柰

See also: 奈

柰 U 67F0, 柰 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67F0 ← 柯 [U 67EF] CJK Unified Ideographs 柱 → [U 67F1]

Translingual

Han character

柰 (Kangxi radical 75, 木 5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木一一火 (DMMF) or 難木一一火 (XDMMF), four-corner 4090₁, composition ⿱木示)

Derived characters

• 㮏, 渿, 歀, 㲡, 隸, 𡞫, 𭡠, 𥈡, 𧛮, 𩈶, 𩹟, 𪑨, 𦤧, 𫩀, 𮨕, 𫎉, 𣛒, 𣜩, 𬄷, 𤸏, 𦳐, 𭔢

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 520, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14659
• Dae Jaweon: page 908, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1176, character 9
• Unihan data for U 67F0

Chinese

trad.		柰
simp. #		柰

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (奈) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
奈	*naːls, *naːds
柰	*naːds
渿	*naːds
捺	*naːd

木 (“tree”) 示 – a kind of tree (Malus Prunifolia). The component 示 is a reference to a sacrifice, perhaps burning sacrifical timber or sacrifice the small apples produced by this kind of tree. Unrelated to 奈.

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

a kind of apple

Attested somewhat late (e.g. in SWJZ[1] & Shiming[2]). 柰 (OC nâ(t)s) is possibly analogous to and related to Old Japanese nasi (whence Japanese 梨 (nashi, “pear”)) (Unger, 1983; Schuessler, 2007)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nài (nai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄞˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): noi⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): noi⁵

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nai
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): nai⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): nāi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): nai⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nài
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nài
    • Wade–Giles: nai⁴
    • Yale: nài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nay
    • Palladius: най (naj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: noi⁶
    • Yale: noih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: noi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: noi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɔːi̯²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: noi⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdᵘɔi³²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nai
    • Hakka Romanization System: nai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /nai̯⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nai⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nai²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nāi
    • Tâi-lô: nāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /nãi²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nãi⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /nãi²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /nãi³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nãi³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: nai⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: năi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nai³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: najH

Rime
Character	柰
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	奴帶切
Baxter	najH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nɑiH/
Pan Wuyun	/nɑiH/
Shao Rongfen	/nɑiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/najH/
Li Rong	/nɑiH/
Wang Li	/nɑiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/nɑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naai6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*naːds/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	柰
Reading #	1/1
No.	9351
Phonetic component	奈
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	柰
Old Chinese	/*naːds/

Definitions

柰

1. a kind of apple similar to the crabapple (Malus asiatica)
2. (obsolete) jasmine
3. a surname

Compounds

• 柰苑

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 柰 – see 奈 (“how; why; to bear; to stand; to endure; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 奈).

References

• “柰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “柰”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 162.

Japanese

Kanji

柰

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. To bear or endure.
2. A crabapple tree.

Readings

• On (unclassified): な (na)、だい (dai)
• Kun: いかん (ikan)、からなし (karanashi)

Korean

Hanja

柰 (eum 내 (nae))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

柰: Hán Nôm readings: nại

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation