A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Sunday, August 31, 1913,[1][2][3] with a magnitude of 0.1513. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.
| Solar eclipse of August 31, 1913 | |
|---|---|
 Map | |
| Type of eclipse | |
| Nature | Partial |
| Gamma | 1.4512 |
| Magnitude | 0.1513 |
| Maximum eclipse | |
| Coordinates | 61°30′N 26°48′W / 61.5°N 26.8°W |
| Times (UTC) | |
| Greatest eclipse | 20:52:12 |
| References | |
| Saros | 114 (71 of 72) |
| Catalog # (SE5000) | 9312 |
A partial eclipse was visible for parts of eastern Canada and Greenland.
Eclipse details
editShown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| Equatorial Conjunction | 1913 August 31 at 19:35:08.9 UTC |
| First Penumbral External Contact | 1913 August 31 at 20:02:37.1 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 1913 August 31 at 20:38:01.7 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 1913 August 31 at 20:52:11.8 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 1913 August 31 at 21:42:17.1 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 0.15134 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 0.06998 |
| Gamma | 1.45121 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 10h37m57.1s |
| Sun Declination | 08°38'38.2" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 15'51.0" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.7" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 10h40m42.4s |
| Moon Declination | 09°57'27.7" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 16'42.1" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 1°01'17.9" |
| ΔT | 15.5 s |
Eclipse season
editThis eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.
| August 31 Descending node (new moon) |
September 15 Ascending node (full moon) |
September 30 Descending node (new moon) |
|---|---|---|
| |
 |
|
| Partial solar eclipse Solar Saros 114 |
Total lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 126 |
Partial solar eclipse Solar Saros 152 |
Related eclipses
editEclipses in 1913
edit- A total lunar eclipse on March 22.
- A partial solar eclipse on April 6.
- A partial solar eclipse on August 31.
- A total lunar eclipse on September 15.
- A partial solar eclipse on September 30.
Metonic
edit- Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 19, 1917
Tzolkinex
edit- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 21, 1906
Tritos
edit- Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 31, 1924
Solar Saros 114
edit- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of August 20, 1895
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 12, 1931
Inex
edit- Followed by: Solar eclipse of August 12, 1942
Triad
edit- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 31, 1826
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 1, 2000
Solar eclipses of 1913–1917
editThis eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]
The partial solar eclipses on April 6, 1913 and September 30, 1913 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the solar eclipses on December 24, 1916 (partial), June 19, 1917 (partial), and December 14, 1917 (annular) occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| Solar eclipse series sets from 1913 to 1917 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Descending node | Ascending node | |||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
| 114 | August 31, 1913 Partial |
1.4512 | 119 | February 25, 1914 Annular |
−0.9416 | |
| 124 | August 21, 1914 Total |
0.7655 | 129 | February 14, 1915 Annular |
−0.2024 | |
| 134 | August 10, 1915 Annular |
0.0124 | 139.png)
|
February 3, 1916 Total |
0.4987 | |
| 144 | July 30, 1916 Annular |
−0.7709 | 149 | January 23, 1917 Partial |
1.1508 | |
| 154 | July 19, 1917 Partial |
−1.5101 | ||||
Saros 114
editThis eclipse is a part of Saros series 114, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 72 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on July 23, 651 AD. It contains annular eclipses from February 3, 976 AD through June 11, 1192; hybrid eclipses from June 22, 1210 through December 1, 1480; and total eclipses from December 13, 1498 through June 15, 1787. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on September 12, 1931. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 20 at 4 minutes, 33 seconds on February 13, 994 AD, and the longest duration of totality was produced by member 59 at 4 minutes, 18 seconds on April 21, 1697. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[6]
| Series members 65–72 occur between 1801 and 1931: | ||
|---|---|---|
| 65 | 66 | 67 |
 June 26, 1805 |
 July 8, 1823 |
 July 18, 1841 |
| 68 | 69 | 70 |
 July 29, 1859 |
 August 9, 1877 |
 August 20, 1895 |
| 71 | 72 | |
| August 31, 1913 |
 September 12, 1931 | |
Metonic series
editThe metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.
| 22 eclipse events between April 8, 1902 and August 31, 1989 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 7–8 | January 24–25 | November 12 | August 31–September 1 | June 19–20 |
| 108 | 110 | 112 | 114 | 116 |
 April 8, 1902 |
August 31, 1913 |
 June 19, 1917 | ||
| 118 | 120 | 122 | 124 | 126 |
 April 8, 1921 |
 January 24, 1925 |
 November 12, 1928 |
 August 31, 1932 |
 June 19, 1936 |
| 128 | 130 | 132 | 134 | 136 |
 April 7, 1940 |
 January 25, 1944 |
 November 12, 1947 |
 September 1, 1951 |
 June 20, 1955 |
| 138 | 140 | 142 | 144 | 146 |
 April 8, 1959 |
 January 25, 1963 |
 November 12, 1966 |
 August 31, 1970 |
 June 20, 1974 |
| 148 | 150 | 152 | 154 | |
 April 7, 1978 |
 January 25, 1982 |
 November 12, 1985 |
 August 31, 1989 | |
Tritos series
editThis eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1837 and 2200 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 April 5, 1837 (Saros 107) |
 March 5, 1848 (Saros 108) |
 February 3, 1859 (Saros 109) |
 December 2, 1880 (Saros 111) | |
| August 31, 1913 (Saros 114) |
 July 31, 1924 (Saros 115) |
 June 30, 1935 (Saros 116) | ||
 May 30, 1946 (Saros 117) |
 April 30, 1957 (Saros 118) |
 March 28, 1968 (Saros 119) |
 February 26, 1979 (Saros 120) |
 January 26, 1990 (Saros 121) |
 December 25, 2000 (Saros 122) |
 November 25, 2011 (Saros 123) |
 October 25, 2022 (Saros 124) |
 September 23, 2033 (Saros 125) |
 August 23, 2044 (Saros 126) |
 July 24, 2055 (Saros 127) |
 June 22, 2066 (Saros 128) |
 May 22, 2077 (Saros 129) |
 April 21, 2088 (Saros 130) |
 March 21, 2099 (Saros 131) |
 February 18, 2110 (Saros 132) |
 January 19, 2121 (Saros 133) |
 December 19, 2131 (Saros 134) |
 November 17, 2142 (Saros 135) |
 October 17, 2153 (Saros 136) |
 September 16, 2164 (Saros 137) |
 August 16, 2175 (Saros 138) |
 July 16, 2186 (Saros 139) |
 June 15, 2197 (Saros 140) | |
Inex series
editThis eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||
|---|---|---|
 October 31, 1826 (Saros 111) |
||
| August 31, 1913 (Saros 114) |
 August 12, 1942 (Saros 115) |
 July 22, 1971 (Saros 116) |
 July 1, 2000 (Saros 117) |
 June 12, 2029 (Saros 118) |
 May 22, 2058 (Saros 119) |
 May 2, 2087 (Saros 120) |
 April 13, 2116 (Saros 121) |
 March 23, 2145 (Saros 122) |
 March 3, 2174 (Saros 123) |
||
References
edit- ^ "August 31, 1913 Partial Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
- ^ "THREE ECLIPSES IN NEXT TWO MONTHS". The Roanoke Times. Roanoke, Virginia. 1913-08-13. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-11-04 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "The second solar eclipse of the year". Star Tribune. Minneapolis, Minnesota. 1913-08-31. p. 28. Retrieved 2023-11-04 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Partial Solar Eclipse of 1913 Aug 31". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
- ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
- ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 114". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
External links
edit- Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
