欲
See also: 慾
|
Translingual
editStroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
edit欲 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠 7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金口弓人 (CRNO), four-corner 87682, composition ⿰谷欠)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 567, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16080
- Dae Jaweon: page 956, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2140, character 7
- Unihan data for U 6B32
Chinese
editGlyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 欲 | ||
---|---|---|
Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *loɡ) : phonetic 谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ) semantic 欠.
Etymology 1
editsimp. and trad. |
欲 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 𡟔 俗 |
Sino-Tibetan. Compare Burmese လို (lui, “to want; to desire”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Alternatively, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ju(w) (“to ask; to request”), whence Tibetan ཞུ (zhu, “to request”) (ibid.).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): juk6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yu̍k
- Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̆k
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8yoq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yù
- Wade–Giles: yü4
- Yale: yù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: juk6
- Yale: yuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: juk9
- Guangdong Romanization: yug6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jʊk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yu̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: iug
- Hagfa Pinyim: yug6
- Sinological IPA: /i̯uk̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yu̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iug
- Hagfa Pinyim: yug6
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uk̚⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̆k
- Sinological IPA (key): /yʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 欲 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /y⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /y⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /y⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /y²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /y⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /y³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /y²¹/ | |
Xining | /y⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /y¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /y¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /y²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /iəu²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /yo³¹/ /y¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /iu²¹/ | |
Kunming | /iu³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ʐuʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /yəʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /yəʔ⁵⁴/ |
Pingyao | /yʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /yəʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ɦioʔ¹/ /ɦyɪʔ¹/ |
Suzhou | /ɦioʔ³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɦyəʔ²/ | |
Wenzhou | /jo²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /iuʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | ||
Xiang | Changsha | /ʐəu²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /iəɯ²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | |
Hakka | Meixian | /iuk̚⁵/ |
Taoyuan | /ʒot̚⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jok̚²/ |
Nanning | /juk̚²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /jok̚²/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /iɔk̚⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /yʔ⁵/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /y⁴⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /iok̚⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /zok̚⁵/ /hau³⁵/ 訓好 |
- Middle Chinese: yowk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢ(r)ok/
- (Zhengzhang): /*loɡ/
Definitions
edit欲
Compounds
edit- 七情六欲
- 亟欲
- 人欲 (rényù)
- 人欲橫流/人欲横流
- 六欲
- 口腹之欲 (kǒufùzhīyù)
- 可欲
- 含苞欲放
- 呼之欲出 (hūzhīyùchū)
- 哀哀欲絕/哀哀欲绝
- 噴薄欲出/喷薄欲出
- 垂涎欲滴 (chuíxiányùdī)
- 多欲
- 大欲
- 寡欲 (guǎyù)
- 專欲難成/专欲难成
- 山雨欲來/山雨欲来
- 從心所欲/从心所欲 (cóngxīnsuǒyù)
- 恣心所欲
- 恣情縱欲/恣情纵欲
- 恬淡寡欲
- 恬淡無欲/恬淡无欲
- 情欲 (qíngyù)
- 悲痛欲絕/悲痛欲绝 (bēitòngyùjué)
- 意欲 (yìyù)
- 懲忿窒欲/惩忿窒欲
- 我醉欲眠
- 搖搖欲墜/摇摇欲坠 (yáoyáoyùzhuì)
- 昏昏欲睡 (hūnhūnyùshuì)
- 暢所欲言/畅所欲言 (chàngsuǒyùyán)
- 望眼欲穿 (wàngyǎnyùchuān)
- 欲不可從/欲不可从
- 欲加之罪,何患無辭/欲加之罪,何患无辞 (yù jiā zhī zuì, hé huàn wú cí)
- 欲取固與/欲取固与
- 欲哭無淚/欲哭无泪 (yùkūwúlèi)
- 欲塹/欲堑
- 欲壑難填/欲壑难填
- 欲壑難飽/欲壑难饱
- 欲就還推/欲就还推
- 欲待 (yùdài)
- 欲念 (yùniàn)
- 欲振乏力
- 欲擒故縱/欲擒故纵 (yùqíngùzòng)
- 欲望 (yùwàng)
- 欲海
- 欲深谿壑
- 欲炙之色
- 欲界 (yùjiè)
- 欲益反損/欲益反损
- 欲罷不能/欲罢不能
- 欲蓋彌彰/欲盖弥彰 (yùgàimízhāng)
- 欲言又止 (yùyányòuzhǐ)
- 欲語還休/欲语还休
- 欲說還休/欲说还休
- 毚欲
- 泫然欲泣
- 清貧寡欲/清贫寡欲
- 清靜寡欲/清静寡欲
- 渴欲
- 澹泊寡欲
- 為所欲為/为所欲为 (wéisuǒyùwéi)
- 無欲則剛/无欲则刚
- 物欲 (wùyù)
- 痛不欲生 (tòngbùyùshēng)
- 禁欲 (jìnyù)
- 禁欲主義/禁欲主义 (jìnyùzhǔyì)
- 私欲 (sīyù)
- 窒欲
- 窮奢極欲/穷奢极欲
- 縱情恣欲/纵情恣欲
- 縱情遂欲/纵情遂欲
- 縱欲/纵欲 (zòngyù)
- 耳目之欲
- 蠢蠢欲動/蠢蠢欲动 (chǔnchǔnyùdòng)
- 貪欲/贪欲 (tānyù)
- 躍躍欲試/跃跃欲试 (yuèyuèyùshì)
- 逸欲
- 隨心所欲/随心所欲 (suíxīnsuǒyù)
- 震耳欲聾/震耳欲聋 (zhèn'ěryùlóng)
- 飄飄欲仙/飘飘欲仙 (piāopiāoyùxiān)
- 饞涎欲垂/馋涎欲垂
- 饞涎欲滴/馋涎欲滴 (chánxiányùdī)
Etymology 2
editFor pronunciation and definitions of 欲 – see 慾 (“desire; lust”). (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 慾). |
Notes:
|
Etymology 3
editsimp. and trad. |
欲 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms |
From the grammaticalization of 發 (OC *pad, “to send out; to go forth; to proceed”) (Tu, 2017).
Pronunciation
edit- Eastern Min (BUC): buóh
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): beh / berh / boeh / boh
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: buóh
- Sinological IPA (key): /puɔʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Taichung, Philippines, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: beh
- Tâi-lô: beh
- Phofsit Daibuun: beq
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Tainan, Kaohsiung): /beʔ³²/
- IPA (Yilan): /beʔ²/
- IPA (Philippines, Jinjiang): /beʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: boeh
- Tâi-lô: bueh
- Phofsit Daibuun: boeq
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /bueʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Hui'an, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: boh
- Tâi-lô: boh
- Phofsit Daibuun: boiq
- IPA (Hui'an): /boʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Taichung, Philippines, Jinjiang)
Definitions
edit欲
- (Eastern Min, Hokkien, Hainanese) to want (to do)
- (Hokkien) to wish to have or keep
- (Eastern Min, Hokkien) about to
- (Hokkien, Hainanese) if
Synonyms
editCompounds
edit- 咧欲 (teh-beh, teh-boeh, tih-beh, tih-boeh)
- 嘛欲 (mā beh, mā boeh)
- 強欲/强欲 (kiōng-beh, kiōng-boeh)
- 拄欲 (tú beh, tú boeh)
- 春天後母面,欲變一時間/春天后母面,欲变一时间 (chhun-thiⁿ āu-bú bīn, beh piàn chi̍t sî-kan)
- 欲准毋
- 欲呢 (beh-nî, boeh-nî)
- 欲好
- 欲好命
- 欲挃
- 欲是
- 欲晝仔/欲昼仔 (beh-tàu-á)
- 欲暗仔 (beh-àm-á, boeh-àm-á)
- 欲死
- 欲死欲死
- 欲死欲活
- 欲汰
- 欲汰討/欲汰讨
- 欲無/欲无
- 欲知 (beh-tsai, boeh-tsai)
- 欲知
- 活欲 (oa̍h-beh)
- 無欲/无欲 (bô-beh)
- 當欲/当欲 (tng-berh, tng-beh, tng-boeh)
Etymology 4
editsimp. and trad. |
欲 |
---|
Pronunciation
edit- Eastern Min (BUC): ó̤i
- Southern Min
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ó̤i
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɔy²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Definitions
edit欲
- (Eastern Min, Southern Min) Alternative form of 愛/爱
See also
edit- 要 (yào)
References
edit- “Query for 欲”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
editKanji
edit欲
Readings
edit- Go-on: よく (yoku, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: よく (yoku, Jōyō)
- Kun: ほしい (hoshii, 欲しい, Jōyō)、ほっする (hossuru, 欲する, Jōyō)、ほりす (horisu, 欲す)
Usage notes
editThis character was sometimes used to phonetically transcribe the Old Japanese word for “night” (yo). [cf. Manyōshū : 4134]
Compounds
edit- 愛欲 (aiyoku)
- 強欲 (gōyoku)
- 色欲 (shikiyoku)
- 食欲 (shokuyoku)
- 性欲 (seiyoku)
- 大欲 (taiyoku)
- 物欲 (butsuyoku)
- 無欲 (muyoku)
- 名誉欲 (meiyoyoku)
Etymology
editKanji in this term |
---|
欲 |
よく Grade: 6 |
Alternative spelling |
---|
慾 |
Attested from the thirteenth century.[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- desire, a want, that which is wanted
- Synonym: 欲望 (yokubō)
- 欲を言うと
- yoku o iu to
- ideally; if one were to ask for one's desire
- greed, avarice
- Synonym: 強欲 (gōyoku)
- 欲の塊
- yoku no katamari
- greed incarnate; a lump of avarice
- ambition, will
- Synonym: 意欲 (iyoku)
- 欲を出せ
- yoku o dase
- aim high; show ambition
References
edit- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean
editHanja
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit欲: Hán Nôm readings: dục, giục
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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