緬

See also: 缅

緬 U 7DEC, 緬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7DEC ← 緫 [U 7DEB] CJK Unified Ideographs 緭 → [U 7DED]

Translingual

Han character

緬 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸 9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 女火一田中 (VFMWL), four-corner 2196₀, composition ⿰糹面)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 931, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27674
• Dae Jaweon: page 1370, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3425, character 4
• Unihan data for U 7DEC

Chinese

trad.		緬
simp.		缅
2nd round simp.		𰬄

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (面) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蝒	*men
緬	*menʔ
湎	*menʔ
愐	*menʔ
偭	*menʔ, *mens
勔	*menʔ
面	*mens
麵	*meːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *menʔ) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) phonetic 面 (OC *mens).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): miǎn (mian³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄢˇ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): min⁵

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): men²

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): mién

  (Meixian, Guangdong): miên³

• Eastern Min (BUC): miēng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): meng⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bián / biǎn / biān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): miang² / miêng² / miang⁵ / miêng⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶mi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: miǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: miǎn
    • Wade–Giles: mien³
    • Yale: myǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mean
    • Palladius: мянь (mjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: min⁵
    • Yale: míhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: min⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: min⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miːn¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: men²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐben⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mién
    • Hakka Romanization System: mien^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: mian³
    • Sinological IPA: /mi̯en³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: miên³
    • Sinological IPA: /miɛn³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: miēng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mieŋ³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: meng⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɛŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bián
    • Tâi-lô: bián
    • Phofsit Daibuun: biern
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /biɛn⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɛn⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /biɛn⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: biǎn
    • Tâi-lô: biǎn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /biɛn²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: biān
    • Tâi-lô: biān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bien
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /biɛn²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: miang² / miêng² / miang⁵ / miêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: miáng / miéng / miâng / miêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miaŋ⁵²/, /mieŋ⁵²/, /miaŋ⁵⁵/, /mieŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• miang2/miang5 - Shantou;
• miêng2/miêng5 - Chaozhou;
• miang5/miêng5 - vernacular (俗).

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶mi
    • MiniDict: mi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³mi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mi²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: mjienX

Rime
Character	緬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	彌兖切
Baxter	mjienX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/miᴇnX/
Pan Wuyun	/miɛnX/
Shao Rongfen	/mjænX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mianX/
Li Rong	/miɛnX/
Wang Li	/mĭɛnX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mi̯ɛnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	miǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	min5

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*menʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	緬
Reading #	1/1
No.	9093
Phonetic component	面
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	緬
Old Chinese	/*menʔ/

Definitions

緬

1. distant, remote
2. Short for 緬甸／缅甸 (Miǎndiàn, “Myanmar, Burma”).

Compounds

• 下緬甸／下缅甸 (Xià Miǎndiàn)
• 滇緬／滇缅
• 滇緬公路／滇缅公路 (Diān Miǎn Gōnglù)
• 緬北／缅北 (Miǎnběi)
• 緬想／缅想 (miǎnxiǎng)
• 緬憶／缅忆
• 緬懷／缅怀 (miǎnhuái)
• 緬梔／缅栀
• 緬甸／缅甸 (Miǎndiàn)
• 緬甸聯邦／缅甸联邦
• 緬訴／缅诉
• 緬邈／缅邈
• 緬靦／缅䩄

 

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “缅”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 157.

Japanese

Kanji

緬

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. fine thread
2. Abbreviation of 緬甸 (Menden, Biruma): Burma (Myanmar)

Readings

• Go-on: めん (men)
• Kan-on: べん (ben)
• Kun: ほそいと (hosoito)、はるか (haruka)、かるい (karui, 緬い)

Korean

Hanja

緬 • (myeon) (hangeul 면)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

緬: Hán Nôm readings: miễn, mén, diến, miến, rịn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.