富士

Chinese

		rich; abundant; to enrich rich; abundant; to enrich; resource	scholar; warrior; knight
simp. and trad. (富士)		富	士

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富士

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富士(ふじ) (Fuji).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Fùshì

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fu³ si⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Fùshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Fùshìh
  - Wade–Giles: Fu⁴-shih⁴
  - Yale: Fù-shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Fuhshyh
  - Palladius: Фуши (Fuši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fu³ si⁶
  - Yale: fu sih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu³ si⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu³ xi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː³³ siː²²/

Proper noun

富士

(～山) Mount Fuji (The highest mountain in Japan)
(～市) Fuji (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)
Fuji (a Japanese company)
An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 富士, Fuji

Japanese

Kanji in this term
富	士
ふ Grade: 4 (ateji)	じ Grade: 5 (ateji)
goon

Alternative spellings
不二不尽

Etymology

⟨puzi⟩ → /ɸuʑi/ → /fuʑi/

From Old Japanese 富士 (Puzi).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ふじ [fúꜜjì] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟ʑi]

Proper noun

富(ふ)士(じ) • (Fuji)

富士, 不二, 不尽: Short for 富士山 (Fujisan): Mount Fuji (The highest mountain in Japan)
- 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 11, poem 534)
  人(ひと)知(し)れぬ思(おも)ひをつねにするがなる富士(ふじ)の山(やま)こそ我(わ)が身(み)なりけれ
  hito shirenu omoi o tsune ni Suruga naru Fuji-no-yama koso waga mi narikere
  (please add an English translation of this example)
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:富士.
Fuji (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)
a surname

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:富士.

Derived terms

Proverbs

富士(ふじ)は磯(いそ) (Fuji wa iso)

Descendants

→ Chinese:
- → Mandarin: 富士 (Fùshì)
- → Cantonese: 富士 (fu³ si⁶)
→ Dutch: Fuji
→ English: Fuji
→ French: Fuji
→ German: Fuji
→ Italian: Fuji
→ Korean: 후지 (Huji)
→ Portuguese: Fuji
→ Russian: Фудзи (Fudzi)
→ Spanish: Fuji
→ Vietnamese: Phú Sĩ

Noun

富(ふ)士(じ) • (fuji)

Short for 江戸の富士 (Edo no Fuji): a hill resembling Mount Fuji
an incense made of 伽羅 (kyara) aromatic wood
(euphemistic) female genitalia
Synonym: 女陰 (join)

Old Japanese

Alternative forms

不盡

Etymology

First attested in the Hitachi-no-kuni Fudoki (c. 717–724 CE).

Etymology continues to be debated, theories include:

From Ainu フヂ (huji, “[goddess of] fire”), commonly associated with volcanoes by the Ainu people.^[1]
Consider also Ainu カムイフチ, カムイフヂ (kamuy huci, kamuy huji, “the goddess of fire”), including the element カムイ (kamuy, “god”).^[2]
Alexander Vovin (2017) proposes a derivation from 火 (pu, “fire”, Eastern Old Japanese term and hapax legomenon encountered only once in any ancient source,^[3] inferred as equivalent to Western Old Japanese combining form po and standalone form pi) ‎ 主 (nusi, “master”). He also abandons the Ainu etymology based on his Proto-Ainu reconstructions.^[4]
*⟨pu nusi⟩ → */punusi/ → */punsi/ → ⟨puzi⟩

This kanji spelling first appeared in a variant of the Suruga-no-kuni Fudoki and in the Shoku Nihongi (797 CE), possibly relating to a folk etymology of 富 (fu, “abundant”) 士 (shi, “soldiers”) climbing the mountain. Multiple other folk etymologies exist, such as 不死 (fushi, “immortal”). All the folk etymologies rely on on'yomi readings, a trait that Vovin finds unsatisfactory due to the reliance on Chinese morphemes to spell an ancient Japanese placename.

Proper noun

富士 (Puzi) (kana ふじ)

Ellipsis of 富士の山 (Puzi-no₂-yama): Mount Fuji (The highest mountain in Japan)
- c. 717–724, Hitachi-no-kuni Fudoki (Tsukuba)
  神祖尊、巡行諸神之処、到駿河國福慈岳...
  The great highness went around the place of the gods and arrived at Mount Fuji in Suruga province...
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 11, poem 2695:
  , text here
  吾妹子尓相縁乎無駿河有不盡乃高嶺之焼管香將有
  wagi₁moko₁ ni apu yo₂si wo nami₁ Suruga naru Puzi no₂ takane no₂ moyetutu ka aramu
  With no way now for me to meet my love, my heart is burning with the thought of love like the fire on the top of Mount Fuji in Suruga.^[5]
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, first variant poem 3355, first variant:
  , text here
  安麻乃波良不自能之婆夜麻己能久礼能等伎由都利奈波阿波受可母安良牟
  ama no₂ para Puzi no₂ sibayama ko₂no₂ kure no₂ to₂ki₁ yuturinaba apazu ka mo aramu
  Under the shade of the trees, on the grassy mount^[sic] Fuji, field of the heavens, if too much time passes, [I] may not be able to meet [you].^[6]
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:富士.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:富士.

Descendants

Japanese: 富士 (Fuji)

References

^ John Batchelor (1925) The Pit-dwellers of Hokkaido and Ainu Place-names Considered, Sapporo, page 10
^ John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)‎^[1], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., as included in the Huchi entry available online here, rightmost column
^
c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4419:
, text here
^ Alexander Vovin and William McClure, editors (2017), Studies in Japanese and Korean Historical Linguistics and Beyond, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 80-89: “On The Etymology of the Name of Mt. Fuji”
^ Kazuha Tashiro (2017) “Mount Fuji and waka poetry”, in Yoshinori Yasuda, Mark J. Hudson, editors, Multidisciplinary Studies of the Environment and Civilization: Japanese Perspectives (Routledge Studies on Asia and the Anthropocene), Routledge, →ISBN
^ Matthew Zisk ((Can we date this quote?)) “Three types of semantic influence from Chinese through kundoku glossing on the Japanese language”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎^[2]

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
富	士

Proper noun

富士

chữ Hán form of Phú Sĩ.: Mount Fuji (The highest mountain in Japan)
chữ Hán form of Phú Sĩ.: Fuji (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)

[1] John Batchelor (1925) The Pit-dwellers of Hokkaido and Ainu Place-names Considered, Sapporo, page 10

[2] John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)‎^[1], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., as included in the Huchi entry available online here, rightmost column

[3] 
c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4419:
, text here

[4] Alexander Vovin and William McClure, editors (2017), Studies in Japanese and Korean Historical Linguistics and Beyond, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 80-89: “On The Etymology of the Name of Mt. Fuji”

[5] Kazuha Tashiro (2017) “Mount Fuji and waka poetry”, in Yoshinori Yasuda, Mark J. Hudson, editors, Multidisciplinary Studies of the Environment and Civilization: Japanese Perspectives (Routledge Studies on Asia and the Anthropocene), Routledge, →ISBN

[6] Matthew Zisk ((Can we date this quote?)) “Three types of semantic influence from Chinese through kundoku glossing on the Japanese language”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎^[2]

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