Wiktionary

春日

Chinese

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spring (time); gay; joyful
spring (time); gay; joyful; youthful; love; lust; life
 
day; sun; date
day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.)
 
simp. and trad.
(春日) 		春 日
 
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Etymology

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“Kasuga”
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 春日 (Kasuga).
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “apparently the Taiwanese place name is also derived from Japanese antics? the zh.wp and ja.wp pages do not seem to agree on the finer details though ("Kasuga"? "Kasugagu"? "Kasugaku"? "Kasuvongan"?)”

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 春 日
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 昌 (24) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 諄 (47) 質 (48)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 昌脣切 人質切
Baxter tsyhwin nyit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕʰiuɪn/ /ȵiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕʰʷin/ /ȵit̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕʰjuen/ /ȵʑjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cʰwin/ /ȵit̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕʰiuĕn/ /ȵiĕt̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕʰĭuĕn/ /ȵʑĭĕt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕʰi̯uĕn/ /ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chūn rì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ceon1 jat6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 春 日
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chūn rì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyhwin › ‹ nyit ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tʰun/ /*C.nik/
English springtime sun; day

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 春 日
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 12573 10845
Phonetic
component 		屯 日
Rime
group 		文 質
Rime
subdivision 		2 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		春 日
Old
Chinese 		/*tʰjun/ /*njiɡ/
Notes 說文從艸從日屯聲，
實屯繁化轉註字

Noun

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春日

  1. (literary) spring; spring days
  2. (Classical) spring sun

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (春日):
  • → Japanese: 春日(しゅんじつ) (shunjitsu)
  • → Korean: 춘일(春日) (chunil)

Proper noun

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春日

  1. (～鄉) Chunri (a mountain indigenous township in Pingtung County, Taiwan)
  2. (～市) Kasuga (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
春 日
しゅん
Grade: 2 		じつ
Grade: 1
kan'on

From Middle Chinese compound 春日 (MC tsyhwin nyit).

Compare Min Nan 春日 (chhun-ji̍t).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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春(しゅん)日(じつ) • (shunjitsu) 

  1. the spring sun; a day in springtime
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
春 日
はる
Grade: 2 		ひ
Grade: 1
kun'yomi
Kanji in this term
春 日
はる
Grade: 2 		ひ > び
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.

Compound of 春 (haru, “spring, springtime”) ‎ 日 (hi, “sun, sunlight, daylight, day”).

Sometimes pronounced with rendaku (連濁), as harubi.[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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春(はる)日(ひ) or 春(はる)日(び) • (haruhi or harubi) 

  1. (archaic) the spring sun; a day in springtime
    • c. 1005–07, Shūi Wakashū (book 1, poem 57)
      ちりぬべき花(はな)見(み)る時(とき)はすがのねのながきはる日(ひ)もみじかかりける
      chirinu beki hana miru toki wa suga no ne no nagaki haruhi mo mijikakarikeru
      (please add an English translation of this example)
    • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:春日.
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:春日.

Proper noun

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春(はる)日(ひ) • (Haruhi) 

  1. a placename, especially within Kiyosu city in northwestern Aichi Prefecture
  2. a surname
  3. a female given name

Etymology 3

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Kanji in this term
春 日
かすが
Grade: 2 Grade: 1
jukujikun

From Old Japanese. The kanji spelling comes from the pillow word 春日(はるひ) (haruhi) used to introduce the place name Kasuga.[1]

Compare 飛鳥 (Asuka).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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春日(かすが) • (Kasuga) 

  1. a placename, especially:
    1. Short for 春日市 (Kasuga-shi): A city in Fukuoka Prefecture
    2. an ancient placename in the vicinity that is today part of city of Nara in Nara Prefecture; site of 春日大社 (Kasuga-taisha, “Kasuga Grand Shrine”)
  2. a surname
  3. a female given name
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:春日.

Derived terms
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Derived terms

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
春 日
Grade: 2 Grade: 1
irregular

Other various nanori readings.

Proper noun

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春日(かすか) • (Kasuka) 

  1. a surname

春日(かずか) • (Kazuka) 

  1. a placename

春日(しゅんにち) • (Shunnichi) 

  1. a surname

春日(はるか) • (Haruka) 

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

春日(はるま) • (Haruma) 

  1. a surname

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Old Japanese

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Etymology 1

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From 春 (paru, “spring, springtime”) ‎ 日 (pi1, “sun, sunlight, daylight, day”).

Noun

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春日 (parupi1) (kana はるひ)

  1. the spring sun; a day in springtime
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 5, poem 846:
      , text here
      可須美多都那我岐波流卑乎可謝勢例杼伊野那都可子岐烏梅能波那可毛
      kasumi1 tatu nagaki1 parupi1 wo kazaseredo2 iya natukasiki1 ume2 no2 pana ka mo
      Through the long spring day, hazy with its rising mist, we keep our brows decked with blossoms of the plum, but only grow the fonder.[1]
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 19, poem 4292:
      , text here
      宇良宇良爾照流春日爾比婆理安我里情悲毛比登里志於母倍婆
      uraura ni tereru parupi1 ni pi1bari agari ko2ko2ro2 kanasi mo pi1to2ri si omope2ba
      Into the soft light of a tranquil day in spring a lark rises high―leaving my heart saddened as I muse on all alone.[2]
    • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:春日.
  2. a misty day (or sun) in spring, allusion to 春日 (Kasuga, a placename, see below)
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:春日.

Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Japanese: 春日 (haruhi, harubi)

Etymology 2

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This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Kasu- cognate with 霞む (kasumu, “grow hazy, be misty”), -ga is either from 日 (-ka, “days”) or 処 (-ga, suffix indicating a place)?”

Compare 明日香 (Asuka), from pillow word 飛ぶ鳥の (to2bu to2ri no2).

Proper noun

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春日 (Kasuga) (kana かすが)

  1. a placename in the vicinity that is today part of the city of Nara in Nara Prefecture
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 3, poem 407:
      , text here
      千磐破神之社四無有世伐春日之野邊粟種益乎
      tipayaburu kami2 no2 yasiro2 si nakariseba Kasuga-no2-no1pe1 ni apa makamasi wo
      Thousand-rock-smashing, a fierce deity abides in the godly shrine: but for her I'd be well pleased to sow our millet in Kasuga fields.[3]
    • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:春日.
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:春日.

Derived terms
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Descendants
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See also
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References

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  1. ^ Edwin A. Cranston (1998) The Gem-Glistening Cup, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 548
  2. ^ Steven D. Carter (1991) Traditional Japanese Poetry: An Anthology, illustrated edition, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 70
  3. ^ Minoru Sonoda (2013) “Shinto and the natural environment”, in John Breen, Mark Teeuwen, editors, Shinto in History: Ways of the Kami (Routledge Studies in Asian Religion), Routledge, →ISBN
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