʰum |
n. |
fulcrum (of a lever)
|
| kʰunu |
n. |
Kinnaur
|
| kʰunukat |
n. |
Kinnauri language
|
| kʰunupa |
n. |
person from Kinnaur
|
| kʰur |
n. |
knife
|
| kʰurta |
n. |
horse (male, castrated)
|
| kʰutɕu |
n. |
semen
|
| kʰuʈup |
n. |
fist
|
| kʰwa |
n. |
broth, juice of food
|
| kʰwa- |
v. intr. |
to pluck (herbs), to cut off
|
| kʰwak |
n. |
crow
|
| kʰwame |
n. |
plant used to make red color
|
| kʰwaŋɕiŋ |
n. |
ox collar
|
| kʰwaŋs- |
v. intr. |
to go out (pl.)
|
| kʰwarek |
n. |
pheasant
|
| kʰwartum |
n. |
egg
|
| gaː |
n. |
term of address for members of a petty chief family
|
| gaɕʈa |
n. |
stairs
|
| gakgak |
n. |
suffocation
|
| gal- |
v. tr. |
to cross
|
| galt- |
v. intr. |
to lie, to lie down
|
| galtsʰik |
n. |
spine
|
| galtʰan |
n. |
girdle (of traditional trousers)
|
| gam |
n. |
chest, box
|
| gamgam |
n. |
gap (big)
|
| gamtsa |
n. |
traditional festival
|
| gamtsi |
n. |
box (small)
|
| ganɖa |
n. |
inflamed wound
|
| gaŋ |
n. |
hill on the side of a mountain
|
| gaŋ- |
v. intr. |
to swell, to rise
|
| gaŋdʑuŋ |
adj. |
thoughtless
|
| gaŋgjut |
n. |
mountain range
|
| gaŋri |
n. |
snow mountain
|
| gaŋsniŋ |
n. |
glacier
|
| gaŋstaŋ |
n. |
glacier
|
| gap- |
v. tr. |
to incubate, to breed, to hold in one's arms
|
| garaʈʰal |
n. |
bundle of crops
|
| garmo |
n. |
crossbreed between dzopo and cow (female)
|
| garpo |
n. |
crossbreed between dzopo and cow (male)
|
| gartɕam |
n. |
cold
|
| gatdʑa |
n. |
uproar, riot
|
| gatpa |
n. |
cliff, steep slope
|
| gattok |
adv. |
downhill
|
| gej |
num. |
eight
|
| geliŋ |
n. |
double reed shawm used in ceremonies
|
| geloŋ |
n. |
monk
|
| gen |
n. |
spring
|
| gentɕi |
n. |
first grass in spring
|
| genti |
n. |
pick-axe
|
| gerger |
adj. |
ponderous, clumsy
|
| ges- |
v. tr. |
to accept, to take (only used if the relevant object is taken with folded hands or in a vessel)
|
| get |
num. |
eight (Tibetan)
|
| gewa |
n. |
funeral gathering
|
| gi- |
v. mid. |
to wash one's hands / face
|
| gi |
pron. |
1SG
|
| gil |
n. |
fence
|
| girmo |
n. |
crossbreed between garpo and cow (female)
|
| girpo |
n. |
crossbreed between garpo and cow (male)
|
| gja |
num. |
hundred (Tibetan)
|
| gjaduŋ |
n. |
big trumpet used in ceremonies
|
| gjak |
adv. |
urgent
|
| gjak |
n. |
day
|
| gjaks- |
v. intr. |
to agree
|
| gjakʰap |
n. |
needle (small)
|
| gjal- |
v. |
(1) to win; (2) to recover
|
| gjalap |
n. |
rope made of leather
|
| gjalsa |
n. |
Kullu
|
| gjamo |
n. |
queen
|
| gjaŋbiʂwatsi |
n. |
oat
|
| gjaŋjaŋ |
adj. |
long (in size)
|
| gjap |
n. |
back
|
| gjapo |
n. |
king
|
| gjar |
n. |
fear
|
| gjar- |
v. intr. |
to be afraid
|
| gjaragire |
adj. |
circular
|
| gjasok |
n. |
saw
|
| gjaspa |
adj. |
elaborate
|
| gjatɕu |
num. |
eighty (Tibetan)
|
| gjatsi |
n. |
newborn (female)
|
| gjatso |
n. |
sea, ocean
|
| gjatʰuk |
n. |
type of soup
|
| gjok(s)pa |
adj. |
fast
|
| gjotpa |
n. |
regret
|
| gjuks |
n. |
income, gain
|
| gjult- |
v. mid. |
to come off in large pieces (e.g. skin), to fall out in bunches (e.g. hair)
|
| gjum |
n. |
nose
|
| gjuma |
n. |
(1) guts, intestines; (2) sausage made from intestines
|
| gjumpʰuk |
n. |
nose, nostril
|
| gjundok |
adv. |
always
|
| gjuŋ- |
v. intr. |
to cloud over
|
| gjur- |
v. tr. |
to translate
|
| gjurt- |
v. intr. |
to change
|
| gjut- |
v. |
to need
|
| gjuts |
n. |
need
|
| go- |
v. mid. |
to have a party
|
| go kuk- |
v. tr. |
to adopt
|
| goɕen |
n. |
silk
|
| goks |
n. |
cough
|
| gokʰaps |
n. |
shelter for the stairs on the roof
|
| golokmolok |
n. |
riot, affray
|
| goltɕʰak |
n. |
chain used to close a door
|
| gom- |
v. tr. |
to meditate, to think of
|
| gomak |
num. |
first
|
| gomner |
n. |
peon of a monastery
|
| gomtɕen |
n. |
hermit
|
| goŋ |
n. |
cost
|
| goŋa |
n. |
collar
|
| goŋgoŋ |
adj. |
heap-like
|
| goŋma |
adj. |
upper, higher
|
| goŋpo |
n. |
envious man
|
| goŋtɕen |
adj. |
expensive
|
| gopa |
n. |
leader
|
| gormo |
n. |
cup (flat and wide)
|
| gorok |
n. |
seat at the head of the sitting row
|
| gort- |
v. intr. |
to be late
|
| got |
n. |
waste, loss
|
| gotma |
n. |
mare
|
| gotsi |
n. |
traditional festival celebrated when the hair of one’s son is cut for the first time
|
| gra |
n. |
salary
|
| gral |
n. |
sitting row
|
| grampa |
n. |
cheek
|
| graŋ |
n. |
stone (generic)
|
| greks |
n. |
ceremonial song
|
| grelt- |
v. intr. |
to run
|
| grik- |
v. tr. |
to put together, to connect
|
| griks |
n. |
joint
|
| grokpo |
n. |
river
|
| grokt- |
v. tr. |
to crumble off, to scale off
|
| groŋbu |
n. |
weaver's shuttle
|
| grot- |
v. intr. |
to be finished, to be used up, to come to an end
|
| grwa |
n. |
lungs
|
| gu |
num. |
nine
|
| gu |
num. |
nine (Tibetan)
|
| guj |
pron. |
where?
|
| gumtsi |
n. |
(1) bow; (2) traditional measure of length
|
| gun |
n. |
winter
|
| gundiksla |
n. |
12th month of the traditional calendar
|
| gunɖum |
n. |
raisins
|
| gunsa |
n. |
room used in wintertime
|
| guptɕu |
num. |
ninety (Tibetan)
|
| guram |
n. |
sweets
|
| gutsuk |
pron. |
which?
|
| gwa- |
cop. |
existential copula (pl.)
|
| gwak- |
v. mid. |
to embrace
|
| gwaktsi |
n. |
kind of pot
|
| gwalba |
adj. |
blind
|
| gwanu |
n. |
fox
|
| gwaŋ- |
v. intr. |
to take place, to happen
|
| gwaŋ |
n. |
snow cock
|
| gwar- |
v. tr. |
to dig out with a pick-axe
|
| ŋa |
n. |
double-sided ceremonial drum
|
| ŋa |
num. |
five (Tibetan)
|
| ŋaj |
num. |
five
|
| ŋaj |
adv. |
early
|
| ŋal |
n. |
plough
|
| ŋaltsi |
n. |
pick-axe-like instrument to dig a field
|
| ŋama |
n. |
tail
|
| ŋamɕen |
adj. |
excellent, paramount
|
| ŋams |
n. |
yawn
|
| ŋams- |
v. intr. |
to yawn
|
| ŋargjal |
adj. |
proud
|
| ŋaro |
n. |
morning
|
| ŋarodʑuŋ |
n. |
early in the morning
|
| ŋas |
n. |
udder
|
| ŋattɕan |
adj. |
strong
|
| ŋokma |
n. |
mane (of horses)
|
| ŋonɕe |
n. |
foresight, ability to foresee things
|
| tɕa |
n. |
cow dung
|
| tɕa- |
v. tr. |
to paint, to rub in (face) (tr.)
|
| tɕa- |
v. mid. |
to rub in (face) (refl.)
|
| tɕaɕi |
adv. |
regularly
|
| tɕaːdar |
n. |
sheet
|
| tɕaga |
n. |
preparation, care
|
| tɕak- |
v. tr. |
to wash (clothes)
|
| tɕakar |
n. |
plate used to roll out dough
|
| tɕakdar |
n. |
ladle (made of iron)
|
| tɕakdzwa |
n. |
bucket (made of iron)
|
| tɕakna |
adv. |
daily, every day
|
| tɕaks |
n. |
iron
|
| tɕaks |
n. |
knitting needle
|
| tɕakstap |
n. |
(1) oven; (2) dwelling-room
|
| tɕakstrak |
n. |
chain made of iron
|
| tɕaku |
n. |
knife
|
| tɕakwal |
n. |
shovel made of iron
|
| tɕalak |
n. |
stuff, things
|
| tɕamna |
adj. |
whole, full
|
| tɕamtɕam |
n. |
aluminum
|
| tɕan |
n. |
snow leopard
|
| tɕanɖa |
n. |
pocket
|
| tɕaŋma |
n. |
willow
|
| tɕaŋti |
n. |
drop from the ceiling
|
| tɕap- |
v. tr. |
to combine, to put together
|
| tɕapanɖa |
n. |
ladder
|
| tɕapna |
adj. |
thin (of flat things)
|
| tɕaptɕap |
adj. |
thin (of flat things)
|
| tɕaptsi |
n. |
spy
|
| tɕare |
n. |
bedbug
|
| tɕarik |
n. |
supporting wall of terraced fields
|
| tɕasga |
n. |
ginger
|
| tɕat- |
v. tr. |
to tear
|
| tɕataram |
n. |
sickle
|
| tɕataramla |
n. |
new moon
|
| tɕeldrik |
n. |
weasel
|
| tɕeli |
n. |
cow urine
|
| tɕeli |
adj. |
yellow
|
| tɕentsi |
n. |
claw (of cows)
|
| tɕeŋna |
adj. |
standing upright
|
| tɕeŋtɕeŋ |
adj. |
standing upright
|
| tɕespa |
n. |
dear one, beloved one
|
| tɕet- |
v. tr. |
to pull, to eat (of cows)
|
| tɕi |
n. |
grass
|
| tɕik |
num. |
one (Tibetan)
|
| tɕil |
n. |
marrow
|
| tɕini |
n. |
sugar (Indo-Aryan)
|
| tɕinol |
n. |
beam used in wall construction
|
| tɕinpa |
n. |
liver
|
| tɕip- |
v. tr. |
to suck
|
| tɕir- |
v. tr. |
to sharpen
|
| tɕirtɕir |
n. |
murmur
|
| tɕispen |
n. |
heap of grass
|
| tɕitwasla |
n. |
9th month of the traditional calendar
|
| tɕo |
n. |
petty chief
|
| tɕo- |
v. tr. |
to light, to kindle
|
| tɕos- |
v. mid. |
to burn (intr.)
|
| tɕok- |
v. tr. |
to cover (persons, animals)
|
| tɕoks |
n. |
headscarf
|
| tɕoktsi |
n. |
sprout (of crops)
|
| tɕol- |
v. tr. |
to propose
|
| tɕoltɕum |
n. |
dowry for the bride
|
| tɕom- |
v. tr. |
to rob
|
| tɕomo |
n. |
nun
|
| tɕoŋa |
num. |
fifteen (Tibetan)
|
| tɕoŋɖo |
n. |
buttocks
|
| tɕopgjat |
num. |
eighteen (Tibetan)
|
| tɕot- |
v. tr. |
to beg
|
| tɕotɕo |
n. |
brother (2nd oldest)
|
| tɕotpa |
n. |
mood, character
|
| tɕotsi |
n. |
beggar
|
| tɕu- |
v. tr. |
to squeeze, to wind out
|
| tɕu |
num. |
ten (Tibetan)
|
| tɕuɖuk |
num. |
sixteen (Tibetan)
|
| tɕuj |
num. |
ten
|
| tɕuktɕik |
num. |
eleven (Tibetan)
|
| tɕuli |
n. |
apricot
|
| tɕuli ŋalmo |
n. |
apricot (dried)
|
| tɕuni |
num. |
twelve (Tibetan)
|
| tɕunis |
num. |
twelve
|
| tɕuŋi |
quant. |
little, less
|
| tɕupdun |
num. |
seventeen (Tibetan)
|
| tɕupdʑi |
num. |
fourteen (Tibetan)
|
| tɕupgjat |
num. |
eighteen
|
| tɕupi |
num. |
fourteen
|
| tɕur- |
v. tr. |
to interrogate, to inquire, to ask repeatedly
|
| tɕurgu |
num. |
nineteen (Tibetan)
|
| tɕurgu |
num. |
nineteen
|
| tɕurnis |
num. |
seventeen
|
| tɕusdruk |
num. |
sixteen
|
| tɕusum |
num. |
thirteen
|
| tɕusum |
num. |
thirteen (Tibetan)
|
| tɕutik |
num. |
eleven
|
| tɕuttɕan |
adj. |
filling (of food)
|
| tɕwaŋ |
num. |
fifteen
|
| tɕwaŋ |
n. |
full moon
|
| tɕʰa |
n. |
heat of a fire
|
| tɕʰaː |
n. |
knowledge
|
| tɕʰak |
n. |
fodder (especially prepared for animals)
|
| tɕʰak- |
v. intr. |
to stop (intr.)
|
| tɕʰaks- |
v. intr. |
to grow, to bear fruit, to become pregnant
|
| tɕʰaks- |
v. mid. |
to grow, to bear fruit, to become pregnant
|
| tɕʰaktsi |
n. |
earring for men (small)
|
| tɕʰakwaŋ |
n. |
hon. hand gesture of blessing
|
| tɕʰam |
n. |
devil dance
|
| tɕʰam- |
v. intr. |
to dance a mask dance
|
| tɕʰapsken |
n. |
kettle for tɕʰaŋ
|
| tɕʰat- |
v. intr. |
to be exhausted
|
| tɕʰats |
n. |
exhaustion
|
| tɕʰatɕʰat |
adj. |
poor, torn
|
| tɕʰatkja |
n. |
promise
|
| tɕʰatɲa |
adj. |
wretched
|
| tɕʰatpa |
n. |
punishment
|
| tɕʰe- |
v. tr. |
to warm up (tr.)
|
| tɕʰes- |
v. mid. |
to warm up
|
| tɕʰejtuŋna |
adj. |
lukewarm (of food)
|
| tɕʰejtuŋtuŋ |
adj. |
lukewarm (of food)
|
| tɕʰej |
adj. |
warm, hot
|
| tɕʰerpa |
n. |
spleen
|
| tɕʰeʈi |
n. |
water (warm)
|
| tɕʰewa |
n. |
mauler
|
| tɕʰiga |
n. |
saddle
|
| tɕʰigel |
adv. |
abroad
|
| tɕʰil- |
v. tr. |
to choose
|
| tɕʰo- |
v. tr. |
to dye (wool etc.)
|
| tɕʰoj |
adj. |
healthy
|
| tɕʰojboj |
adj. |
healthy
|
| tɕʰok |
adj. |
enough
|
| tɕʰok- |
v. intr. |
to be allowed to do something
|
| tɕʰoks |
n. |
kind of religious ceremony
|
| tɕʰoks |
n. |
direction
|
| tɕʰol- |
v. tr. |
to pestle crops, to beat up and down
|
| tɕʰolgjaŋ |
n. |
pestle
|
| tɕʰolo |
n. |
dice
|
| tɕʰoms- |
v. intr. |
to be ornamented, to be prepared in a nice way
|
| tɕʰoŋs- |
v. intr. |
to jump
|
| tɕʰoŋs- |
v. mid. |
to jump
|
| tɕʰorten |
n. |
stupa
|
| tɕʰos |
n. |
religion
|
| tɕʰos- |
v. intr. |
to become healthy, to become strong
|
| tɕʰot- |
v. tr. |
to offer (to gods)
|
| tɕʰot |
n. |
spraying of food and drinks into the air as an offering before eating and drinking
|
| tɕʰot- |
v. intr. |
hon. to eat, to drink
|
| tɕʰotkjaŋ |
n. |
altar
|
| tɕʰotme |
n. |
butter lamp
|
| tɕʰotpa |
n. |
offering of dough
|
| tɕʰoʈa |
n. |
knots of carpets and shawls
|
| tɕʰu |
n. |
water
|
| tɕʰu- |
v. tr. |
to fetch, to collect
|
| tɕʰu- |
v. mid. |
to fetch, to collect
|
| tɕʰuba |
n. |
traditional dress of men
|
| tɕʰuk- |
v. intr. |
to land
|
| tɕʰulgjaŋ |
n. |
mole
|
| tɕʰumik |
n. |
fountain
|
| tɕʰumpʰjar |
n. |
waterfall
|
| tɕʰupɕot |
n. |
stones on a rosary
|
| tɕʰuput |
n. |
consecrated water
|
| tɕʰun- |
v. tr. |
to bind around, to tie, to knot
|
| tɕʰuns |
n. |
binding wire, twig of young trees used to bind together heaps of firewood
|
| tɕʰur- |
v. tr. |
to milk
|
| tɕʰurlaps |
n. |
wave
|
| tɕʰurpe |
n. |
dry cheese
|
| tɕʰuskol |
n. |
water (boiled)
|
| tɕʰuta |
n. |
riverbank
|
| tɕʰuto |
n. |
beak
|
| tɕʰutsi |
n. |
plaited stand of hair
|
| tɕʰutsʰot |
n. |
watch
|
| tɕʰwa |
n. |
funeral ceremony
|
| dʑa |
n. |
tea
|
| dʑabra |
n. |
foot (of cups)
|
| dʑak |
n. |
fat (liquid)
|
| dʑak |
n. |
urine
|
| dʑakkju |
n. |
chain
|
| dʑakpa |
n. |
lasso, noose
|
| dʑal- |
v. intr. |
hon. to visit
|
| dʑalta |
n. |
command, order
|
| dʑalu |
n. |
kind of pot
|
| dʑam |
n. |
hon. soup
|
| dʑami |
adj. |
smooth
|
| dʑaŋ- |
v. tr. |
hon. to build, to erect
|
| dʑaŋ |
n. |
north
|
| dʑaŋ- |
v. intr. |
to get used to something
|
| dʑar |
n. |
mortar bowl
|
| dʑar- |
v. tr. |
to eat up, to clean
|
| dʑars- |
v. mid. |
to shave
|
| dʑarduŋ |
n. |
mortar
|
| dʑatdʑat |
adj. |
oval
|
| dʑatsak |
n. |
tea sieve
|
| dʑatʰaŋ |
n. |
black tea
|
| dʑaw |
n. |
lame person
|
| dʑawaj |
adj. |
lame
|
| dʑekdaŋ |
n. |
hatred
|
| dʑelsa |
n. |
festival
|
| dʑert- |
v. intr. |
to rise
|
| dʑi |
num. |
four (Tibetan)
|
| dʑikt- |
v. mid. |
to collapse (of walls)
|
| dʑili |
n. |
light
|
| dʑili |
adj. |
bright
|
| dʑipdʑip |
adj. |
blurred
|
| dʑiptɕu |
num. |
forty (Tibetan)
|
| dʑoks |
n. |
shape, manner
|
| dʑokstɕan |
adj. |
skillful
|
| dʑoli |
n. |
bag (worn on back)
|
| dʑom- |
v. tr. |
hon. to cremate
|
| dʑonta |
n. |
horse (for riding)
|
| dʑordʑor |
adj. |
jutting (of ears)
|
| dʑot- |
v. intr. |
to sit, to sit down, to stay, to remain, to live
|
| dʑu- |
v. tr. |
to digest
|
| dʑu |
n. |
lips
|
| dʑu- |
v. tr. |
hon. to request
|
| dʑu |
n. |
greeting gesture (with one hand held against the forehead)
|
| dʑuks- |
v. intr. |
hon. to sit
|
| dʑuŋ |
n. |
middle
|
| dʑuŋ |
adv. |
straight ahead
|
| dʑur- |
v. tr. |
to debranch
|
| dʑut- |
v. intr. |
to be weak
|
| dʑwalt- |
v. mid. |
to break off and hang down
|
| ɲa |
n. |
fish
|
| ɲa |
n. |
nose ring (for animals)
|
| ɲa- |
v. tr. |
to borrow
|
| ɲa |
n. |
gift given to the bride
|
| ɲaɕa |
n. |
meat (dried)
|
| ɲakspu |
n. |
pubic hair
|
| ɲamlen |
n. |
experience
|
| ɲampo |
adv. |
together
|
| ɲartsi |
n. |
pea
|
| ɲoŋ- |
v. tr. |
to experience, to suffer
|
| ɲos- |
v. intr. |
to clear up (sky)
|
| ɲugu |
n. |
pen, reed-pen
|
| ɲuktsi |
n. |
monkey
|
| ɲuŋ- |
v. tr. |
to swallow
|
| ɲuŋskar |
n. |
mustard
|
| ɲurtsi |
n. |
herbal plant with strong smell
|
| ʈabar |
n. |
family
|
| ʈaɕitʰaliŋ |
n. |
prayer flag
|
| ʈakpo |
adj. |
strong, powerful
|
| ʈakʈak |
adj. |
dried up (of bread), hard, arrogant
|
| ʈaŋska |
n. |
number
|
| ʈawna |
adj. |
deaf
|
| ʈawo |
adj. |
similar
|
| ʈel |
n. |
care
|
| ʈivi |
n. |
TV (English)
|
| ʈokʈoktsi |
n. |
elbow
|
| ʈol- |
v. tr. |
to explain
|
| ʈoŋs- |
v. hon. |
to die
|
| ʈoŋʈoŋbujaŋ |
n. |
bumble bee
|
| ʈopi |
n. |
hat (Indo-Aryan)
|
| ʈops |
n. |
ear piercing
|
| ʈulku |
n. |
reincarnation
|
| ʈumtsi |
n. |
bud
|
| ʈʰakluŋ |
n. |
anger
|
| ʈʰampa |
adj. |
hard-working
|
| ʈʰaw |
n. |
teapot
|
| ʈʰi |
n. |
hon. seat of high lamas
|
| ʈʰikna |
adj. |
sure
|
| ʈʰikspa |
n. |
gall bladder
|
| ʈʰikʂin |
n. |
migraine
|
| ʈʰimkʰaŋ |
n. |
court
|
| ʈʰimpon |
n. |
judgement
|
| ʈʰims |
n. |
judgement
|
| ʈʰolu |
n. |
hammer (small)
|
| ʈʰopa |
adj. |
similar
|
| ʈʰot- |
v. intr. |
(1) to fit well, to suit; (2) to be delivered
|
| ʈʰul |
n. |
demon, specter
|
| ʈʰultan |
n. |
sitting pillow, sitting mattress
|
| ʈʰums |
n. |
grief
|
| ʈʰuŋs- |
v. hon. |
to be born
|
| ʈʰup- |
v. tr. |
to be able, to accomplish
|
| ʈʰutɕu |
n. |
fodder (food rests for animals)
|
| ɖa |
n. |
enemy
|
| ɖa |
n. |
sound, word
|
| ɖampak |
n. |
mud
|
| ɖampakbu |
n. |
earth worm
|
| ɖanɖa |
adv. |
equally
|
| ɖaŋɖaŋ |
adj. |
full, satiated
|
| ɖapna |
adj. |
big (flat things)
|
| ɖatpa |
n. |
brain
|
| ɖawa |
n. |
money
|
| ɖemɖem |
adj. |
pondering
|
| ɖik- |
v. intr. |
to be suitable, to be appropriate
|
| ɖiks |
n. |
agreement
|
| ɖik |
adj. |
okay, suitable
|
| ɖilu |
n. |
bell used in ceremonies
|
| ɖiŋ |
adj. |
middle, medium (in size)
|
| ɖipʰuk |
n. |
cave for meditation
|
| ɖiu |
n. |
mule
|
| ɖiwa |
n. |
lamp
|
| ɖoksa |
n. |
pasture land
|
| ɖomba |
n. |
(1) blacksmith, goldsmith; (2) Lohar (ethno-linguistic community of Indo-Aryan origin)
|
| ɖon |
n. |
non-religious festival
|
| ɖonpo |
n. |
guest, customer
|
| ɖoŋɖoŋ |
adj. |
deep
|
| ɖos- |
v. mid. |
to discuss
|
| ɖotɕa |
n. |
type of deep-fried pastry
|
| ɖu |
n. |
edge, corner
|
| ɖubak |
n. |
gun
|
| ɖuɕiŋ |
n. |
match
|
| ɖuk |
num. |
six (Tibetan)
|
| ɖukan |
n. |
corner (of walls)
|
| ɖukbotsi |
n. |
sixth finger
|
| ɖuktɕu |
num. |
sixty (Tibetan)
|
| ɖunɖo |
n. |
domestic animal
|
| ɖup- |
v. tr. |
to finish, to complete
|
| ɖwa |
n. |
taste
|
| ta- |
cop. |
possessive copula
|
| ta |
n. |
vein
|
| tabap |
n. |
platform to dismount from a horse
|
| tago |
n. |
door of a courtyard
|
| tak- |
v. tr. |
to stick, to stab, to pierce, to support
|
| taks |
n. |
pillar
|
| tak |
n. |
tiger
|
| tak |
n. |
omen
|
| tak- ~ taks- |
v. intr. |
to smell (intr.)
|
| taks |
n. |
smell
|
| taka |
adj. |
sure
|
| takar |
n. |
axe
|
| takj |
adj. |
medium (of saltiness / spiciness)
|
| taks |
n. |
gift, present
|
| taktsi |
n. |
bundle, bunch
|
| tal |
pron. |
3SG
|
| taltɕak |
n. |
whip
|
| tamak |
n. |
cigarette
|
| tambu |
n. |
tent
|
| tamŋan |
n. |
bad talking
|
| tampa |
n. |
board for cutting food
|
| tampo |
adj. |
reliable, firm
|
| tams- |
v. intr. |
hon. to be born
|
| tan- |
v. tr. |
to wake up (tr.)
|
| tanpo |
adv. |
carefully
|
| tant- |
v. intr. |
to see
|
| tantan |
adv. |
definitely, surely
|
| taŋgata |
n. |
offensive behavior
|
| taŋkar |
n. |
threshold
|
| tap- |
v. tr. |
to fold, to bend, to bring back
|
| tapɕatapɕa |
adv. |
again and again
|
| tapna |
adj. |
same, similar
|
| taps |
n. |
slope
|
| tar- |
v. intr. |
to do, to be industrious
|
| tara |
n. |
fence (for animals)
|
| tarakna |
adj. |
proper
|
| tarbaŋs |
n. |
excrements of horses and donkeys
|
| tarkʰa |
n. |
manner, way
|
| tart- |
v. intr. |
(1) to be free; (2) to behave wild
|
| tasta |
n. |
spatula used to turn kekir and lwar
|
| tat- |
v. tr. |
to prepare, to put, to distribute
|
| tatmo |
n. |
festival
|
| tatna |
adj. |
small, low
|
| tattat |
adj. |
small, low
|
| teama |
n. |
aunt (mother's oldest sister)
|
| teawa |
n. |
uncle (father's oldest brother)
|
| tebu |
n. |
snake
|
| tedzi |
adj. |
big, honest
|
| tek |
n. |
untanned hide of a cow
|
| tela |
n. |
oil
|
| temɖel |
n. |
favorable circumstances, auspicious occasion
|
| temna |
adj. |
still, motionless
|
| tempa |
n. |
trap
|
| temrel |
n. |
blessing
|
| temtem |
adj. |
brimful
|
| ten- |
v. tr. |
to worship, venerate
|
| tentsi |
n. |
cushion
|
| tepaŋbotsi |
n. |
thumb
|
| tepna |
adj. |
wretched
|
| teptep |
adj. |
plain, flat
|
| tet- ~ tets- |
v. intr. |
to think
|
| tets |
n. |
thought, thinking
|
| tete |
n. |
grandfather
|
| tibril |
n. |
teapot
|
| tik- |
v. tr. |
to close (tr.)
|
| tiks- |
v. tr. |
to close (intr.)
|
| tiks |
n. |
lid
|
| tika |
n. |
bindī, dot of red color worn between the eyebrows (Indo-Aryan)
|
| tiki |
num. |
one
|
| tikna |
quant. |
little, few (of liquid objects)
|
| tikpa |
n. |
testicles
|
| tikpa pʰon- |
v. tr. |
to castrate
|
| tinan |
n. |
Tinan Valley
|
| tinankat |
n. |
Tinan language
|
| tinanpa |
n. |
person from Tinan Valley
|
| tiŋi |
adj. |
blue/green
|
| tiŋpipili |
n. |
green chili
|
| tip- |
v. tr. |
to beat
|
| tiptsi |
n. |
tip, top, peak
|
| tiskar |
n. |
thirst
|
| tispu |
n. |
mill
|
| tit- |
v. intr. |
to irrigate
|
| tjal kʰet- |
v. tr. |
to swim
|
| tjo- |
v. intr. |
to weep
|
| to- |
v. tr. |
to dress (with a cap) (tr.)
|
| to- |
v. mid. |
to dress (with a cap) (refl.)
|
| to- |
v. tr. |
to lead
|
| to- |
v. tr. |
to beat a drum
|
| toba |
n. |
haste, hurry
|
| tok- |
v. tr. |
to recognize
|
| tok- |
v. tr. |
to take off (clothes) (tr.)
|
| tok- |
v. mid. |
to take off (clothes) (refl.)
|
| tok- |
v. tr. |
to pluck
|
| toka |
adv. |
only
|
| tokna |
adj. |
correct, right
|
| tokom |
n. |
saddlecloth, colorful sitting carpet
|
| toks- |
v. intr. |
to be called
|
| tol- |
v. tr. |
to pierce
|
| tolmo |
n. |
crossbreed between bull and yak (female)
|
| tolpo |
n. |
crossbreed between bull and yak (male)
|
| ton- |
v. tr. |
to lift up
|
| tondʑuksla |
n. |
11th month of the traditional calendar
|
| tonpa |
n. |
teacher
|
| tontʰok |
n. |
crops, harvest
|
| toŋ |
num. |
thousand (Tibetan)
|
| toŋpa |
adj. |
empty
|
| torma |
n. |
idol of evil spirits
|
| tot |
n. |
Tod valley
|
| tot- |
v. intr. |
to be affected by
|
| totpa |
n. |
person from Tod Valley
|
| totsi |
n. |
turban
|
| tottok |
adv. |
up the valley
|
| tra- |
v. mid. |
to sunbathe
|
| trak- |
v. tr. |
to scratch
|
| tral- |
v. tr. |
to tear (tr.)
|
| trap |
n. |
bridle (to ride)
|
| tre |
n. |
fermenting agent
|
| trinmo |
n. |
demon, specter (female)
|
| trinpo |
n. |
demon, specter (male)
|
| trok |
n. |
life
|
| troks- |
v. intr. |
to become frightened
|
| trons |
n. |
jewelry for the ear
|
| tru- |
v. tr. |
to light, to kindle (electric light and fire)
|
| tru- |
v. mid. |
to burn (intr.) (of electric light and fire)
|
| truj |
num. |
six
|
| truk- |
v. tr. |
to knead
|
| trukna |
adj. |
together
|
| truks |
n. |
sweat
|
| trwa |
n. |
purse worn around your neck
|
| trwan- |
v. tr. |
to hang (tr.), to hang up
|
| tu- |
v. |
to light, to kindle (wood, candles)
|
| tus- |
v. mid. |
to burn (of wood, candles)
|
| tuk- |
v. tr. |
to sew
|
| tuk |
n. |
parasitic worm living on sheep
|
| tukak |
n. |
red stone
|
| tukt- |
v. mid. |
to drip (from a full vessel)
|
| tul |
n. |
dust
|
| tul- |
v. tr. |
to tame, to teach manners
|
| tum- |
v. tr. |
to sweep
|
| tum- |
v. tr. |
to assemble
|
| tumtsi |
n. |
berry
|
| tun- |
v. tr. |
to inhale
|
| tunik |
adj. |
short
|
| tuŋ- |
v. intr. |
to drink
|
| tuŋi |
adj. |
thick (flat things)
|
| tup- |
v. tr. |
to cut
|
| turt- |
v. intr. |
to shake, to tremble
|
| twa- |
v. intr. |
to mow
|
| twas |
n. |
harvest
|
| twan- |
v. tr. |
to borrow, to lend
|
| twaski sla |
n. |
month of harvest
|
| tʰadzu |
v. dem. |
that
|
| tʰadzuŋ |
v. dem. |
there
|
| tʰaj |
v. dem. |
up there
|
| tʰak- |
v. tr. |
to break (tr.)
|
| tʰakɕa |
n. |
weaving comb
|
| tʰakɕa kʰet- |
v. tr. |
to batten (loom)
|
| tʰakpa |
n. |
rope
|
| tʰaks- |
v. intr. |
to get ready
|
| tʰaks |
adj. |
ready
|
| tʰakʰap |
n. |
needle (big)
|
| tʰalt- |
v. mid. |
to pass, to elapse
|
| tʰamatʰome |
adj. |
careless
|
| tʰami |
v. dem. |
down there
|
| tʰan |
adv. |
today
|
| tʰansuŋ |
adv. |
this year
|
| tʰaŋ |
adj. |
plain
|
| tʰaŋ |
n. |
(1) plain; (2) grazing grounds
|
| tʰaŋ- |
v. tr. |
to see
|
| tʰap |
n. |
fire-place, hearth
|
| tʰapa |
n. |
Indian, person of Indo-Aryan origin
|
| tʰaptsaŋ |
n. |
kitchen
|
| tʰar- |
v. tr. |
to forge, to beat metal
|
| tʰara |
v. dem. |
that other
|
| tʰaraŋ |
v. dem. |
in that other place
|
| tʰaskat |
n. |
Hindi language
|
| tʰat- |
v. intr. |
to be happy
|
| tʰat- |
v. tr. |
to drop, to take down, to fell (trees)
|
| tʰats |
n. |
pleasure
|
| tʰatɕa |
n. |
shepherd's camp in the high mountains (Indo-Aryan)
|
| tʰatɕak |
n. |
seam
|
| tʰatiŋ |
n. |
surrounding area
|
| tʰe |
v. dem. |
this
|
| tʰek- |
v. tr. |
to be able to carry, to be able to endure
|
| tʰe=lek |
v. dem. |
as much as this
|
| tʰempa |
n. |
stairs (made of stone)
|
| tʰentsuk |
v. dem. |
this kind of, such
|
| tʰep- |
v. tr. |
(1) to catch; (2) to check a herd of cattle for missing animals
|
| tʰetsoms |
n. |
doubt
|
| tʰi- |
v. mid. |
to melt, to dissolve
|
| tʰiː |
adj. |
(1) liquid; (2) wet
|
| tʰikma |
n. |
tie-dye
|
| tʰiktsi |
n. |
crossbeam (small)
|
| tʰil |
n. |
bottom, ground
|
| tʰin- |
v. tr. |
to take, to accept
|
| tʰip- |
v. mid. |
to fight, to quarrel
|
| tʰipna |
adj. |
dedicated, devoted
|
| tʰir- |
v. tr. |
to send (a person)
|
| tʰjot- |
v. intr. |
to weep (pl.)
|
| tʰohit |
n. |
notebook
|
| tʰoj |
adj. |
high
|
| tʰok |
n. |
ceiling
|
| tʰok- |
v. intr. |
to leak, to drip
|
| tʰok- |
v. tr. |
to announce
|
| tʰoktset |
n. |
story (of a building)
|
| tʰombu |
n. |
ladle (big & cylindric)
|
| tʰon- |
v. tr. |
to finish, to complete
|
| tʰoŋ |
n. |
room
|
| tʰoŋ |
adv. |
inside
|
| tʰopna |
adj. |
without giving thought
|
| tʰopo |
n. |
cup
|
| tʰoptʰop |
adj. |
mentally retarded
|
| tʰor- |
v. tr. |
to pour into (big vessels)
|
| tʰos- |
v. intr. |
to be high
|
| tʰotpa |
n. |
skull
|
| tʰruŋ- |
v. tr. |
to nourish
|
| tʰu |
n. |
spittle
|
| tʰuk- |
v. tr. |
to crash into, to bounce against
|
| tʰukdʑe |
n. |
help, favor
|
| tʰukpa |
n. |
noodle soup
|
| tʰuktak |
n. |
hon. prophecy
|
| tʰum- |
v. tr. |
to wrap
|
| tʰums |
n. |
wrapping
|
| tʰun |
n. |
meditation
|
| tʰunt- |
v. intr. |
to agree, to become friends
|
| tʰurgop |
n. |
headstall
|
| tʰurtsʰes |
n. |
waning phase of the moon
|
| tʰuru |
n. |
foal
|
| tʰwa- |
v. tr. |
to beg
|
| tʰwa |
n. |
hammer (big)
|
| da- |
v. tr. |
to give
|
| da |
adv. |
now
|
| dagam |
n. |
arm's length (traditional length measure)
|
| daka |
n. |
long and cylindric double-sided drum
|
| dakpo |
n. |
husband
|
| daksam |
adv. |
now
|
| dakt- |
v. mid. |
to break (intr.)
|
| dal |
n. |
slowness
|
| daltok |
adv. |
slow, late
|
| dam- |
v. tr. |
to choose
|
| dampo |
adj. |
tight
|
| dan |
n. |
belly, stomach
|
| dana |
n. |
Manali
|
| dangjaks |
adv. |
in six days
|
| daŋ |
n. |
meadow
|
| daŋra |
n. |
cow shed
|
| daŋta |
adv. |
still
|
| daps |
n. |
side
|
| dar |
n. |
mountain ridge
|
| darpotɕʰe |
n. |
big prayer flags
|
| dart- |
v. intr. |
to emerge, to develop
|
| dartɕok |
n. |
prayer flag on house roofs
|
| dartsa |
n. |
pan
|
| daru |
n. |
ladle (wooden)
|
| daːstok |
adv. |
meanwhile
|
| dat- |
v. intr. |
to fall down
|
| datɕi |
n. |
pruning knife
|
| datle |
adv. |
right now, just now
|
| datpa |
n. |
belief, trust
|
| dawa |
n. |
Monday
|
| dej |
adj. |
beautiful, pleasant
|
| demtsi |
n. |
bridge (small)
|
| densa |
n. |
pity
|
| deŋ- ~ deŋs- |
v. intr. |
to believe
|
| deŋs |
n. |
belief
|
| deŋme |
n. |
belief
|
| depna |
adj. |
flat, plain (of land)
|
| det- |
v. intr. |
to lead
|
| dik |
n. |
vase-shaped pot
|
| dikpa |
n. |
sin
|
| dikparatsa |
n. |
scorpion
|
| diksak |
n. |
sister-in-law
|
| dilak |
adv. |
on the right side of a valley (when looking downstream)
|
| diŋski |
adv. |
always
|
| dip- |
v. tr. |
to tear down (roof)
|
| dipt- |
v. mid. |
to collapse (of roofs) (intr.)
|
| dir |
n. |
bolt, bar
|
| dirt- |
v. intr. |
to thunder
|
| djara |
n. |
season, period
|
| djwak |
adv. |
two days ago
|
| dok |
n. |
color
|
| dok waŋs- |
v. intr. |
to become successful, to become healthy
|
| dokmet |
adj. |
weak
|
| doktsi |
n. |
handle (of agricultural instruments)
|
| dolam |
n. |
pair of kettle drums
|
| dole |
n. |
oval metal bowl
|
| dolt- |
v. intr. |
to be torn, to be pierced
|
| dolt- |
v. mid. |
to be torn, to be pierced
|
| dom |
n. |
bear
|
| dom- |
v. mid. |
to be busy
|
| don- |
v. intr. |
hon. to eat
|
| dontʰak |
n. |
skills of managing
|
| doŋbo |
n. |
log
|
| doŋmo |
n. |
churn
|
| dopna |
adj. |
plain, pure, uncooked
|
| dorok |
adj. |
free, for free
|
| dot- |
v. intr. |
to meet, to touch
|
| dralt- |
v. mid. |
to be torn
|
| dran- |
v. tr. |
to miss
|
| dras- |
v. tr. |
to chase away
|
| dril- |
v. tr. |
to roll out
|
| drilu |
n. |
bell (used for rituals)
|
| du |
n. |
cloud, fog
|
| du- |
v. tr. |
to collect, to gather
|
| dubaŋ |
n. |
front leg (of animals)
|
| duk |
n. |
poison
|
| duk- |
v. tr. |
to touch, to put together
|
| dukpo |
n. |
traditional dress of women
|
| dumbu |
n. |
small pieces
|
| dun |
num. |
seven (Tibetan)
|
| duntɕu |
num. |
seventy (Tibetan)
|
| duntsar |
n. |
small bowl used for ceremonies
|
| dunʈʰak |
n. |
week
|
| duɲam |
adv. |
simultaneously
|
| duŋ |
n. |
pestle
|
| duŋ |
n. |
conch shell
|
| duŋal |
n. |
mourning
|
| duŋrutsi |
n. |
vitiligo
|
| dupa |
n. |
ancestor
|
| dupdup |
adj. |
blunt, edgeless
|
| dupna |
adj. |
blunt, edgeless
|
| dur- |
v. mid. |
to compete, to take on
|
| durek |
adv. |
earlier, before
|
| durna |
adj. |
running (of nose)
|
| dutɕi ~ dutɕumaŋ |
adv. |
in front of, before
|
| dutpa |
n. |
knot
|
| dwaŋ |
adv. |
two years ago
|
| na |
n. |
oath
|
| nak |
n. |
pus
|
| naka |
n. |
kind, sort
|
| nakɕa |
n. |
picture
|
| nakj |
adj. |
flexible
|
| naksa |
n. |
ink
|
| nalma |
n. |
yarn
|
| nam |
n. |
sky
|
| nam |
n. |
daughter-in-law
|
| namdo |
n. |
meteorite
|
| namdʑuk |
n. |
future, time to come
|
| namgaŋ |
n. |
new moon
|
| namlaŋs |
n. |
ritual performed in the early morning on a wedding day by the ɖomba (Lohar)
|
| nams- |
v. intr. |
to burn off
|
| namtɕamtɕim |
n. |
dusk, twilight
|
| nan- |
v. tr. |
to press
|
| nan- |
v. tr. |
to bury stocks of food
|
| nan- |
v. tr. |
to control, to seize control of
|
| naŋ |
n. |
inside
|
| naŋdʑin |
adj. |
like, similar
|
| naŋrek |
adv. |
into, inside
|
| naŋs |
n. |
thought, notice
|
| naŋsmettok |
adv. |
suddenly
|
| naŋtɕi |
adv. |
inside
|
| naŋtsi |
n. |
bracelet
|
| napti |
n. |
mucus
|
| nas- |
v. intr. |
to be sick
|
| naspati |
n. |
pear (Indo-Aryan)
|
| natɕoŋma |
n. |
young woman
|
| natpa |
n. |
sick person, patient
|
| ne- |
v. tr. |
to rub in, to tan
|
| nego |
n. |
pilgrimage in holy years
|
| nej |
adj. |
thick (of liquids)
|
| nek |
adv. |
last year
|
| nekor |
n. |
pilgrimage
|
| neme |
adj. |
tasty
|
| nen |
n. |
relative
|
| neneɲuŋne |
n. |
Buddhist fasting festival
|
| nerpa |
n. |
manager of a monastery
|
| ni |
num. |
two (Tibetan)
|
| niɕu |
num. |
twenty (Tibetan)
|
| nidza |
num. |
twenty
|
| nidʑi |
num. |
seven
|
| nil |
n. |
gums
|
| nimapʰet |
n. |
noon
|
| nimbu |
n. |
lemon (Indo-Aryan)
|
| nin |
n. |
daytime
|
| ninmun |
adv. |
day and night
|
| niŋ- |
v. tr. |
to rub oil into hair (tr.)
|
| niŋ- |
v. tr. |
to rub oil into hair (refl.)
|
| niŋdʑes |
n. |
compassion, pity
|
| niŋrus |
n. |
effort, industry
|
| niŋs |
n. |
wish
|
| nira |
n. |
afternoon
|
| nirma |
n. |
wrinkle
|
| nisdap |
adj. |
double
|
| niskiŋ |
num. |
two
|
| nispi |
num. |
two (for human beings)
|
| nit- |
v. mid. |
to wither
|
| nitsi |
n. |
sun
|
| noj |
quant. |
(too) much, (too) many
|
| nomo |
n. |
sister (younger)
|
| noŋs- |
v. intr. |
to be spoilt, to be destroyed
|
| nor |
n. |
jewelry
|
| norbu |
n. |
jewel
|
| nort- |
v. intr. |
to be confounded
|
| noskjal |
n. |
harm
|
| nospok |
n. |
truth
|
| not- |
v. intr. |
to be harmful
|
| notpa |
n. |
harm
|
| nubiŋ |
adv. |
in two years
|
| nuj |
adj. |
new
|
| nu=lek |
v. dem. |
as much as that
|
| num |
n. |
oil
|
| num |
adj. |
greasy, oily
|
| num- |
v. tr. |
to smell
|
| numaŋ |
n. |
jade
|
| nuntsuk |
v. dem. |
that kind of, such
|
| nuŋ |
v. dem. |
there
|
| nup |
n. |
west
|
| nupar |
n. |
cream, milk skin
|
| nusgjak |
v. dem. |
on that day
|
| nwaːstok |
adv. |
at that time
|
| pak- |
v. tr. |
to measure
|
| pak- |
v. tr. |
to put cow dung on a wall
|
| pakbu |
n. |
caterpillar
|
| paksgormo |
n. |
big cup (used in ceremonies)
|
| paldʑarak |
n. |
stones used to cover a roof
|
| pan- |
v. mid. |
to fly
|
| pan- |
v. tr. |
to scare away animals
|
| pant- |
v. intr. |
to spin
|
| paŋ |
n. |
spindle
|
| paŋkreks |
n. |
(1) hook (of a spindle); (2) kneecap
|
| paŋpo |
n. |
witness
|
| paŋs |
n. |
meadow
|
| papu |
n. |
sock
|
| pardaŋ |
n. |
excitement
|
| parget |
n. |
belt
|
| pari |
adj. |
wide, broad
|
| parindʑa |
n. |
bow-string
|
| parka |
n. |
will power
|
| paru |
n. |
small box
|
| pat |
n. |
letter (Indo-Aryan)
|
| paʈakna |
adv. |
immediately
|
| pawla |
n. |
shoe
|
| pe- |
v. tr. |
to pick up
|
| peltsi |
n. |
milk
|
| pera |
n. |
basket (carried with hands)
|
| pes |
n. |
divination
|
| petal |
n. |
plate (Indo-Aryan)
|
| petɕa |
n. |
book
|
| petɕuŋ |
n. |
father's sister's husband
|
| petse |
n. |
twins
|
| piː |
num. |
four
|
| pil- |
v. tr. |
to sieve, to sift
|
| piltsi |
n. |
sift
|
| pimik |
n. |
hip, hip joint
|
| pin- |
v. tr. |
to fill, to load, to stuff
|
| pipili |
n. |
chilly (Indo-Aryan)
|
| piri |
n. |
border of a field
|
| pispis |
n. |
engorgement
|
| pistok |
n. |
barter among relatives
|
| pitaŋ |
n. |
door
|
| piti |
n. |
Spiti
|
| pitikat |
n. |
Tibetan variety of Spiti
|
| pitsi |
n. |
rope (thin)
|
| pjak- |
v. tr. |
(1) to hide (tr.); (2) to bury
|
| pjar- |
v. tr. |
to attach, to fix, to glue
|
| pjar- |
v. |
to winnow
|
| pjatsi |
n. |
bird
|
| pjoŋpjoŋtsi |
n. |
uvula
|
| pju- |
v. tr. |
to see off, to drop (a person)
|
| pju- |
v. mid. |
to see off, to drop (a person)
|
| pjutsi |
n. |
mouse, rat
|
| po- |
v. tr. |
to soak
|
| polɖo |
n. |
ball
|
| pon |
n. |
artist, painter
|
| porotsi |
n. |
heap of grain in fields
|
| portsi |
n. |
navel
|
| pos |
n. |
incense
|
| pra- |
v. tr. |
to say goodbye, to bid farewell
|
| pra tɕek- |
v. mid. |
to be surprised
|
| prak- |
v. tr. |
to cut, to divide
|
| prakpʰuk |
n. |
cave
|
| prantsi |
n. |
small twigs
|
| praŋ- |
v. tr. |
to stretch out
|
| praps |
n. |
worm living on the sheep of wool
|
| prek- |
v. tr. |
to shovel snow
|
| prektsi |
n. |
broom
|
| preŋpreŋtsi |
n. |
spine
|
| prim- |
v. tr. |
to swab (tr.)
|
| prims- |
v. mid. |
to swab (refl.)
|
| prin |
n. |
glue
|
| pro |
n. |
anger
|
| proks |
n. |
kick
|
| pu |
n. |
(1) body hair; (2) fur
|
| pu |
n. |
chaff
|
| puɕa |
n. |
head
|
| pujdak |
adj. |
beautiful (of objects), of good quality
|
| puk |
n. |
roasted barley
|
| puk- |
v. tr. |
to rub in (soap) (tr.)
|
| puk- |
v. tr. |
to rub in (soap) (refl.)
|
| pul- |
v. tr. |
to pull out, to tear out
|
| pula |
n. |
traditional shoe made of grass
|
| pumpa |
n. |
shoulder
|
| punasla |
n. |
4rd month of the traditional calendar
|
| puŋt- |
v. intr. |
to grow
|
| pur- |
v. tr. |
to kill
|
| pur |
n. |
hon. dead body
|
| puri |
n. |
pipe of stove
|
| purkjum |
n. |
soot on stove
|
| pus |
n. |
knee
|
| put |
n. |
teat
|
| putuŋ |
n. |
penis
|
| puʈukna |
adv. |
immediately
|
| pʰa- |
v. tr. |
to spray, to scatter
|
| pʰaɕu |
n. |
vagina
|
| pʰak- |
v. tr. |
to fuck
|
| pʰakpʰjas |
n. |
secret
|
| pʰala |
n. |
ploughshare
|
| pʰalaŋpjatsi |
n. |
bat
|
| pʰam- |
v. tr. |
to defeat
|
| pʰan- |
v. intr. |
to sew
|
| pʰans |
n. |
seam
|
| pʰan- |
v. intr. |
to be beneficial, to be effective
|
| pʰandilbaʈi |
n. |
kind of pot
|
| pʰanɖu |
n. |
arrowhead
|
| pʰantɕipa |
n. |
tailor
|
| pʰantʰoks |
n. |
benefit
|
| pʰaŋpʰaŋ |
adj. |
light (of hollow things)
|
| pʰaŋs |
n. |
sorrow
|
| pʰaŋs- |
v. |
be sorry, be miser
|
| pʰap- |
v. |
take down
|
| pʰardut |
n. |
knot
|
| pʰasna |
adv. |
suddenly
|
| pʰasta |
adv. |
by chance
|
| pʰat |
n. |
bag
|
| pʰat- |
v. tr. |
to undo, to free from a chain
|
| pʰatilbaʈi |
n. |
pot
|
| pʰel- |
v. tr. |
to increase, to multiply
|
| pʰen- |
v. tr. |
to pour out, to empty, to spill
|
| pʰet |
n. |
half
|
| pʰet- |
v. tr. |
to make a path in the snow
|
| pʰetarak |
n. |
(1) forehead; (2) luck
|
| pʰetse ama |
n. |
aunt (mother's 2nd youngest sister)
|
| pʰetse awa |
n. |
uncle (father's 2nd youngest brother)
|
| pʰetsetsi |
adj. |
young (babies and small children)
|
| pʰetʈel |
adj. |
half-done, half-finished
|
| pʰi |
n. |
outside, surface
|
| pʰiː |
adv. |
late
|
| pʰik- |
v. tr. |
to fuck
|
| pʰilak |
adv. |
outside
|
| pʰimpa |
n. |
felt
|
| pʰinaŋ |
adv. |
inside and outside
|
| pʰirek |
adv. |
abroad, outside
|
| pʰiro |
n. |
night
|
| pʰisa |
n. |
feces
|
| pʰitok |
n. |
evening
|
| pʰitokdʑuŋ |
n. |
late evening
|
| pʰja- |
v. intr. |
to speak
|
| pʰjas |
n. |
talk
|
| pʰja |
n. |
marmot
|
| pʰjar- |
v. tr. |
to raise, to lift up
|
| pʰjormo |
adj. |
pretty
|
| pʰjorpo |
adj. |
handsome
|
| pʰju |
n. |
fart
|
| pʰjukpo |
adj. |
rich
|
| pʰoj |
adj. |
moist
|
| pʰok- |
v. intr. |
to be hurt
|
| pʰokara |
n. |
donkey (male)
|
| pʰokʰju |
n. |
dog (male)
|
| pʰon- |
v. tr. |
to twist, to take out
|
| pʰot |
n. |
dried stuff
|
| pʰot- |
v. tr. |
to dress (with a shirt) (tr.)
|
| pʰot- |
v. mid. |
to dress (with a shirt) (refl.)
|
| pʰots |
n. |
clothes
|
| pʰotɕomo |
n. |
hermaphrodite
|
| pʰotsi |
n. |
idol made of flour
|
| pʰra |
n. |
rosary
|
| pʰrak- |
v. tr. |
to dismantle partially
|
| pʰral- |
v. tr. |
to separate
|
| pʰran- |
v. tr. |
to turn over
|
| pʰrek- |
v. tr. |
to cause to slide down in small portions (of hay, earth, etc.)
|
| pʰremalik |
n. |
butterfly
|
| pʰreŋna |
adj. |
standing in a row
|
| pʰreŋpʰreŋ |
adj. |
lying in a row
|
| pʰrettok |
adv. |
horizontal
|
| pʰri- |
v. tr. |
to take away, to diminish
|
| pʰrin |
n. |
message
|
| pʰrips |
n. |
sneezing
|
| pʰu |
n. |
puff of air
|
| pʰu- |
v. tr. |
to push
|
| pʰu |
n. |
big pot used for the distillation of liquor
|
| pʰu lot- |
v. tr. |
to blow (out)
|
| pʰuk |
n. |
cave, hole in surfaces
|
| pʰuk |
adj. |
narrow
|
| pʰul- |
v. tr. |
hon. to present, to offer
|
| pʰulgobi |
n. |
cauliflower (Indo-Aryan)
|
| pʰuli |
n. |
nose piercing
|
| pʰundʑi |
adj. |
hot (burning)
|
| pʰunʈi |
n. |
water (hot)
|
| pʰuŋ |
n. |
bundle of wool (not rolled up)
|
| pʰuŋpo |
n. |
hon. dead body
|
| pʰup |
n. |
shield
|
| pʰur- |
v. tr. |
to shake
|
| pʰurpa |
n. |
dagger for ceremonies
|
| pʰus |
n. |
stroke, blow
|
| pʰut- |
v. intr. |
to be frostbitten
|
| pʰwa |
n. |
stomach
|
| ba |
n. |
wall
|
| baɕi |
n. |
mixed breed of cow and yak
|
| bajaks |
adv. |
in three days
|
| bak |
n. |
mask
|
| bakɕatsi |
n. |
deep-fried bread
|
| baklok |
n. |
party held one year after the wedding ceremony and organized by the bride's family
|
| bakma |
n. |
bride
|
| baksken |
n. |
first night of the bridal couple
|
| bakston |
n. |
wedding
|
| bakta |
n. |
period, time (Indo-Aryan)
|
| baktʰuk |
n. |
glue
|
| bakʈʰitpa |
n. |
best man
|
| bala |
n. |
rose
|
| balbo |
n. |
Nepal
|
| balpa |
n. |
frog
|
| baltɕoŋ |
n. |
lizard
|
| balʈi |
n. |
bucket (Indo-Aryan)
|
| bamt- |
v. mid. |
to become insane
|
| ban- |
v. tr. |
to construct
|
| banɖe |
n. |
cow that does not give milk (because of pregnancy or sickness)
|
| banʈʰa |
n. |
share of heritage
|
| baŋ |
n. |
foot
|
| baŋbotsi |
n. |
toe
|
| baŋga |
n. |
marihuana
|
| baŋgjap |
n. |
dorsum of the foot
|
| baŋtʰil |
n. |
sole
|
| bap- |
v. intr. |
to be forced to do
|
| baps- |
v. intr. |
to come down
|
| baps- |
v. mid. |
to come down
|
| baptsa |
n. |
socks (short)
|
| bar- |
v. intr. |
(1) to bloom; (2) to flame (up)
|
| bar |
adv. |
often, sometimes
|
| barawa |
n. |
uncle (father's middle brother)
|
| barbarguŋ |
adv. |
often, sometimes
|
| bardo |
n. |
trouble, hardship
|
| barlak |
n. |
gap
|
| barlakkuŋ |
adv. |
sometimes
|
| bart- |
v. mid. |
to come undone
|
| bartsa |
n. |
spear
|
| bat |
n. |
bark
|
| batak |
n. |
root
|
| batsi |
n. |
(1) skin; (2) leather
|
| baʈi |
n. |
pot
|
| baʈo |
n. |
goat (male)
|
| bawa |
n. |
goiter
|
| be |
n. |
rock
|
| bema |
n. |
sand
|
| bent- |
v. intr. |
to be spilled
|
| bent- |
v. mid. |
to be spilled
|
| beŋbeŋ |
adj. |
unconscious
|
| beŋna |
adj. |
unconscious
|
| berbu |
n. |
trousers
|
| berka |
n. |
stick, threshing flail
|
| berkjak |
n. |
excrements of birds
|
| bertsot |
n. |
naughty child, rascal
|
| bes |
n. |
mutual help
|
| bes- |
v. mid. |
to help one another
|
| bet |
n. |
brother (younger)
|
| bet- |
v. tr. |
to add
|
| bete |
n. |
child, baby
|
| beʈa |
n. |
Mon, traditional musicians and petty-traders travelling in around in North India
|
| bidʑil |
n. |
electricity (Indo-Aryan)
|
| bik |
adj. |
full
|
| bila |
n. |
cat (Indo-Aryan)
|
| biŋ- |
v. intr. |
to become full
|
| biŋ |
n. |
years (of age)
|
| bitsi |
n. |
thread
|
| bjaj |
adj. |
thin (of flat things), light (of alcohol)
|
| bjak- |
v. intr. |
to hide oneself
|
| bjanmo |
n. |
wife
|
| bjantɕa |
n. |
piece of wood used in the distillation of arak
|
| bjart- |
v. mid. |
to be attached to, to stick to
|
| bjoŋbjoŋ |
adj. |
dangling
|
| bjoŋna |
adj. |
dangling
|
| bohik |
n. |
Tibetan script
|
| boj |
adj. |
thick (of long things), fat
|
| bok |
n. |
undulating part of a path
|
| bokbok |
adj. |
undulating (long distance)
|
| bokna |
adj. |
undulating (short distance)
|
| bolɲotsi |
n. |
excrements of goats and sheep
|
| bolok |
n. |
cow dung
|
| bont- |
v. mid. |
to become twisted
|
| bont- |
v. mid. |
to start going
|
| bor |
n. |
shrub
|
| bora |
n. |
bag
|
| bortsa |
n. |
shrub
|
| boskat |
n. |
Tibetan language
|
| bospa |
adj. |
vain
|
| bot |
n. |
Tibet
|
| boti |
n. |
whey
|
| botkjuŋ |
n. |
Tibet
|
| botsi |
n. |
finger
|
| botsibi |
n. |
index finger's breadth (traditional length measure)
|
| boʈul |
n. |
kind of pot
|
| boʈʰak |
n. |
index finger's breadth (traditional length measure)
|
| brak |
n. |
(1) rock; (2) wall
|
| brak- |
v. tr. |
to arrange, to tie up
|
| brakna |
adj. |
shining (sun)
|
| braktɕʰal |
n. |
echo
|
| bralt- |
v. mid. |
to break off and fall down
|
| brant- |
v. mid. |
to fall
|
| braŋbraŋ |
adj. |
full, satisfied
|
| braŋɕikpa |
n. |
tick-like insect
|
| braŋsa |
n. |
apartment, dwelling place
|
| braŋsi |
n. |
honey
|
| braŋsibujaŋ |
n. |
honey bee
|
| braŋsibupa |
n. |
bee-keeper
|
| braŋsitsʰaŋ |
n. |
bee hive
|
| bras |
n. |
rice
|
| bras- |
v. mid. |
to disperse, to separate
|
| braw |
n. |
buckwheat
|
| brawmjosla |
n. |
7th month of the traditional calendar
|
| brekt- |
v. mid. |
to slide, to slip
|
| brel- |
v. tr. |
to join together, to intertwine
|
| bret- |
v. intr. |
to slip
|
| bril- |
v. tr. |
to include
|
| brilbril |
adj. |
shapeless
|
| bris- |
v. tr. |
to write
|
| bro- |
v. tr. |
to mix
|
| bro- |
v. mid. |
to interact
|
| broks- |
v. intr. |
to rise (of water level)
|
| bromolalatsi |
n. |
rainbow
|
| broŋ- |
v. |
make fun of
|
| broŋs- |
v. intr. |
to prance, to romp
|
| broŋs- |
v. mid. |
to banter, to tease one another
|
| bru- |
v. tr. |
to rub, to clean
|
| bruk |
n. |
dragon
|
| bruk- |
v. intr. |
to overflow, to boil over
|
| brut- |
v. intr. |
to wipe off
|
| bu |
n. |
insect
|
| bu juk- |
v. mid. |
to become foggy
|
| bubu |
n. |
owl
|
| bujaŋ |
n. |
fly
|
| bul |
n. |
log, firewood (big pieces)
|
| bulon |
n. |
loan, debts
|
| bulʈʰuk |
n. |
stripes of dough put into soup
|
| bumpa |
n. |
cup for religious offerings
|
| bumskʰor |
n. |
annual ceremony in Keylong for a good harvest
|
| buŋ |
n. |
ankle
|
| buŋs- |
v. intr. |
to inflate due to chilblain
|
| bup- |
v. intr. |
to stumble
|
| bur |
n. |
ear of grain
|
| buras |
n. |
silk
|
| but- |
v. tr. |
to put, to place, to leave
|
| butsa |
n. |
boy, son
|
| buʈa |
n. |
tree
|
| bwa |
n. |
bubble
|
| ma |
n. |
boil, ulcer
|
| mabap |
n. |
bad talk
|
| mak |
n. |
fog
|
| makpa |
n. |
bridegroom, son-in-law
|
| makʰa |
n. |
wound (healing)
|
| mal |
n. |
place
|
| malams |
n. |
laziness
|
| mama |
n. |
breast (female)
|
| mamo |
n. |
sheep (female)
|
| mamoj |
adj. |
wild growing
|
| man |
n. |
medicine
|
| mane |
n. |
stone carved with mantras
|
| maneduŋgjur |
n. |
payer mill (big)
|
| manelakkʰor |
n. |
prayer mill (small)
|
| mankʰaŋ |
n. |
hospital
|
| manpʰot |
n. |
spices
|
| mantɕi |
n. |
medical plants
|
| maŋbala |
n. |
wild rose (red)
|
| maŋbuj |
adj. |
dark red
|
| maŋdu |
n. |
red sky at morning, afterglow
|
| maŋi |
adj. |
red
|
| maŋs |
n. |
dream
|
| mapdʑa |
n. |
peacock
|
| mar |
n. |
butter
|
| maraj |
adj. |
bad
|
| marap |
adj. |
bad
|
| marbotsi |
n. |
index finger
|
| marɕik |
adj. |
different
|
| mardej |
adj. |
ugly
|
| mardʑwa |
n. |
tsampa dish made from tsampa, butter and tea
|
| marektsi |
n. |
tick-like insect
|
| masa |
n. |
bed
|
| mat |
n. |
lower valley
|
| mataj |
adj. |
poor
|
| matʰem |
n. |
threshold
|
| me |
n. |
fire
|
| meɕiŋ |
n. |
firewood
|
| melaps |
n. |
flame
|
| melok |
n. |
Pattan Valley
|
| melokkat |
n. |
Pattani language
|
| melokpa |
n. |
person from Pattan Valley
|
| meluŋ |
n. |
hearth
|
| meme |
n. |
monk
|
| mentok |
n. |
flower
|
| mentsi |
n. |
lump of dough
|
| mert- |
v. intr. |
to become bright
|
| metɕi |
adv. |
lower (in a seating arrangement), a little downwards
|
| metɕuŋ |
n. |
mother's brother's wife
|
| metsaksa |
n. |
vessel for hot ash
|
| mewa |
n. |
mole, birthmark
|
| mi- |
v. mid. |
to think about, to reflect
|
| mijul |
n. |
earth
|
| mik |
n. |
eye
|
| mik- |
v. tr. |
to count
|
| mik tsʰaps- |
v. mid. |
to wink (eyes)
|
| mikbur |
n. |
painful infection of the eye
|
| mikkʰa |
n. |
evil eye
|
| mikpa |
n. |
horseshoe
|
| mikpʰokj |
n. |
evil eye
|
| mikra |
n. |
glasses
|
| mikrutsʰam |
n. |
eyebrow
|
| miks |
n. |
story
|
| mikspu |
n. |
eyelash
|
| mikti |
n. |
tear
|
| miktsi |
n. |
(1) eye of a needle; (2) eye of a millstone
|
| min |
n. |
name
|
| mint- |
v. intr. |
to ripen
|
| mintɕan |
n. |
famous
|
| miŋgjaks |
adv. |
in two days
|
| mir |
n. |
milk skin
|
| mirkja |
n. |
lay-man
|
| mitsʰe |
n. |
life
|
| mjaj |
adj. |
low
|
| mjaŋ- |
v. tr. |
to taste
|
| mjo- |
v. intr. |
to plough
|
| mjonba |
n. |
shaman, medium
|
| mjoŋ |
adv. |
downstairs
|
| mjosla |
n. |
6th month of the traditional calendar
|
| mjuŋ |
n. |
brother
|
| mo- |
v. tr. |
to roast
|
| munɕi |
n. |
teacher (Indo-Aryan)
|
| mok- |
v. tr. |
to cut hair (tr.)
|
| mok- |
v. mid. |
to cut hair (refl.)
|
| mokali |
n. |
turnip
|
| mokara |
n. |
donkey (female)
|
| mokɕa |
n. |
mushroom
|
| moktsi |
n. |
boil
|
| mokʈa |
n. |
bowl used to make momok
|
| mokʰju |
n. |
bitch
|
| molam |
n. |
prayer
|
| momok |
n. |
dumplings
|
| moms |
n. |
satisfaction
|
| moms- |
v. intr. |
to become full, to become satiated (from drinking)
|
| mot |
n. |
face
|
| moʈor |
n. |
car, truck (English)
|
| mu |
n. |
snow
|
| mudarsa |
n. |
school
|
| mudjwak |
adv. |
three days ago
|
| mudwaŋ |
adv. |
three years ago
|
| muk |
n. |
desire
|
| mukpa |
n. |
fog
|
| mukpoj |
adj. |
dark blue, brown
|
| mul |
n. |
silver
|
| muli |
adj. |
dark in color, greyish
|
| mulmul |
adj. |
lukewarm (liquids)
|
| mulna |
adj. |
lukewarm (liquids)
|
| munɖak |
n. |
darkness
|
| munɲa |
n. |
in dark night
|
| munpʰet |
n. |
midnight
|
| munt- |
v. intr. |
to get unconscious
|
| muntsi |
n. |
field (small)
|
| mur murs- |
v. mid. |
to grumble
|
| murt- |
v. intr. |
to snore
|
| musulɖu |
n. |
big pestle (used to separate grain and husk)
|
| mutik |
n. |
flea
|
| mutik |
n. |
pearl
|
| mutsʰa |
n. |
moustache
|
| tsak- |
v. tr. |
to put inside
|
| tsakatsoke |
adj. |
in small pieces
|
| tsalatsele |
adj. |
fuzzy
|
| tsani |
adj. |
(1) pointed; (2) burning hot
|
| tsanisla |
n. |
3rd month of the traditional calendar
|
| tsap- |
v. tr. |
to cut into pieces, to work on wood (of a carpenter)
|
| tsaps |
n. |
yeast
|
| tsaptsap |
adv. |
sometimes
|
| tsar- |
v. tr. |
to lay down, to lay out
|
| tsarkʰa |
n. |
spinning wheel
|
| tseɕu |
n. |
religious festival, “Devil Dance”
|
| tseltsel |
adj. |
round
|
| tsemet |
n. |
girl
|
| tsikŋan |
n. |
swearing
|
| tsimʈa |
n. |
tongs
|
| tsir- |
v. tr. |
to squeeze out
|
| tsirtsir |
n. |
drizzle
|
| tsitsi |
n. |
child
|
| tsok- |
v. tr. |
to pick, to carve
|
| tsokbotsi |
n. |
index finger
|
| tsokna |
adj. |
cross-legged
|
| tsokse |
adj. |
alike, similar (for animates)
|
| tsokskjoj |
n. |
span from the thumb to the index finger (traditional length measure)
|
| tsoms |
n. |
courtyard
|
| tsoŋ |
n. |
onion
|
| tsoŋna |
adj. |
upright
|
| tsoŋtsoŋ |
adj. |
upright
|
| tsopna |
adj. |
slight
|
| tsuk- |
v. tr. |
to begin, to plant, to educate
|
| tsuk- |
v. tr. |
to dress (with trouses) (tr.)
|
| tsuk- |
v. mid. |
to dress (with trouses) (refl.)
|
| tsukna |
adv. |
straight, directly
|
| tsukskisla |
n. |
1st month of the traditional calendar
|
| tsukʈʰuk |
n. |
sitting carpet (thin)
|
| tsum- |
v. tr. |
(1) to seize, to hold, to catch; (2) to chase
|
| tsums |
n. |
handle
|
| tsuna |
quant. |
few, little (solid objects)
|
| tswar- |
v. tr. |
to strew, to scatter
|
| tsʰa |
n. |
salt
|
| tsʰak |
n. |
sieve
|
| tsʰak- |
v. tr. |
to filter
|
| tsʰakj |
adj. |
useless
|
| tsʰaks |
n. |
trouble
|
| tsʰaks el- |
v. intr. |
to be disarticulated, to be dislocated
|
| tsʰal- |
v. tr. |
to split, to saw
|
| tsʰale |
n. |
glaze
|
| tsʰam |
n. |
(1) fur of goats and sheep; (2) wool
|
| tsʰamik |
n. |
chilly
|
| tsʰamo |
n. |
sister-in-law
|
| tsʰams |
n. |
retreat
|
| tsʰan |
n. |
resin
|
| tsʰaŋ- |
v. tr. |
to throw away, to drop
|
| tsʰaŋ |
n. |
nest, burrow, den, cobweb
|
| tsʰaŋi |
adj. |
all
|
| tsʰaps |
n. |
aim, goal
|
| tsʰaps |
n. |
substitute
|
| tsʰas |
n. |
garden
|
| tsʰaskaŋ |
n. |
flower bed
|
| tsʰat |
n. |
fever
|
| tsʰat |
n. |
limit
|
| tsʰatpa |
n. |
heat
|
| tsʰattsʰattok |
adv. |
from time to time
|
| tsʰaw |
n. |
brother-in-law, nephew
|
| tsʰe |
n. |
life
|
| tsʰek |
adj. |
filthy, dirty
|
| tsʰengjaks |
adv. |
in five days
|
| tsʰepa |
n. |
calendar's day
|
| tsʰer |
n. |
sadness
|
| tsʰer- |
v. intr. |
to be sad
|
| tsʰeril |
n. |
tsampa pills
|
| tsʰikpa |
n. |
anger
|
| tsʰikspa |
n. |
joint
|
| tsʰims- |
v. intr. |
to become full, to become satiated (from eating)
|
| tsʰir |
n. |
turn
|
| tsʰo |
n. |
lake, sea
|
| tsʰok |
n. |
accumulation (of merit)
|
| tsʰoks |
n. |
ritual performed by a whole village
|
| tsʰoks |
n. |
consecrated food
|
| tsʰol- |
v. tr. |
to search, to look for
|
| tsʰoma |
n. |
vegetables
|
| tsʰon |
n. |
color
|
| tsʰor- |
v. tr. |
to feel
|
| tsʰos |
n. |
fat (solid)
|
| tsʰu |
n. |
handle
|
| tsʰuks- |
v. intr. |
to settle down
|
| tsʰuks- |
v. mid. |
to settle down
|
| tsʰwa- |
v. tr. |
to share, to distribute
|
| tsʰwak |
n. |
thorn
|
| tsʰwakbur |
n. |
thornbush
|
| tsʰwaktumtsi |
n. |
seabuckthorn
|
| tsʰwar- |
v. tr. |
to scatter
|
| dza- |
v. intr. |
to eat
|
| dzakdzak |
n. |
backache
|
| dzaktsi |
n. |
coiling
|
| dzakʰaŋ |
n. |
storeroom for food
|
| dzambuliŋ |
n. |
universe
|
| dzamenliksa |
n. |
kitchen
|
| dzampa |
n. |
bridge
|
| dzanare |
quant. |
very many, very much
|
| dzaŋdzaŋ |
n. |
insincere refusal
|
| dzaŋi |
adj. |
(1) sharp; (2) holy
|
| dzaŋpo |
adj. |
clear, good
|
| dzaŋs- |
v. intr. |
to get dark
|
| dzaŋsma |
n. |
copper
|
| dzaŋstar |
n. |
tripod (made of iron)
|
| dzaradzore |
n. |
stumps (of cut off branches), tree trunk
|
| dzat |
n. |
barley
|
| dzat- |
v. tr. |
hon. to do, to make
|
| dzaw |
n. |
friend
|
| dzeba |
n. |
small cracks in wall
|
| dzejba |
n. |
temple
|
| dzep |
n. |
stallion
|
| dzer |
n. |
nail
|
| dzer- |
v. tr. |
to stick into
|
| dzermo |
n. |
claw
|
| dzik |
n. |
leopard
|
| dzilpa |
n. |
dew
|
| dziŋ |
n. |
pool, pond
|
| dziŋ- |
v. tr. |
to scold
|
| dziŋs- |
v. intr. |
to quarrel
|
| dziŋs- |
v. mid. |
to quarrel
|
| dziŋdziŋ |
n. |
dizziness
|
| dziŋdziŋ |
n. |
massive snowfall
|
| dziŋgil |
n. |
noise, disturbance
|
| dziŋmo |
n. |
quarrel, fight
|
| dziŋs |
n. |
quarreling person
|
| dzo |
n. |
crossbreed between yak and cow (male, 1st generation)
|
| dzokdzok |
adj. |
thick (of liquids), juicy
|
| dzokna |
adj. |
statue-like, without moving
|
| dzom- |
v. intr. |
to assemble
|
| dzomo |
n. |
crossbreed between yak and cow (female, 1st generation)
|
| dzomraŋs |
n. |
meeting, festival
|
| dzoŋdzoŋ |
adj. |
long (of manufactured things)
|
| dzoŋs |
n. |
gift of money for newly married couples
|
| dzopo |
n. |
bull (castrated)
|
| dzorabare |
adj. |
meaningless, without any reason
|
| dzordzor |
adj. |
standing out (of nails, branches, etc.)
|
| dzordzor |
n. |
bulge
|
| dzorna |
adj. |
standing out (of nails, branches, etc.)
|
| dzot |
n. |
store-room
|
| dzot- |
v. intr. |
to resist
|
| dzuk |
n. |
pain, sickness
|
| dzuk- |
v. tr. |
to begin
|
| dzuks |
n. |
body
|
| dzult- |
v. intr. |
to bark
|
| dzumdzum |
n. |
uneasy feeling
|
| dzuŋi |
n. |
pair
|
| dzural |
n. |
vent on the sides of a dukpo (traditional dress)
|
| dzuʈʰu |
n. |
plait
|
| dzwa |
n. |
bucket
|
| ja- |
v. tr. |
to serve (drinks and liquid food)
|
| ja |
n. |
bad food
|
| jaː |
adv. |
yesterday
|
| jak |
n. |
yak
|
| jaks- |
v. intr. |
to make fun of, to talk badly
|
| jamtsʰan |
adj. |
strange, different
|
| jantʰondok |
adv. |
surrounding
|
| jaŋ- |
v. |
to serve (solid food)
|
| jaŋ- |
v. |
to draw (sword), to strike out
|
| jaŋi |
adj. |
light (in weight)
|
| jaŋla pʰok- |
v. intr. |
to get a sunburn
|
| jaŋpʰet |
num. |
quarter
|
| jaŋsken |
n. |
dinner
|
| jaŋstok |
adv. |
last night
|
| jaŋtete |
n. |
great-grandfather
|
| jaŋʈʰek |
n. |
roof top
|
| jap- |
v. tr. |
to split (with a saw)
|
| jarap |
adj. |
noble, well-behaved
|
| jartok |
adv. |
above
|
| jartsʰes |
n. |
waxing phase of moon
|
| jas |
adv. |
right(side)
|
| jato |
n. |
friend, help
|
| jatʰem |
n. |
upper doorframe
|
| jen- |
cop. |
equative copula
|
| jo- |
v. tr. |
hon. to cook
|
| joj |
adj. |
askew
|
| jok- |
v. tr. |
to buy
|
| jok- |
v. tr. |
to keep
|
| jokmo |
n. |
servant, slave (female)
|
| jokpo |
n. |
servant, slave (male)
|
| joldʑi |
n. |
early afternoon
|
| jolt- |
v. intr. |
to fade
|
| jomjom |
adv. |
back and forth
|
| jon |
adv. |
left(side)
|
| jondak |
n. |
head of a household (male)
|
| jondakmo |
n. |
head of the household (female)
|
| jorok |
adv. |
upstairs
|
| jos- |
v. intr. |
to become drunk
|
| jos |
n. |
drunkenness
|
| jot- |
v. intr. |
to get lost
|
| jot- |
v. tr. |
to lose
|
| jotɕi |
adv. |
higher (in a seating arrangement), a little bit upwards
|
| ju- |
v. tr. |
to grind
|
| juɕi |
n. |
tsampa (roasted flour)
|
| juj |
adj. |
old (of things)
|
| juk- |
v. tr. |
to throw away, to throw down, to roll (stones)
|
| jukna |
adv. |
right now, immediately
|
| jul |
n. |
country, village
|
| juparan |
n. |
turquoise stone
|
| jur |
n. |
water channel
|
| juspa |
n. |
whistling
|
| justa |
adv. |
for a short while
|
| jwaŋ- |
v. intr. |
to grow up
|
| ra- |
v. intr. |
to come
|
| rabarobe |
adj. |
rough
|
| raɕa |
n. |
goat meat
|
| raɕi |
n. |
rope (thick)
|
| ragan |
n. |
brass
|
| ral |
n. |
roasted barley flower used to thicken soups
|
| ral- |
v. tr. |
to dissolve (of liquids) (tr.)
|
| ralak |
adv. |
on the left side of a valley (when looking downstream)
|
| ralɖi |
n. |
sword
|
| ramne |
n. |
consecration
|
| ran |
n. |
hard snow on which one can walk
|
| ra:na |
adj. |
often coming
|
| rant- |
v. intr. |
to weave
|
| raŋga soso |
pron. |
each their own
|
| raŋtsi |
n. |
sleeve
|
| ras |
n. |
cloth (made of cotton), towel
|
| ratɕi |
adv. |
other side
|
| raʈabul |
n. |
mill wheel of a water-mill
|
| rawa |
n. |
hoof
|
| re |
n. |
umbilical cord
|
| reks- |
v. intr. |
to shiver
|
| rektsi |
n. |
kernel
|
| reks |
n. |
shivering, trembling
|
| rekʰolak |
n. |
earwax
|
| remo |
n. |
line
|
| repak |
n. |
Triloknath
|
| rere |
pron. |
each
|
| retsi |
n. |
ear
|
| rewa |
n. |
hope
|
| ri |
n. |
(1) avalanche; (2) glacier
|
| riboŋ |
n. |
rabbit
|
| ridaks |
n. |
game, wild animals
|
| rik- |
v. tr. |
to fetch, to bring
|
| rik |
n. |
field
|
| rikdaŋlenipa |
n. |
farmer
|
| rintɕenbu |
n. |
spider
|
| riŋ- |
v. intr. |
to tell, to say
|
| ritsʰaŋ |
n. |
crevasse
|
| ro |
n. |
corpse, dead body
|
| ro- |
v. tr. |
(1) to roast; (2) to cremate
|
| rol |
n. |
furrow
|
| rolaŋs |
n. |
zombie
|
| rolmo |
n. |
cymbals
|
| roŋga |
n. |
bean
|
| roŋkʰaŋ |
n. |
cremation ground
|
| roŋkʰaŋme |
n. |
funeral pyre
|
| ropdakpa |
n. |
carrier of the dead body during a funeral
|
| ropotsi |
n. |
musk deer
|
| roptɕan |
adj. |
arrogant
|
| roras |
n. |
shroud
|
| rotɕo |
n. |
horn
|
| rotɕok |
n. |
hayloft
|
| rotsi |
n. |
plank
|
| ruk- |
v. tr. |
to chew
|
| ruks |
n. |
cud
|
| ruks nilt- |
v. mid. |
to chew the cud
|
| rult- |
v. intr. |
to rot
|
| rup- |
v. mid. |
to crowd, to come together
|
| rus |
n. |
lineage, clan
|
| rus- |
v. |
to be destroyed by a flood
|
| ruspa |
n. |
bone
|
| rut |
n. |
flood
|
| rwak- |
v. intr. |
to graze (intr. / tr.)
|
| rwak- |
v. mid. |
to graze (intr.)
|
| rwaksa |
n. |
grazing ground
|
| rwaktsi |
n. |
shepherd
|
| rwal- |
v. mid. |
to doze off
|
| rwaŋ |
n. |
mountain pasture
|
| la |
n. |
goat (female)
|
| la |
n. |
reed
|
| la |
n. |
moon
|
| la |
n. |
mountain pass
|
| la |
n. |
speed of walking
|
| ladaks |
n. |
Ladakh
|
| laja |
n. |
month
|
| lajoks |
n. |
sin
|
| lak |
n. |
hand
|
| lak- |
v. tr. |
to lick
|
| lakɕa |
n. |
leg of animals
|
| lakɕup |
n. |
glove
|
| lakgjap |
n. |
back of the hand
|
| lakj |
adj. |
thin (of long things)
|
| lakma |
n. |
leftovers (eatable)
|
| laks- |
v. intr. |
to be lost
|
| laks- |
v. intr. |
to grow well, to thrive
|
| lakskor |
n. |
millstone
|
| laktʰil |
n. |
palm (of hand)
|
| lala |
n. |
song
|
| lala tʰir- |
v. tr. |
to sing
|
| lalatsi |
n. |
goat (young)
|
| lam- |
v. tr. |
to rinse
|
| lam- |
v. mid. |
to like, to enjoy
|
| lam- |
v. tr. |
to fry
|
| lama |
n. |
Lama, monk
|
| lama |
n. |
sheep (female)
|
| lan |
n. |
air, wind
|
| lan |
n. |
answer
|
| lan da- |
v. tr. |
to answer
|
| laŋ- |
v. tr. |
to sell
|
| laŋ |
n. |
fire wood (medium sized pieces)
|
| laŋ |
n. |
manure, dung
|
| laŋ- |
v. tr. |
to raise (of fermenting agent)
|
| laŋs- |
v. intr. |
to rise (of leaved dough), to become alive (of zombies)
|
| laŋs- |
v. mid. |
to rise (leaved dough)
|
| laŋɕa |
n. |
beef
|
| laŋɕi |
n. |
sourdough for lwar after resting
|
| laŋgjak |
n. |
branch
|
| laŋkesla |
n. |
5th month of the traditional calendar
|
| laŋpotɕʰe |
n. |
elephant
|
| laŋspa |
n. |
vapor
|
| laŋtsi |
n. |
bull
|
| laŋʈo |
n. |
bull
|
| lap |
n. |
leaf
|
| lap |
n. |
lightning
|
| lapdʑa |
n. |
advice
|
| lapsi |
n. |
handkerchief
|
| lapʰjar |
n. |
avalanche falling over a precipice
|
| lardʑe |
n. |
doctor
|
| lare |
n. |
centipede
|
| larlar |
adj. |
slippery
|
| las |
n. |
price
|
| lasap |
n. |
ring (for finger)
|
| lasmi |
n. |
woman
|
| lati |
n. |
saliva
|
| latmo |
n. |
imitation, fake
|
| latsi |
n. |
mountain peak
|
| latʰot |
n. |
crown
|
| lawa |
n. |
sheep shed, goat shed
|
| le |
n. |
tongue
|
| lebala |
n. |
wild rose (yellow)
|
| lej |
adj. |
yellow
|
| lek- |
v. tr. |
to change, to transfer
|
| leks |
n. |
village, valley
|
| lekspa |
n. |
villager
|
| lekwartum |
n. |
egg yolk
|
| len |
n. |
work
|
| lenipa |
n. |
worker
|
| lenmi |
n. |
worker
|
| lent- |
v. intr. |
to work
|
| lep- |
v. tr. |
to reach, to arrive
|
| leptɕaŋdok |
adv. |
upside down
|
| let- |
v. tr. |
to teach
|
| letsok |
adj. |
envious
|
| li |
n. |
bronze
|
| liː |
adj. |
heavy
|
| liɕi |
n. |
cardamom seeds
|
| lik- |
v. tr. |
to do, to make
|
| limbuʈa |
n. |
pine tree (Himalayan pine)
|
| linɖa |
adj. |
naughty, faulty
|
| liŋs |
n. |
hunt
|
| liŋʈʰan |
n. |
island
|
| lis- |
v. intr. |
to freeze
|
| lis |
n. |
(1) ice; (2) egg white
|
| lo |
n. |
calendar year
|
| lo |
n. |
mattress
|
| lo |
n. |
south
|
| lodʑuŋ |
adv. |
every year
|
| loj |
adj. |
easy
|
| lok- |
v. tr. |
to read, to study
|
| lok |
n. |
lightning
|
| lok- |
v. mid. |
to climb up
|
| lokj |
adj. |
sick, weak, incapable
|
| lokos |
n. |
curse
|
| lomna |
adj. |
soft (solid)
|
| loŋ- |
v. mid. |
to vomit
|
| loŋ |
n. |
free time
|
| lops- |
v. intr. |
to become accustomed
|
| lorki |
n. |
brass pot
|
| lot- |
v. tr. |
to say
|
| lotok |
n. |
crops
|
| lukɕa |
n. |
mutton
|
| lukna |
adj. |
moist
|
| luks |
n. |
custom
|
| lumpa |
n. |
side valley
|
| luŋ |
n. |
autumn
|
| luŋ |
n. |
depression
|
| luŋ |
n. |
breath
|
| luŋtabar |
n. |
prayer flag
|
| luŋtɕi |
n. |
last grass in autumn
|
| lus- |
v. intr. |
to fall behind, to be left over
|
| lus- |
v. mid. |
to be stuck
|
| lutsi |
n. |
calf
|
| lwar |
n. |
omelet made from sourdough
|
| lwat- |
v. tr. |
to forget
|
| lwats- |
v. intr. |
to be forgotten
|
| lwats- |
v. mid. |
to be forgotten
|
| ɕa |
n. |
meat
|
| ɕabu |
n. |
maggot
|
| ɕadʑa |
n. |
water pipe
|
| ɕaj |
n. |
mustard
|
| ɕak- |
v. tr. |
hon. to immerse
|
| ɕakbuʈa |
n. |
birch
|
| ɕal- |
v. intr. |
to suffer from diarrhea
|
| ɕal |
n. |
diarrhea
|
| ɕama |
n. |
afterbirth
|
| ɕanɖum |
n. |
muscle ache
|
| ɕanpa |
n. |
butcher
|
| ɕaŋ |
adj. |
eagerly
|
| ɕaŋ tsak- |
v. mid. |
to watch eagerly
|
| ɕaŋdzi |
n. |
old woman
|
| ɕaŋdzi |
adj. |
old (of women)
|
| ɕaŋi |
adj. |
old (of animals)
|
| ɕaŋku |
n. |
wolf
|
| ɕaŋmo |
adj. |
clever (of women)
|
| ɕaŋpo |
adj. |
clever (of men)
|
| ɕaŋs |
n. |
old age
|
| ɕaŋs- |
v. intr. |
to grow old
|
| ɕaŋs- |
v. mid. |
to grow old
|
| ɕaŋtɕan |
adj. |
noticing
|
| ɕaŋʈe |
n. |
old man
|
| ɕaŋʈe |
adj. |
old (of men)
|
| ɕaportsi |
n. |
hangnail
|
| ɕar |
n. |
east
|
| ɕarba |
n. |
young man
|
| ɕarba |
adj. |
young (of men)
|
| ɕarna |
n. |
cattle shed
|
| ɕarul |
n. |
scar
|
| ɕas |
n. |
tenure
|
| ɕat- |
v. tr. |
to narrate
|
| ɕat- |
v. tr. |
to clean water channels
|
| ɕatgju |
n. |
story
|
| ɕatpa |
n. |
explanation
|
| ɕawa |
n. |
deer
|
| ɕel |
n. |
summer
|
| ɕelgo |
n. |
glass
|
| ɕelkar |
n. |
crystallized sugar, miśrī
|
| ɕelsa |
n. |
room used in summertime
|
| ɕema |
n. |
queen
|
| ɕemtɕuŋ |
n. |
princess
|
| ɕen- |
v. tr. |
to raise
|
| ɕens- |
v. mid. |
to rise, to get up
|
| ɕet |
n. |
power, strength
|
| ɕet- |
v. intr. |
to flee, to steal away silently
|
| ɕettɕan |
adj. |
strong
|
| ɕiː |
adj. |
white
|
| ɕik- |
v. tr. |
to tear down (walls)
|
| ɕika |
n. |
net
|
| ɕilti |
n. |
rain
|
| ɕinɖat |
n. |
hard work
|
| ɕiŋ |
n. |
timber
|
| ɕiŋkan |
n. |
carpenter
|
| ɕipi |
n. |
Chanal (ethno-linguistic community of Indo-Aryan origin)
|
| ɕirkaʈak |
n. |
coarse-grained sand
|
| ɕiskarapa |
n. |
idol prayed to in wintertime
|
| ɕit- |
v. mid. |
to die
|
| ɕoɕa |
n. |
heart
|
| ɕok- |
v. tr. |
to dress (with underwear) (tr.)
|
| ɕok- |
v. mid. |
to dress (with underwear) (refl.)
|
| ɕokɕum |
n. |
shirt
|
| ɕokpa |
n. |
wing, feather
|
| ɕor- |
v. tr. |
to miss, to drop
|
| ɕot |
n. |
lunch
|
| ɕotɕes |
n. |
acidity, eructation
|
| ɕotni |
n. |
late afternoon
|
| ɕu |
n. |
blood
|
| ɕu- |
v. tr. |
to skin
|
| ɕubu puk- |
v. mid. |
to become chapped (of skin)
|
| ɕugu |
n. |
paper
|
| ɕuk- |
v. tr. |
to comb (tr.)
|
| ɕuk- |
v. mid. |
to comb (refl.)
|
| ɕukɕu |
n. |
demon statue
|
| ɕukɕuk |
adj. |
difficult to tame (of young horses)
|
| ɕukna |
adj. |
(1) thin (of long things); (2) in a hurry
|
| ɕukpuk |
n. |
dirt under your skin
|
| ɕuktsi |
n. |
comb
|
| ɕukur |
n. |
apricot (dried without kernel)
|
| ɕukutsi |
n. |
willow twigs for fire
|
| ɕul |
n. |
dregs
|
| ɕul- |
v. tr. |
to rinse
|
| ɕulgjut |
n. |
flour
|
| ɕum |
n. |
secret visit of a boy to a girl's room at night
|
| ɕun |
n. |
nail (finger)
|
| ɕundut |
n. |
knot
|
| ɕuŋiɕuŋi |
n. |
sniffle
|
| ɕup- |
v. tr. |
to push together, to telescope
|
| ɕups |
n. |
(1) cover; (2) sheath
|
| ɕurbuʈa |
n. |
cedar
|
| ɕuri |
adj. |
sour
|
| ɕurtum |
n. |
slingshot
|
| ɕurum |
n. |
tweed (made of wool)
|
| ɕwakna |
adj. |
good (in taste)
|
| ɕwant- |
v. intr. |
to rest
|
| ʂak |
n. |
shame, shyness
|
| ʂaŋs |
n. |
horse
|
| ʂaŋspa |
n. |
horseman
|
| ʂap- |
v. tr. |
to ford
|
| ʂet- |
v. intr. |
to laugh
|
| ʂets |
n. |
laughter
|
| ʂi- |
v. tr. |
to roll up (a ball of threads)
|
| ʂik |
n. |
louse
|
| ʂim |
n. |
arrow
|
| ʂimtsaŋ |
n. |
the distance of an arrow shot (traditional length measure)
|
| ʂin |
n. |
epilepsy
|
| ʂinbu |
n. |
tapeworm
|
| ʂiŋ |
n. |
sister
|
| ʂip |
n. |
rib
|
| ʂok- |
v. tr. |
to send (letters, etc.)
|
| ʂol |
n. |
narrow passage, corridor
|
| ʂot- |
v. intr. |
to set (sun)
|
| ʂot |
n. |
sunset
|
| ʂu- |
v. tr. |
to ask
|
| ʂu kʰet- |
v. tr. |
to churn
|
| ʂul- |
v. tr. |
to drive
|
| ʂunt- |
v. intr. |
to guard
|
| ʂunt- |
v. mid. |
to wait
|
| ʂuŋ- |
v. tr. |
to observe
|
| ʂutsi |
n. |
nit
|
| ʂwantsi |
n. |
pigeon
|
| sa |
n. |
earth, ground
|
| sa |
n. |
pulse
|
| sagun |
n. |
seed
|
| sak |
n. |
(1) breath; (2) vapor
|
| sak- |
v. tr. |
to store, to put aside
|
| sak tʰin- |
v. tr. |
to breathe
|
| sakjat |
n. |
land
|
| saksak |
n. |
grasshopper
|
| sal- |
v. tr. |
to make space, to clear away
|
| salbaŋ |
adj. |
bare-foot
|
| samen |
n. |
stock, things stored
|
| sampa |
n. |
crops
|
| san- |
v. tr. |
to repair, to fix
|
| saŋɕur |
n. |
incense made of pine trees
|
| saŋgul |
n. |
earthquake
|
| saŋi |
adj. |
pure (in a religious sense)
|
| saŋma |
n. |
hon. food
|
| saŋna |
adj. |
well (physical condition)
|
| saŋsasaŋ |
n. |
centipede
|
| sapsap |
adj. |
burning (of eyes)
|
| sar |
n. |
wick (made of cotton)
|
| sarka |
n. |
road
|
| sasa |
adj. |
different
|
| sat |
n. |
indigenous deities of Lahaul
|
| se- |
v. tr. |
to recognize
|
| sej |
adj. |
dirty
|
| sekor |
n. |
dirty dishes
|
| sem |
n. |
heart, mind
|
| sem |
n. |
barrel
|
| sembura |
n. |
pomegranate
|
| ser |
n. |
gold
|
| ser |
n. |
time(s)
|
| serna |
adj. |
avaricious
|
| set- |
v. intr. |
to ride
|
| sew |
n. |
apple (Indo-Aryan)
|
| si |
n. |
butter fat (liquid)
|
| siɲal |
n. |
big cymbals
|
| siŋge |
n. |
lion (Indo-Aryan)
|
| sipi |
n. |
pipe, flute
|
| sirikna |
adj. |
all, everything
|
| siruk |
n. |
interest, care
|
| siske |
n. |
bundle of thin sticks used to stir soup
|
| so- |
v. tr. |
to cool down (tr.), to turn off
|
| sos- |
v. intr. |
to cool down (intr.)
|
| soj |
adj. |
cold
|
| sok- |
v. tr. |
to fit in, to push in
|
| sol |
n. |
onyx
|
| sol |
n. |
grain of crops
|
| soldʑa |
n. |
hon. tea
|
| solpon |
n. |
cook
|
| soltak |
n. |
table
|
| sonam |
n. |
merit
|
| sonna |
adv. |
slightly
|
| sonpo |
adj. |
alive
|
| sonsna |
adj. |
idle
|
| sont- |
v. intr. |
to be alive, to survive
|
| sops- |
v. intr. |
to heal (intr.)
|
| sops- |
v. mid. |
to heal
|
| sotekdʑi |
adj. |
careful
|
| soti |
n. |
water
|
| su |
pron. |
who?
|
| su- |
v. tr. |
to wash (tr.), to give a shower
|
| su- |
v. mid. |
to wash (refl.), to take a shower
|
| su- |
v. tr. |
hon. to welcome
|
| suk- |
v. tr. |
to move
|
| sul |
n. |
plait, fold, wrinkle
|
| sum |
num. |
three (Tibetan)
|
| sumi |
num. |
three
|
| sums |
n. |
boredom
|
| suŋ |
n. |
hon. teaching
|
| suŋ- |
v. tr. |
hon. to say, to teach
|
| sur |
n. |
weed
|
| suri |
n. |
larva living inside the nasal cavity of cattle
|
| surmo |
n. |
pick-axe (small)
|
| sursla |
n. |
8th month of the traditional calendar
|
| surt- |
v. intr. |
to weed
|
| swa |
n. |
tooth
|
| swal |
n. |
coal
|
| ha |
n. |
sweets
|
| haː go- |
v. tr. |
to understand
|
| haː las- |
v. intr. |
to be astonished
|
| habar |
n. |
common land of a village
|
| halam |
adv. |
some, quite
|
| haldi |
n. |
saffron
|
| halɖa |
n. |
traditional festival held on new year
|
| hambu |
n. |
cow
|
| han |
pron. |
2SG
|
| hanɖaŋ |
adj. |
deaf-mute
|
| hanɖu |
n. |
pot for boiling liquids
|
| haʈi |
n. |
shop, market, bazaar (Indo-Aryan)
|
| hek |
n. |
vulture
|
| hel- |
v. tr. |
to take away, to bring away
|
| helata |
adv. |
for the time being
|
| hen- |
v. tr. |
to hear, to listen, to obey
|
| henak |
v. dem. |
like this, in this manner
|
| hikuk |
n. |
hiccup
|
| hiŋ |
pron. |
1PL.EXCL
|
| hit |
n. |
memory
|
| hoɕmej |
quant. |
very much, very many, extremely
|
| hoptɕen |
n. |
stirrup
|
| hot |
n. |
light
|
| honak |
v. dem. |
like that, in that manner
|
| hukna |
adj. |
very tasty
|
| hun |
n. |
news, information
|
| hura |
n. |
ram
|
| abi |
n. |
grandmother
|
| adʑaŋ |
n. |
uncle (mother's brother, father-in-law, wife's/husband's brother (only appropriate if elder than wife/husband))
|
| ajna |
quant. |
much, a lot
|
| ak |
n. |
mouth
|
| aka |
n. |
excrements
|
| akapʰuktsi |
n. |
ass hole
|
| aks |
n. |
edge, blade
|
| aks tak- |
v. tr. |
to call
|
| aku |
n. |
uncle (father's sister's husband)
|
| al- |
v. tr. |
to open (tr.)
|
| als- |
v. tr. |
to open (intr.)
|
| alkjotsi |
n. |
chin
|
| aloŋ |
n. |
earring
|
| altsʰam |
n. |
beard (chin)
|
| am- |
v. intr. |
hon. to come
|
| ama |
n. |
mother
|
| ama kjuktsi |
n. |
aunt (mother's youngest sister)
|
| amaawa |
n. |
parents
|
| amdʑambaʈi |
n. |
kind of pot
|
| ampʰet |
n. |
middle of a road
|
| amt- |
v. mid. |
to walk
|
| amtsi |
n. |
road, way, path
|
| ane |
n. |
aunt (father's sister, mother-in-law, wife's/husband's sister)
|
| aŋ- |
v. tr. |
to filter butter
|
| aŋmik |
n. |
snow blindness
|
| aŋtɕan |
adj. |
bossy, arrogant
|
| apa |
n. |
grandmother
|
| apskor |
n. |
beard (full)
|
| apu |
n. |
sister (second oldest)
|
| arak |
n. |
alcohol
|
| arɕi |
n. |
glass, mirror
|
| artsi |
n. |
kind of grass used to make traditional shoes
|
| aru |
n. |
(1) potato; (2) testicles
|
| atɕʰe |
n. |
sister (oldest)
|
| atɕʰenomo |
n. |
sisters
|
| atɕʰo |
n. |
brother (oldest)
|
| atɕʰobet |
n. |
brothers
|
| atuk |
n. |
newborn (male)
|
| aw |
n. |
kiss
|
| awa |
n. |
father
|
| awa kjuktsi |
n. |
uncle (father's youngest brother)
|
| i |
n. |
lynx
|
| ika |
pron. |
when?
|
| indzi |
pron. |
herself, himself, oneself
|
| ini |
pron. |
hon. you
|
| ini |
pron. |
yourself
|
| iŋgi |
pron. |
myself
|
| ips |
n. |
shape
|
| ipsa |
n. |
room for sleeping
|
| ipt- |
v. mid. |
to sleep
|
| ipts |
n. |
sleep
|
| is |
n. |
big, flat pan used to fry barley
|
| itbiŋ |
pron. |
how many years?
|
| itɕik |
pron. |
how many?
|
| itgjak |
pron. |
how many days?
|
| uks |
n. |
soul, breath
|
| ukstuks |
n. |
heavy breathing
|
| umdzat |
n. |
performer of funeral rites
|
| utɕʰuŋ |
n. |
performer of funeral rites (substitute for umdzat)
|
| eana |
adj. |
often going
|
| el- |
v. intr. |
to go
|
| epo |
adj. |
good
|
| eraŋ |
pron. |
1PL.INCL
|
| etek |
n. |
kind of bird
|
| obar |
n. |
hole in the floor / in the ceiling to go up and down
|
| ok |
n. |
boulder
|
| orɕek |
adv. |
in one year
|
| orok |
n. |
Adam's apple
|
| oroŋ |
n. |
snack (eaten with alcohol)
|
| otɕʰak |
n. |
early morning
|
| otɕi |
adv. |
tomorrow
|
| otok |
adv. |
in the future
|
| waj |
adj. |
far (away)
|
| wajak |
adv. |
on the next day
|
| wal |
n. |
shovel (wooden)
|
| wampu |
n. |
bear
|
| wan- |
v. tr. |
to take out, to unload, to bring out
|
| waŋs- |
v. intr. |
to come out, to drip out, to leak
|
| waŋ |
n. |
blessing
|
| war |
n. |
belching
|
| war- |
v. tr. |
to fence in
|
| wars |
n. |
fence
|
| warna |
n. |
animal sacrifice
|
| warpa |
n. |
hearth
|
| wart- |
v. intr. |
to belch
|
| waru |
n. |
pot to boil liquids
|
| watɕu |
n. |
drainage on the roof
|
| watsi |
n. |
ball (of threads)
|
