Primolius is a genus of macaws comprising three species,[4] which are native to South America. They are mainly green parrots with complex colouring including blues, reds and yellows. They have long tails, a large curved beak, and bare facial skin typical of macaws in general. They are less than 50 cm long, much smaller than the macaws of the Ara genus. Macaws less than about 50 cm long, including the genus Primolius, are sometimes called "mini-macaws".
| Primolius | |
|---|---|
| |
| Blue-headed macaw, Primolius couloni | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Psittaciformes |
| Family: | Psittacidae |
| Tribe: | Arini |
| Genus: | Primolius Bonaparte, 1857 |
| Type species | |
| Ara auricollis[1] Cassin, 1853
| |
| Species | |
| |
| Synonyms[2] | |
Taxonomy
editThe genus has three monotypic species:[4]
Genus Primolius, Bonaparte 1857:
- Blue-headed macaw, Primolius couloni (Sclater PL, 1876)
- Blue-winged macaw or Illiger's macaw, Primolius maracana (Vieillot, 1816)
- Golden-collared macaw, Primolius auricollis (Cassin, 1853)
Species
edit| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blue-headed macaw or Coulon's macaw
|
Primolius couloni (P. L. Sclater, 1876) |
eastern Peru, northwestern Bolivia (Pando), and far western Brazil (Acre).
|
Size: 41 centimetres (16 in) long, mostly green with head, flight feathers and primary coverts blue. The uppertail has a maroon base, a narrow green center and a blue tip. The undertail and underwing are greenish-yellow/ The bill is pale greyish-horn with a black base. Unlike most other macaws, the facial skin and lores are dark greyish.[5] Habitat: Diet: |
VU
|
| Blue-winged macaw or Illiger's macaw
|
Primolius maracana (Vieillot, 1816) |
Brazil, Paraguay, north-eastern Argentina and east of Bolivia.
|
Size: 40 centimetres (16 in) long, mostly green, the upperside of some of the wing feathers are blue, and the underside of the wings are yellowish, the tail-tip, crown and cheeks are bluish, and the tail-base and a belly-patch are red. The iris is amber. The bare facial-skin is yellowish, which may be white in captivity, the beak is all black[6] Habitat: Diet: |
NT
|
| Golden-collared macaw or yellow-collared macaw
|
Primolius auricollis (Cassin, 1853) |
Brazil (south-western Mato Grosso, western Mato Grosso do Sul and southern Rondônia), northern Argentina (eastern Jujuy and northern Salta), far northern Paraguay (Alto Paraguay and Concepción) and most of northern and eastern Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz, Chuquisaca and Tarija)
|
Size: 38 centimetres (15 in) long, mostly green, yellow band on the back of the neck, tail feathers have are red at the base fading to greens and blues, dark brown or black forehead, pink legs, the beak is dark grey with a paler grey tip Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Salvadori, T. (1891). Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots, in the Collection of the British Museum. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Vol. 20. London: Taylor and Francis. p. 151.
- ^ Penhallurick, John (2001). "Primolius Bonaparte, 1857 has priority over Propyrrhura Ribeiro, 1920". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 121 (1): 38–39.
- ^ Ribeiro, Alipio de Miranda (1920). "Revisão dos Psittacideos brasileiros". Revista do Museu Paulista. 12 (2): 18–19.
- ^ a b "Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Psittaciformes (Version 9.004)". www.zoonomen.net. 2008-07-05.
- ^ "Species factsheet: Primolius couloni". BirdLife International (2008). Retrieved 24 July 2008.
- ^ "Species factsheet: Primolius maracana". BirdLife International (2008). Retrieved 24 July 2008.