ऊन

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /uːn/, [ũːn]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (uṇṇā), from Sanskrit ऊर्णा (ū́rṇā), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwŕ̥HnaH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”). Doublet of ऊर्णा (ūrṇā), a tatsama.

Noun

ऊन • (ūn) m (Urdu spelling اون)

1. wool

Declension

Declension of ऊन (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	ऊन ūn	ऊन ūn
oblique	ऊन ūn	ऊनों ūnõ
vocative	ऊन ūn	ऊनो ūno

Derived terms

• ऊनी (ūnī, “woolen”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀊𑀡 (ūṇa), from Sanskrit ऊन (ūná, “less, deficient”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HuHnás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁uh₂nós. Related to ऊना (ūnā).

Adjective

ऊन • (ūn)

1. (obsolete) deficient, defective, less, minus

   Synonym: कम (kam)

2. (obsolete, figurative) displeased, disaffected

Derived terms

• (ऊनवाचक, diminutive)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ūˊrṇā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi उन्ह (unha), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳 (uṇha), from Sanskrit उष्ण (uṣṇá).

Adjective

ऊन • (ūn)

1. warm, hot

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ঊন (Assamese script)
• ᬊᬦ (Balinese script)
• ঊন (Bengali script)
• 𑰅𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀊𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ဦန (Burmese script)
• ઊન (Gujarati script)
• ਊਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌊𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦈꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂈𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ಊನ (Kannada script)
• ឩន (Khmer script)
• ອູນ (Lao script)
• ഊന (Malayalam script)
• ᡠᡠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘅𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠤᠤᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦥𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐅𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଊନ (Odia script)
• ꢇꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆈𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖅𑖡 (Siddham script)
• ඌන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩒𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚅𑚝 (Takri script)
• ஊந (Tamil script)
• ఊన (Telugu script)
• อูน (Thai script)
• ཨཱུ་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒆𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *HuHnás (“empty, deficient”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁uh₂-nó-s, from *h₁weh₂-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬏𐬥𐬀 (ūna), Latin vānus, Proto-Germanic *wanaz.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /uː.nɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈuː.n̪ɐ/

Adjective

ऊन • (ūná) stem (comparative उनीयस्, superlative उनिष्ठ)

1. deficient, wanting, lacking, less than the right number
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā)
2. minus, fewer, smaller, inferior
3. defective

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of ऊन (ūná)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ऊनः ūnáḥ	ऊनौ / ऊना¹ ūnaú / ūnā́¹	ऊनाः / ऊनासः¹ ūnā́ḥ / ūnā́saḥ¹
Vocative	ऊन ū́na	ऊनौ / ऊना¹ ū́nau / ū́nā¹	ऊनाः / ऊनासः¹ ū́nāḥ / ū́nāsaḥ¹
Accusative	ऊनम् ūnám	ऊनौ / ऊना¹ ūnaú / ūnā́¹	ऊनान् ūnā́n
Instrumental	ऊनेन ūnéna	ऊनाभ्याम् ūnā́bhyām	ऊनैः / ऊनेभिः¹ ūnaíḥ / ūnébhiḥ¹
Dative	ऊनाय ūnā́ya	ऊनाभ्याम् ūnā́bhyām	ऊनेभ्यः ūnébhyaḥ
Ablative	ऊनात् ūnā́t	ऊनाभ्याम् ūnā́bhyām	ऊनेभ्यः ūnébhyaḥ
Genitive	ऊनस्य ūnásya	ऊनयोः ūnáyoḥ	ऊनानाम् ūnā́nām
Locative	ऊने ūné	ऊनयोः ūnáyoḥ	ऊनेषु ūnéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of ऊना (ūnā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ऊना ūnā́	ऊने ūné	ऊनाः ūnā́ḥ
Vocative	ऊने ū́ne	ऊने ū́ne	ऊनाः ū́nāḥ
Accusative	ऊनाम् ūnā́m	ऊने ūné	ऊनाः ūnā́ḥ
Instrumental	ऊनया / ऊना¹ ūnáyā / ūnā́¹	ऊनाभ्याम् ūnā́bhyām	ऊनाभिः ūnā́bhiḥ
Dative	ऊनायै ūnā́yai	ऊनाभ्याम् ūnā́bhyām	ऊनाभ्यः ūnā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	ऊनायाः / ऊनायै² ūnā́yāḥ / ūnā́yai²	ऊनाभ्याम् ūnā́bhyām	ऊनाभ्यः ūnā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	ऊनायाः / ऊनायै² ūnā́yāḥ / ūnā́yai²	ऊनयोः ūnáyoḥ	ऊनानाम् ūnā́nām
Locative	ऊनायाम् ūnā́yām	ऊनयोः ūnáyoḥ	ऊनासु ūnā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of ऊन (ūná)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ऊनम् ūnám	ऊने ūné	ऊनानि / ऊना¹ ūnā́ni / ūnā́¹
Vocative	ऊन ū́na	ऊने ū́ne	ऊनानि / ऊना¹ ū́nāni / ū́nā¹
Accusative	ऊनम् ūnám	ऊने ūné	ऊनानि / ऊना¹ ūnā́ni / ūnā́¹
Instrumental	ऊनेन ūnéna	ऊनाभ्याम् ūnā́bhyām	ऊनैः / ऊनेभिः¹ ūnaíḥ / ūnébhiḥ¹
Dative	ऊनाय ūnā́ya	ऊनाभ्याम् ūnā́bhyām	ऊनेभ्यः ūnébhyaḥ
Ablative	ऊनात् ūnā́t	ऊनाभ्याम् ūnā́bhyām	ऊनेभ्यः ūnébhyaḥ
Genitive	ऊनस्य ūnásya	ऊनयोः ūnáyoḥ	ऊनानाम् ūnā́nām
Locative	ऊने ūné	ऊनयोः ūnáyoḥ	ऊनेषु ūnéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Helu Prakrit:
  • Sinhalese: උනු (unu, “deficient”)
• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀊𑀡 (ūṇa)
  • Bengali: ঊন (un, “less”)
  • Odia: ଊଣା (uṇā, “less, lacking”)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀊𑀡 (ūṇa)
  • Konkani: उणे (uṇe, “less”)
  • Marathi: उणे (uṇe, “less, minus”)
  • ⇒ Marathi: उणीव (uṇīv, “deficiency”)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: ਊਣਾ (ūṇā)
• Pali: ūna
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀊𑀡 (ūṇa)
  • Hindi: ऊना (ūnā, “less; lacking, incomplete”)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “ऊन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 221/2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 241