YWHAE

14-3-3 protein epsilon is a protein that in humans is encoded by the YWHAE gene.

YWHAE
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2BR9, 3UAL, 3UBW
Identifiers
Aliases	YWHAE, 14-3-3E, HEL2, KCIP-1, MDCR, MDS, tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein epsilon
External IDs	OMIM: 605066; MGI: 894689; HomoloGene: 100743; GeneCards: YWHAE; OMA:YWHAE - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human) Band 17p13.3 Start 1,344,275 bp End 1,400,222 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse) Band 11 B5|11 45.92 cM Start 75,623,695 bp End 75,656,671 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in superior frontal gyrus ventricular zone primary visual cortex prefrontal cortex ganglionic eminence corpus callosum dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Brodmann area 9 Temporal Lobe Amygdala Top expressed in somite mandibular prominence maxillary prominence Gonadal ridge habenula dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus optic nerve supraoptic nucleus atrium subiculum More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transmembrane transporter binding protein domain specific binding protein-containing complex binding histone deacetylase binding potassium channel regulator activity phosphoprotein binding protein binding MHC class II protein complex binding protein heterodimerization activity enzyme binding phosphoserine residue binding ubiquitin protein ligase binding cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion RNA binding calcium channel regulator activity identical protein binding cadherin binding scaffold protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol membrane kinesin complex focal adhesion melanosome axon mitochondrion extracellular exosome cytoplasmic vesicle membrane nucleus plasma membrane synapse central region of growth cone glutamatergic synapse Biological process protein targeting negative regulation of protein dephosphorylation intracellular signal transduction substantia nigra development neuron migration negative regulation of peptidyl-serine dephosphorylation hippo signaling positive regulation of protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane involved in apoptotic signaling pathway G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle regulation of heart rate by hormone regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity cerebral cortex development regulation of cellular response to heat regulation of membrane repolarization membrane organization viral process regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential hippocampus development cell-cell adhesion negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process MAPK cascade regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle protein localization to nucleus cellular response to heat positive regulation of protein export from nucleus regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration ciliary basal body-plasma membrane docking regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels negative regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity negative regulation of calcium ion export across plasma membrane Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 7531 22627 Ensembl ENSG00000274474 ENSG00000108953 ENSMUSG00000020849 UniProt P62258 P62259 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006761 NM_009536 RefSeq (protein) NP_006752 NP_033562 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 1.34 – 1.4 Mb Chr 11: 75.62 – 75.66 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Function

This gene product belongs to the 14-3-3 family of proteins which mediate signal transduction by binding to phosphoserine-containing proteins. This highly conserved protein family is found in both plants and mammals, and this protein is 100% identical to the mouse ortholog. It interacts with CDC25 phosphatases, RAF1 and IRS1 proteins, suggesting its role in diverse biochemical activities related to signal transduction, such as cell division and regulation of insulin sensitivity. It has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of small cell lung cancer, and microdeletions associated with Miller–Dieker syndrome.

Interactions

YWHAE has been shown to interact with:

• C-Raf,
• CDC25B,
• HDAC4,
• HERG,
• IRS1 and
• IGF1R,
• MAP3K3,
• NDEL1,
• NGFRAP1, and
• TGF beta 1.

See also

• 14-3-3 protein

Further reading

• Kino T, Pavlakis GN (2004). "Partner molecules of accessory protein Vpr of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1". DNA Cell Biol. 23 (4): 193–205. doi:10.1089/104454904773819789. PMID 15142377.
• Kino T, Chrousos GP (2004). "Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 accessory protein Vpr: a causative agent of the AIDS-related insulin resistance/lipodystrophy syndrome?". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1024 (1): 153–67. Bibcode:2004NYASA1024..153K. doi:10.1196/annals.1321.013. PMID 15265780. S2CID 23655886.
• Jones DH, Ley S, Aitken A (1995). "Isoforms of 14-3-3 protein can form homo- and heterodimers in vivo and in vitro: implications for function as adapter proteins". FEBS Lett. 368 (1): 55–8. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(95)00598-4. PMID 7615088. S2CID 7233378.
• Conklin DS, Galaktionov K, Beach D (1995). "14-3-3 proteins associate with cdc25 phosphatases". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (17): 7892–6. Bibcode:1995PNAS...92.7892C. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.17.7892. PMC 41252. PMID 7644510.
• Jin DY, Lyu MS, Kozak CA, Jeang KT (1996). "Function of 14-3-3 proteins". Nature. 382 (6589): 308. Bibcode:1996Natur.382..308J. doi:10.1038/382308a0. PMID 8684458. S2CID 7296682.
• Vincenz C, Dixit VM (1996). "14-3-3 proteins associate with A20 in an isoform-specific manner and function both as chaperone and adapter molecules". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (33): 20029–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.33.20029. PMID 8702721.
• Chong SS, Tanigami A, Roschke AV, Ledbetter DH (1997). "14-3-3 epsilon has no homology to LIS1 and lies telomeric to it on chromosome 17p13.3 outside the Miller-Dieker syndrome chromosome region". Genome Res. 6 (8): 735–41. doi:10.1101/gr.6.8.735. PMID 8858348.
• Craparo A, Freund R, Gustafson TA (1997). "14-3-3 (epsilon) interacts with the insulin-like growth factor I receptor and insulin receptor substrate I in a phosphoserine-dependent manner". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (17): 11663–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.17.11663. PMID 9111084.
• Han L, Wong D, Dhaka A, Afar D, White M, Xie W, Herschman H, Witte O, Colicelli J (1997). "Protein binding and signaling properties of RIN1 suggest a unique effector function". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (10): 4954–9. Bibcode:1997PNAS...94.4954H. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.10.4954. PMC 24612. PMID 9144171.
• Ogihara T, Isobe T, Ichimura T, Taoka M, Funaki M, Sakoda H, Onishi Y, Inukai K, Anai M, Fukushima Y, Kikuchi M, Yazaki Y, Oka Y, Asano T (1997). "14-3-3 protein binds to insulin receptor substrate-1, one of the binding sites of which is in the phosphotyrosine binding domain". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (40): 25267–74. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.40.25267. PMID 9312143.
• Hsu SY, Kaipia A, Zhu L, Hsueh AJ (1997). "Interference of BAD (Bcl-xL/Bcl-2-associated death promoter)-induced apoptosis in mammalian cells by 14-3-3 isoforms and P11". Mol. Endocrinol. 11 (12): 1858–67. doi:10.1210/mend.11.12.0023. PMID 9369453.
• Nagata Ki, Puls A, Futter C, Aspenstrom P, Schaefer E, Nakata T, Hirokawa N, Hall A (1998). "The MAP kinase kinase kinase MLK2 co-localizes with activated JNK along microtubules and associates with kinesin superfamily motor KIF3". EMBO J. 17 (1): 149–58. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.1.149. PMC 1170366. PMID 9427749.
• Fanger GR, Widmann C, Porter AC, Sather S, Johnson GL, Vaillancourt RR (1998). "14-3-3 proteins interact with specific MEK kinases". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (6): 3476–83. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.6.3476. PMID 9452471.
• Ku NO, Liao J, Omary MB (1998). "Phosphorylation of human keratin 18 serine 33 regulates binding to 14-3-3 proteins". EMBO J. 17 (7): 1892–906. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.7.1892. PMC 1170536. PMID 9524113.
• Luk SC, Ngai SM, Tsui SK, Fung KP, Lee CY, Waye MM (1999). "In vivo and in vitro association of 14-3-3 epsilon isoform with calmodulin: implication for signal transduction and cell proliferation". J. Cell. Biochem. 73 (1): 31–5. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(19990401)73:1<31::AID-JCB4>3.0.CO;2-X. PMID 10088721. S2CID 1160678.
• Ostrerova N, Petrucelli L, Farrer M, Mehta N, Choi P, Hardy J, Wolozin B (1999). "alpha-Synuclein shares physical and functional homology with 14-3-3 proteins". J. Neurosci. 19 (14): 5782–91. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-14-05782.1999. PMC 6783081. PMID 10407019.
• Finlin BS, Andres DA (1999). "Phosphorylation-dependent association of the Ras-related GTP-binding protein Rem with 14-3-3 proteins". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 368 (2): 401–12. doi:10.1006/abbi.1999.1316. PMID 10441394.
• Dorner C, Ullrich A, Häring HU, Lammers R (1999). "The kinesin-like motor protein KIF1C occurs in intact cells as a dimer and associates with proteins of the 14-3-3 family". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (47): 33654–60. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.47.33654. PMID 10559254.
• Aoki H, Hayashi J, Moriyama M, Arakawa Y, Hino O (2000). "Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein Interacts with 14-3-3 Protein and Activates the Kinase Raf-1". J. Virol. 74 (4): 1736–41. doi:10.1128/JVI.74.4.1736-1741.2000. PMC 111649. PMID 10644344.