-άς

See also: ας, ασ', ἅς, -ας, and Appendix:Variations of "as"

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ás/ → /as/ → /as/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ás/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /as/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /as/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /as/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /as/

Etymology 1

Related to -άζω (-ázō, verb-forming suffix) and possibly -ων (-ōn). Cognate with Sanskrit -अत् (-at) and Hittite -𒀭𒍝.

Suffix

-ᾰ́ς • (-ás) f (genitive -ᾰ́δος); third declension

1. Forms nouns with participial function.

   ‎λᾰ́μπω (lámpō, “shine”) ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎λαμπάς (lampás, “torch”)

   ‎φεύγω (pheúgō, “to flee”) ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎φυγάς (phugás, “an exile”)

2. Forms nouns with collective function.

   ‎νείφω (neíphō, “to snow”) ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎νιφάς (niphás, “snowstorm”)

3. Forms designations of young animals.

   κεμάς (kemás, “pricket”)

4. Forms derivatives of nasal stems extended with -t-.

   ‎ἰκμαίνω (ikmaínō, “to moisten”) ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎ἰκμάς (ikmás, “moisture”)

   ‎ἐμβαίνω (embaínō, “to enter”) ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎ἐμβάς (embás, “slipper”)

5. Forms abstract or collective nouns of number from numerals.

   ‎δέκᾰ (déka, “ten”) ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎δεκάς (dekás, “the number ten, group of ten”)

Usage notes

If a verb-stem varies in grade, the resulting noun is usually in the o-grade (or, failing that, the zero-grade), e.g. στρέφω (stréphō) → στροφάς (strophás); νείφω (neíphō) → νιφάς (niphás). The resulting substantive usually has nominal force, but sometimes has adjectival force.

Inflection

Third declension of -ᾰ́ς; -ᾰ́δος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-ᾰ́ς -ás	-ᾰ́δε -áde	-ᾰ́δες -ádes
Genitive	-ᾰ́δος -ádos	-ᾰ́δοιν -ádoin	-ᾰ́δων -ádōn
Dative	-ᾰ́δῐ -ádi	-ᾰ́δοιν -ádoin	-ᾰ́σῐ / -ᾰ́σῐν -ási(n)
Accusative	-ᾰ́δᾰ -áda	-ᾰ́δε -áde	-ᾰ́δᾰς -ádas
Vocative	-ᾰ́ς -ás	-ᾰ́δε -áde	-ᾰ́δες -ádes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

References

• Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 354
• Birgit A. Olsen (1989) “A Trace of Indo-European Accent in Armenian”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics‎^[1], pages 235-240

Etymology 2

Possibly related to -ις (-is), also to Etymology 1. The form -ιάς (-iás) comes from analogy to forms like Θεστιάς (Thestiás) from Θέστιος (Théstios).

Alternative forms

• -ιάς (-iás)

Suffix

-ᾰ́ς • (-ás) f (genitive -ᾰ́δος); third declension

1. Forms feminine adjectives or nouns.

   Δηλιάς (Dēliás, “female Delian”)

2. Forms female patronymics from name of father.

   Θεστιάς (Thestiás, “daughter of Thestius”)

Inflection

Third declension of -ᾰ́ς; -ᾰ́δος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-ᾰ́ς -ás	-ᾰ́δε -áde	-ᾰ́δες -ádes
Genitive	-ᾰ́δος -ádos	-ᾰ́δοιν -ádoin	-ᾰ́δων -ádōn
Dative	-ᾰ́δῐ -ádi	-ᾰ́δοιν -ádoin	-ᾰ́σῐ / -ᾰ́σῐν -ási(n)
Accusative	-ᾰ́δᾰ -áda	-ᾰ́δε -áde	-ᾰ́δᾰς -ádas
Vocative	-ᾰ́ς -ás	-ᾰ́δε -áde	-ᾰ́δες -ádes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Derived terms

Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -άς

Related terms

• -άδης (-ádēs)

See also

• -ις (-is)

References

• Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 845

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek -άς (-ás).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈas/

Suffix

-άς • (-ás) m (feminine -ού)

1. added to another noun to create agent nouns:

   ‎μύλος (mýlos, “mill”) ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎μυλωνάς (mylonás, “miller”)

   ‎γάλα (gála, “milk”) ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎γαλατάς (galatás, “milkman, dairyman”)

   ‎γυναίκα (gynaíka, “woman”) ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎γυναικάς (gynaikás, “womaniser”)

   ‎φαγητό (fagitó, “food”) ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎φαγάς (fagás, “gourmand, greedy guts”)

Declension

Declension of -άς

	singular	plural
nominative	-άς (-ás)	-άδες (-ádes)
genitive	-ά (-á)	-άδων (-ádon)
accusative	-ά (-á)	-άδες (-ádes)
vocative	-ά (-á)	-άδες (-ádes)

Derived terms

Greek terms suffixed with -άς

Related terms

• -έας m (-éas)
• -ιάς m (-iás)