進士

See also: 进士

Chinese

		advance; enter; to come in	scholar; warrior; knight
trad. (進士)		進	士
simp. (进士)		进	士
Literally: “advanced scholar”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jìnshì

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄕˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zeon³ si⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chìn-sū / chìn-sǐ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìnshì → jìnshi (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄕˋ → ㄐㄧㄣˋ ˙ㄕ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìnshi̊h
    • Wade–Giles: chin⁴-shih⁵
    • Yale: jìn-shr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn.shyh
    • Palladius: цзиньши (czinʹši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/ → /t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʂʐ̩¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 近世 近侍 近視／近视 進士／进士

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zeon³ si⁶
    • Yale: jeun sih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen³ si⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zên³ xi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵn³³ siː²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chìn-sū
    • Tâi-lô: tsìn-sū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciensu
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ su³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ su³³/
  • (Hokkien: Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chìn-sǐ
    • Tâi-lô: tsìn-sǐ
    • IPA (Philippines): /t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si³³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsinH dzriX

Rime
Character	進	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	即刃切	鉏里切
Baxter	tsinH	dzriX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siɪnH/	/d͡ʒɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sinH/	/ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjenH/	/d͡ʒieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sinH/	/ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Li Rong	/t͡siĕnH/	/d͡ʒiəX/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭĕnH/	/d͡ʒĭəX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ĕnH/	/ɖ͡ʐʱiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jìn	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan3	zi6

Noun

進士

1. (historical) “advanced” or “entered graduate”, a scholar who had successfully passed the highest level of the Chinese imperial examinations (殿試), usually held triennially at the imperial court
2. (Philippine Hokkien, dice games) a four of a kind dice roll (with four faces of any of the same number, except four) in a Mooncake Festival Dice Game

   Synonym: 四進／四进

Synonyms

• 本科 (běnkē)

Hyponyms

• 進士及第／进士及第 (jìnshì jídì)
  • 狀元／状元 (zhuàngyuan)
  • 榜眼 (bǎngyǎn)
  • 探花 (tànhuā)
• 進士出身／进士出身 (jìnshì chūshēn)
• 同進士出身／同进士出身 (tóng jìnshì chūshēng)

Derived terms

• 不櫛進士／不栉进士
• 同進士出身／同进士出身 (tóng jìnshì chūshēng)
• 武進士／武进士
• 進士出身／进士出身 (jìnshì chūshēn)
• 進士及第／进士及第 (jìnshì jídì)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (進士):

• → Japanese: 進(しん)士(し) (shinshi)
• → Korean: 진사(進士) (jinsa)
• → Vietnamese: tiến sĩ (進士)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
進	士

Noun

進士

1. chữ Hán form of tiến sĩ (“doctor”).