شمشاد

Arabic

شَمْشَاد

Alternative forms

• شَمْشَار (šamšār), شَمْشِير (šamšīr)

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian شمشاد (šemšâd).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃam.ʃaːd/

Noun

شَمْشَاد • (šamšād) m

1. box (Buxus sempervirens)

   Synonyms: بُقْس (buqs), عَثَق (ʕaṯaq)

Declension

Declension of noun شَمْشَاد (šamšād)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَمْشَاد šamšād	الشَّمْشَاد aš-šamšād	شَمْشَاد šamšād
Nominative	شَمْشَادٌ šamšādun	الشَّمْشَادُ aš-šamšādu	شَمْشَادُ šamšādu
Accusative	شَمْشَادًا šamšādan	الشَّمْشَادَ aš-šamšāda	شَمْشَادَ šamšāda
Genitive	شَمْشَادٍ šamšādin	الشَّمْشَادِ aš-šamšādi	شَمْشَادِ šamšādi

References

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “شمشاد”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 787

Ottoman Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃim.ˈʃɑd]

Noun

شمشاد • (şimşad)

1. alternative form of چمشیر (çimşir, “box tree”)

Persian

Alternative forms

• شمشار (šemšâr)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (šmšʾl /⁠šimšār⁠/), borrowed from Classical Syriac ܫܡܫܪܐ (šemšārā, šamšārā), ܫܡܫܛ (šemšaṭ, “boxwood”), or perhaps the other way around, ultimately of uncertain origin. Cognate with Akkadian 𒅆𒈨𒌍𒊭𒇻𒌋 (ši-meš-ša-lu-u /⁠šimeššalû⁠/), 𒋆𒊭𒇻𒌋 (šim-ša-lu-u /⁠šimšalû, šimšallu⁠/, “a tree; potentially boxwood”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʃim.ˈʃɑːð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃɪm.ʃɑ́ːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃɪm.ʃɑ́ːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʃɪm.ʃɑ́ːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʃim.ʃɔ́ːd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃem.ʃɒ́ːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃim.ʃɔ́d̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	šimšāḏ
Dari reading?	šimšād
Iranian reading?	šemšâd
Tajik reading?	šimšod

Noun

شمشاد • (šemšâd) (plural شمشادها (šemšâd-hâ))

1. box (Buxus sempervirens)
2. (poetic) Metaphor for the beloved's graceful figure.

Descendants

• → Arabic: شَمْشَاد (šamšād), شَمْشَار (šamšār), شَمْشِير (šamšīr)
• → Kazakh: шамшат (şamşat)
• → Old Anatolian Turkish: شمشاد (şimşad)
  • Azerbaijani: şümşad
    • → Lezgi: шуьмшат (šümšat)
  • Ottoman Turkish: چمشیر (çimşir), شمشیر (şimşir), شمشار (şimşar), شمشاد (şimşad)
    • Turkish: şimşir
    • → Albanian: shimshir
    • → Aromanian: šimšír
    • → Bulgarian: чимши́р (čimšír), чемши́р (čemšír)
    • → Greek: τσιμσίρι (tsimsíri), τσιμισίρι (tsimisíri)
    • → Karachay-Balkar: шемсер (şemser)
    • → Macedonian: шимшир (šimšir)
    • → Romanian: cimișir, cimșir
    • → Serbo-Croatian:

      Cyrillic script: шѝмшир

      Latin script: šìmšir

• → Pashto: شمشاد (šamšâd)
• → Punjabi: ਸ਼ਮਸ਼ਾਦ (śamśād)
• → Russian: самши́т (samšít)
  • → Belarusian: самши́т (samšít)
  • → Ukrainian: самши́т (samšýt)
• → Turkmen: şemşat
• → Uzbek: шамшод (shamshod)

Further reading

• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “شمشاد”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 463