тура

See also: Тура, түрә, and Appendix:Variations of "tura"

Bashkir

Etymology

From *toğra (“direct; correct”). (See the immediate cognates below.) No consensus exists on the further derivation.

Cognate with Kazakh тура (tura, “straight, direct; just”), Kyrgyz туура (tuura, “straight”), Uyghur توغرا (toghra, “straight”); Kumyk тувра (tuwra, “straight”), perhaps also Southern Altai туура (tuura, “width”), Tuvan доора (doora, “transverse; indirect”), Yakut туора (tuora, “transverse; aside”).

Note that a parallel archetype form *toğru should be reconstructed to accommodate many other cognates, including Old Uyghur [script needed] (toγru, “correct, direct”), Uzbek to'g'ri (“correct”), Bashkir тоғро (toğro, “loyal”), Turkish doğru (“correct”), etc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [to.ˈɾɑ]
• Hyphenation: ту‧ра

Adjective

тура • (tura)

1. straight

   Тура һыҙыҡ.

   Tura hıźıq.

   A straight line.

2. direct

   Тура поезд.

   Tura poyezd.

   Direct train.

   Тура бәйләнеш.

   Tura bəyləneş.

   Direct communication line.

3. (geometry, of an angle) 90 degrees, right

   Тура мөйөш.

   Tura möyöş.

   Right angle.

4. (radio, TV, online broadcast) live, on air

Synonyms

• (straight) тапҡыр (tapqır)

Kazakh

Alternative scripts
Arabic	تۋرا
Cyrillic	тура
Latin	tura

Etymology 1

Cognate with Bashkir тура (tura, “straight, direct”), Kyrgyz туура (tuura, “straight”), Uyghur توغرا (toghra, “straight”); perhaps also Southern Altai туура (tuura, “width”), Tuvan доора (doora, “transverse; indirect”), Yakut туора (tuora, “transverse; aside”), etc.

Adjective

тура • (tura)

1. straight, upright, direct
2. just, fair, true

Adverb

тура • (tura)

1. straightly
2. fairly, justly

Noun

тура • (tura)

1. case, affair, circumstance

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Russian тура (tura), from French tour, from Latin turris (“tower; rook”).

Noun

тура • (tura)

1. (chess) rook, castle

Declension

declension of тура

	singular (жекеше)	plural (көпше)
nominative (атау септік)	тура (tura)	туралар (turalar)
genitive (ілік септік)	тураның (turanyñ)	туралардың (turalardyñ)
dative (барыс септік)	тураға (turağa)	тураларға (turalarğa)
accusative (табыс септік)	тураны (turany)	тураларды (turalardy)
locative (жатыс септік)	турада (turada)	тураларда (turalarda)
ablative (шығыс септік)	турадан (turadan)	туралардан (turalardan)
instrumental (көмектес септік)	турамен (turamen)	туралармен (turalarmen)

See also

Chess pieces in Kazakh · шахмат тастары (şaxmat tastary) (layout · text)
патша (patşa)	уәзір (uäzır), патшайым (patşaiym)	тура (tura)	піл (pıl)	ат (at)	пешка (peşka), сарбаз (sarbaz)

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtuɾa]
• Rhymes: -uɾa

Noun

тура • (tura) f

1. round (e.g. first round)
2. tour

Declension

Declension of тура

	singular	plural
indefinite	тура (tura)	тури (turi)
definite unspecified	турата (turata)	турите (turite)
definite proximal	турава (turava)	туриве (turive)
definite distal	турана (turana)	турине (turine)
vocative	туро (turo)	тури (turi)

Verb

тура • (tura) third-singular present, impf (perfective тури)

1. (transitive) to pour
2. (transitive, colloquial) to put, place

Conjugation

Conjugation of тура (imperfective, present in -а)

l-participles	imperfect	aorist	non-finite forms
masculine	турал	—	adjectival participle	туран
feminine	турала	—	adverbial participle	турајќи
neuter	турало	—	verbal noun	турање
plural	турале	—	perfect participle	турано
	present	imperfect	aorist	imperative
1st singular	турам	турав	—	—
2nd singular	тураш	тураше	—	турај
3rd singular	тура	тураше	—	—
1st plural	тураме	туравме	—	—
2nd plural	турате	туравте	—	турајте
3rd plural	тураат	тураа	—	—
Compound tenses
perfect	сум турал		present of сум (except in the 3rd person) imperfect l-participle
има-perfect	имам турано		present of има perfect participle
pluperfect	бев турал		imperfect of сум imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect	имав турано		imperfect of има perfect participle
има-perfect reported	сум имал турано		perfect of има perfect participle
future	ќе турам		ќе present
има-future	ќе имам турано		future of има perfect participle
future in the past	ќе турав		ќе imperfect
има-future in the past	ќе имав турано		future in the past of има perfect participle
future reported	ќе сум турал		ќе imperfect l-participle
има-future reported	ќе сум имал турано		future reported of има perfect participle
conditional	би турал		би imperfect l-participle
има-conditional	би имал турано		conditional of има perfect participle

Russian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French tour, from Latin turris (“tower; rook”) (whence also English tower, English turret). Doublet of туре́ль (turélʹ).

Compare also Ukrainian тура (tura).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tʊˈra]

Noun

тура́ • (turá) f inan (genitive туры́, nominative plural туры́, genitive plural тур)

1. (chess, informal) rook, castle
2. (obsolete) tower

Declension

Declension of тура́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-b) 

	singular	plural
nominative	тура́ turá	туры́ turý
genitive	туры́ turý	ту́р túr
dative	туре́ turé	тура́м turám
accusative	туру́ turú	туры́ turý
instrumental	туро́й, туро́ю turój, turóju	тура́ми turámi
prepositional	туре́ turé	тура́х turáx

Pre-reform declension of тура́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-b) 

	singular	plural
nominative	тура́ turá	туры́ turý
genitive	туры́ turý	ту́ръ túr
dative	турѣ́ turě́	тура́мъ turám
accusative	туру́ turú	туры́ turý
instrumental	туро́й, туро́ю turój, turóju	тура́ми turámi
prepositional	турѣ́ turě́	тура́хъ turáx

Synonyms

• (chess rook): Л (L) (abbreviation), ладья́ (ladʹjá) (formal)

Descendants

• → Kazakh: тура (tura)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тура”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈturə]

Noun

ту́ра • (túra) m inan or m anim

1. inflection of тур (tur):
   1. genitive singular
   2. animate accusative singular

Further reading

• тура in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru

Shor

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʰuˈra/

Noun

тура • (tura)

1. city, town

Southern Altai

Etymology

From obsolete Russian тура́ f inan (turá, “tower, castle”), from French tour f (“tower”), from Old French tor f (“tower”), from Latin turrim f (accusative of turris f (“tower”)), from Ancient Greek τύρρις f (túrrhis, assimilated variant of τύρσις f (túrsis, “tower”)).

Compare Siberian Tatar тора (“city, town”), Tatar тора (tora), Shor тура (tura, “city, town”), Khakas тура (tura, “house; city, town”), etc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tʊ.rɐ]
• Hyphenation: ту‧ра

Noun

тура • (tura)

1. house
2. city, town

Declension

Inflection of тура (tura)

	singular	plural
absolute	тура (tura)	туралар (turalar)
definite genitive	тураныҥ (turanïŋ)	туралардыҥ (turalardïŋ)
dative	турага (turaga)	тураларга (turalarga)
definite accusative	тураны (turanï)	тураларды (turalardï)
locative	турада (turada)	тураларда (turalarda)
ablative	турадаҥ (turadaŋ)	туралардаҥ (turalardaŋ)

Ukrainian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tʊˈra]

Noun

тура́ • (turá) f inan (genitive тури́, nominative plural ту́ри, genitive plural тур)

1. (chess) rook

Declension

Declension of тура́ (inan hard fem-form accent-d)

	singular	plural
nominative	тура́ turá	ту́ри túry
genitive	тури́ turý	тур tur
dative	турі́ turí	ту́рам túram
accusative	туру́ turú	ту́ри túry
instrumental	туро́ю turóju	ту́рами túramy
locative	турі́ turí	ту́рах túrax
vocative	ту́ро túro	ту́ри túry

See also

Chess pieces in Ukrainian · шахові фігури (šaxovi fihury) (layout · text)
король (korolʹ)	ферзь (ferzʹ)	тура (tura)	слон (slon)	кінь (kinʹ)	пішак (pišak)

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “тура”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka