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Translingual
editHan character
edit喉 (Kangxi radical 30, 口 9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口人弓大 (RONK), four-corner 67034, composition ⿰口侯)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 197, character 31
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3913
- Dae Jaweon: page 419, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 657, character 4
- Unihan data for U 5589
Chinese
edit| trad. | 喉 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 喉 | |
| alternative forms | 㗋 𦞈 𦞕 | |
Glyph origin
editPhono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡoː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) phonetic 侯 (OC *ɡoː).
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ku (“neck; throat”) (STEDT); compare Chepang गुक् (“throat”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *kɔʔ (“neck”), whence Mon ကံ (kaʹ, “neck”), Khmer ក (kɑɑ, “neck”), Vietnamese cổ (“neck”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hou2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): heu2
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): hueh5
- Northern Min (KCR): ě
- Eastern Min (BUC): hèu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gheu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): hou2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄡˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hóu
- Wade–Giles: hou2
- Yale: hóu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hour
- Palladius: хоу (xou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xoʊ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: hou2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xou
- Sinological IPA (key): /xəu²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hau4
- Yale: hàuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: hau4
- Guangdong Romanization: heo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐu̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: heu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /heu²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: heu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɛu²⁴/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hèu
- Hakka Romanization System: heuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: heu2
- Sinological IPA: /heu̯¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)
- Wiktionary: hueh5
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuəʔ⁵⁴/
- (Taiyuan)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ě
- Sinological IPA (key): /e²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hèu
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɛu⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- hô͘/hiô - literary;
- âu - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ao5 / ao6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: âu / ău
- Sinological IPA (key): /au⁵⁵/, /au³⁵/
Note: ao6 - alternative pronunciation in 喉嚨.
- Middle Chinese: huw
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤ(r)o/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoː/
Definitions
edit喉
- (anatomy) larynx
- (by extension) throat; gullet
- (Cantonese) pipe; duct; hose; tube (Classifier: 條／条 c)
- guttural
Synonyms
editSee also
edit- 咽 (yān, “pharynx”)
Compounds
edit- 割喉 (gēhóu)
- 咽喉 (yānhóu)
- 咽喉要路
- 喉吻
- 喉咽 (hóuyān)
- 喉嚨／喉咙 (hóulóng, “throat”)
- 喉塞音
- 喉急
- 喉擦音
- 喉炎 (hóuyán)
- 喉片
- 喉痧
- 喉癌 (hóu'ái)
- 喉科 (hóukē)
- 喉管 (hóuguǎn)
- 喉結／喉结 (hóujié)
- 喉舌 (hóushé)
- 喉衿
- 喉鏡／喉镜 (hóujìng)
- 喉長氣短／喉长气短
- 喉音 (hóuyīn)
- 喉頭／喉头 (hóutóu)
- 喉風／喉风
- 囀喉／啭喉
- 大喉嚨／大喉咙 (dàhóulóng)
- 如鯁在喉／如鲠在喉
- 弔喉／吊喉
- 扼喉撫背／扼喉抚背 (èhóufǔbèi)
- 拊背扼喉
- 摩喉羅／摩喉罗
- 撫背扼喉／抚背扼喉
- 歌喉 (gēhóu)
- 潤喉／润喉 (rùnhóu)
- 為民喉舌／为民喉舌
- 煙生喉舌／烟生喉舌
- 猴急 (hóují)
- 珠喉
- 發喉急／发喉急
- 白喉 (báihóu)
- 白喉疫苗
- 結喉／结喉 (jiéhóu)
- 耳鼻喉科 (ěrbíhóukē)
- 衿喉
- 襟喉
- 見血封喉／见血封喉 (jiànxuèfēnghóu)
- 調喉／调喉
- 調喉嗓／调喉嗓
- 鎖喉／锁喉 (suǒhóu)
- 骨鯁在喉／骨鲠在喉 (gǔgěngzàihóu)
Descendants
edit- → Proto-Tai: *ɣoːᴬ
References
edit- “喉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
editKanji
edit喉
Readings
editCompounds
editEtymology 1
edit| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 喉 |
| のど Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 咽 |
/nomito/ > /nomto/ > /nomdo/ > /nondo/ > /nodo/.
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- throat
- (printing, of a page) the inside margin, whichever vertical margin that is adjacent to the spine of the book
Synonyms
edit- 咽喉 (inkō)
Etymology 2
edit| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 喉 |
| こう Grade: S |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 喉 (huw).
Pronunciation
editCounter
edit- counter for fish
Synonyms
edit- 尾 (bi)
Etymology 3
edit| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 喉 |
| Grade: S |
| irregular |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 咽 |
/nomito/ > /nomto/ > /nomdo/ > /nondo/.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editEtymology 4
edit| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 喉 |
| Grade: S |
| irregular |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 咽 |
From 喉 (nomito).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- throat
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 57:
- 喉吻 下无粉反 口邊也 唇兩邊也 上音呉 訓乃美土
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Etymology 5
edit| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 喉 |
| Grade: S |
| irregular |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 咽 |
Compound of 飲み (nomi, “drink”) 門 (to, “passage”). Nomi is the nominalized form of the verb 飲む (nomu, “to drink”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- throat
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 81:
- 咽咀 上於見反 咽倭云能美等 咀嚼也 咀才與反 倭言久不
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
References
edit- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- Unknown (794) Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.
- Takeuchi, Rizō (1962) Nara Ibun: Volume 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō Shuppan, →ISBN.
Korean
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese 喉 (MC huw).
Recorded as Middle Korean ᅘᅮᇢ (Yale: hhwuw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 후 (hwu) (Yale: hwu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
edit
喉 (eumhun 목구멍 후 (mokgumeong hu))
Compounds
editCompounds
References
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Okinawan
editKanji
edit喉
Readings
editEtymology
edit| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 喉 |
| ぬーでぃー Grade: S |
From Proto-Ryukyuan *nodoe, a blend of *nodo and *noboe. Cognate with Japanese 喉 (nodo).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit喉 (nūdī)
Derived terms
edit- 喉弦 (nūdījiru, “vocal cords”)
References
edit- “ぬーでぃー【喉】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- zh:Anatomy
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