Sathyamangalam (also known as Sathy) is a town and municipality in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It lies on the banks of the Bhavani river, a tributary of the Cauvery in the foothills of the Western Ghats and is the headquarters of Sathyamangalam taluk. It is about 65 km from Erode, 58 km from Tiruppur and 65 km from Coimbatore. As of 2011, the town had a population of 37,816.[5][6]
Sathyamangalam
Sathy | |
|---|---|
Town | |
Venugopalaswami temple Sathyamangalam Forest | |
| Nickname(s): Sandal city Tiger city | |
  Sathyamangalam Location in Tamil Nadu, India | |
| Coordinates: 11°31′00″N 77°15′00″E / 11.5167°N 77.2500°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| Region | Kongu Nadu |
| District | Erode District |
| Government | |
| • Type | First Grade Municipality |
| • Body | Sathyamangalam Municipality |
| • Chairman | R. Janaki[1] |
| • Member of the Legislative Assembly | A. Bannari[2] |
| • Member of Parliament | A. Raja[3] |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Tamil |
| Time zone | UTC 5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 638401, 402 |
| Telephone code | 04295 |
| Vehicle registration | TN36 |
History
editThe region was ruled by the Cheras and Vijayanagara empire.[7] It was captured by Tipu Sultan and after Tipu's defeat, British annexed it to their territory.[8]
Geography
editSathyamangalam is situated on the southern side of the Western Ghats, which extend towards the east from the Nilgiri mountains. The general topography is not flat and covered by sloping lands. Bhavani river flows at the center of the town from west to east. Agricultural wet lands are predominant on both sides of the river and dry lands are predominant on the northern side of the town. The soil mainly consists of black loam, red loam and red sand.[9]
Flora and fauna
editA portion of the Sathyamangalam forests was declared as a wildlife sanctuary in 2008 and as a tiger reserve in 2013.[10][11] Sathyamangalam was declared as reserve forest under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. It is contiguous with the Biligirirangan Temple Wildlife Sanctuary to the north in neighboring Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka, and together forms a vital corridor for elephant movements. The 2009 wildlife survey enumerated 10 Bengal tigers, 866 Indian elephants, 672 gaurs, and 27 leopards. The survey party observed four additional species of horned antelope including 2,348 spotted deer, 1,068 blackbuck, 304 sambar deer, 77 barking deer and four-horned antelope, 843 wild boar, 43 sloth bear and 15 striped hyenas. Herds of the famous feral buffaloes can also be spotted in places near the Moyar river.[12]
Demographics
editAccording to 2011 census, Sathyamangalam had a population of 37,816 with a sex-ratio of 1,006 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[13] A total of 3,382 were under the age of six, constituting 1,737 males and 1,645 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 10.38% and 0.74% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 72.02%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[13] The town had a total of 11,148 households. There were a total of 17,451 workers, comprising 1,094 cultivators, 1,882 main agricultural labourers, 741 in house hold industries, 11,272 other workers, 2,462 marginal workers, 26 marginal cultivators, 430 marginal agricultural labourers, 136 marginal workers in household industries and 1,870 other marginal workers.[14] As per the religious census of 2011, Sathyamangalam had 86.3% Hindus, 10.2% Muslims, 3.4% Christians and 0.1% others.[15]
Administrationand politics
editSathyamangalam is the headquarters for Sathyamangalam taluka in Erode District. The town was upgraded to a third grade municipality from the status of town panchayat in 1970 and subsequently as a second grade Municipality in 1977. It was elevated to a first grade municipality in 1998.[4] Sathyamanagalam assembly constituency was merged with Bhavani Sagar as a part of delimitation by the Election Commission of India. It was a part of the Gobichettipalayam parliamentary constituency until 2010 before being merged with Nilgiris.[16]
Economy
editSathyamangalam is a town with an agricultural linter land on all sides. Sathyamangalam municipality's area in 29.24 km, comprising four revenue villages. Only 11.46% of the municipal area is developed as urban area and the remaining 89.54% remains undeveloped agricultural land.[17]
Transport
edit
The town is situated at a distance of 65 km from district headquarters Erode, connected through State Highway 15 via Gobichettipalayam. The Coimbatore-Bangalore National Highway (NH 948) passes through this town. It is well connected by buses from nearby towns and cities with frequent buses available to/from Coimbatore, Erode, Tiruppur, Gobichettipalayam and Mysore. The nearest railway station is at Tiruppur (57 km). A proposal to construct a railway line connecting Mysore with Erode via Sathyamangalam was mooted during the British rule in 1915. Four official surveys were made in 1922, 1936, 1942 and as recently as 2008, but the plan failed to take off due to the concerns of railway line passing through the Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary.[18][19] The nearest airport is Coimbatore International Airport, located 74 kilometres (46 mi) from the town. The airport has regular flights from/to major domestic destinations and international destinations like Sharjah, Colombo and Singapore.[20]
Places of interest
editSathyamangalam Tiger Reserve
editSathyamangalam Tiger Reserve is a protected area and tiger reserve located along the area straddling both the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats on the outskirts of the town.[21] The Sathyamangalam Forest Division is part of the Bramhagiri-Nilgiris-Eastern Ghats Elephant Reserve notified in 2003.[22] In 2008, part of the Sathyamangalam Forest Division was declared as a wildlife sanctuary and enlarged in 2011, it covers a forest area of 1,411.6 km2 (545.0 sq mi) and is the largest wildlife sanctuary in Tamil Nadu. In 2013, an area of 1,408.6 km2 (543.9 sq mi) of the erstwhile sanctuary was notified as a tiger reserve. It was the fourth tiger reserve established in Tamil Nadu as a part of Project Tiger and is the third largest in the state.
Bhavanisagar Dam
editBhavanisagar dam is located about 16 km (9.9 mi) west of Sathyamangalam.[23] The dam is constructed on the Bhavani river.[24] It is one of the world's largest earthen dams.[25]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "DMK bags Chairman post in four municipalities in Erode". The Hindu. 4 March 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ Detailed Result, Tamil Nadu Assembly Election 2021 (PDF) (Report). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ "General Election 2019 - Election Commission of India". results.eci.gov.in. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ a b "About Sathyamangalam". Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ India. Office of the Registrar General (1968). Census of India, 1961: Madras. Manager of Publications. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
- ^ Journal of Indian history. 1955. p. 6. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
- ^ Baliga, B. S. (1967). Madras District Gazetteers: Salem. by Ramaswami, A. Madras State, Printed by the Superintendent, Govt. Press. p. 64. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
- ^ Rana, Mahendra Singh (1 January 2006). Indian great votes: Local Sabha & Mane Sabha elections 2001-2005. Sarup & Sons. p. 399. ISBN 978-81-7625-647-6. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
- ^ Manickam, V (2001). Kongu Nadu, a History Up to A.D. 1400. University of Michigan. p. 40.
- ^ N. Sundaradevan, Principal Secretary to Government (3 December 2008), "Declaration of Sathyamangalam Forest Division as Wild Life Sanctuary under the Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972." (PDF), Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai: Forests Department, p. 390, retrieved 24 January 2011
- ^ "Sathyamangalam forests declared as sanctuary". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 24 December 2008. Archived from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2009.
- ^ PC Vinoj Kumar (28 June 2008), "Trouble in Jumbo Land", Tehelka Magazine, Vol 5, Issue 25, Anant Media Pvt. Ltd, retrieved 3 November 2011
- ^ a b "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ "Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Sathyamangalam". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ "Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
- ^ List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies (PDF) (Report). Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 October 2008. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
- ^ "General information". Sathyamangalam Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
- ^ "Sathyamangalam Chamrajnagar railway line only after clearance". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 10 March 2008. Archived from the original on 13 March 2008. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
- ^ "Locals protest rail line through forest, suggest alternative route". The Times of India. 28 February 2013. Archived from the original on 27 March 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
- ^ "Coimbatore Airport". airportsindia.org. Archived from the original on 4 August 2015. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
- ^ "Saving the tiger in Sathyamangalam". The Hindu. 5 February 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
- ^ "Tamil Nadu Forest Department Official Website". Govt of Tamil Nadu, Forests Department. Tamil Nadu Forest Department. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
- ^ "Tourist Information for Erode district". Government of Tamil Nadu. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
- ^ "Uniqueness of Bhavanisagar dam" (PDF). CSTI. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Bhavanisagar dam" (PDF). TNAU. Retrieved 1 February 2016.