A penumbral lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Thursday, October 30, 2031,[1] with an umbral magnitude of −0.3193. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. The Moon's apparent diameter will be near the average diameter because it will occur 7.6 days after perigee (on October 22, 2031, at 16:20 UTC) and 6.6 days before apogee (on November 5, 2031, at 21:45 UTC).[2]
| Penumbral eclipse | |||||||||
 The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left | |||||||||
| Date | October 30, 2031 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma | 1.1774 | ||||||||
| Magnitude | −0.3193 | ||||||||
| Saros cycle | 117 (53 of 72) | ||||||||
| Penumbral | 231 minutes, 45 seconds | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Visibility
editThe eclipse will be completely visible over North America, western South America, and the eastern Pacific Ocean, seen rising over eastern Australia and northeast Asia and setting over eastern South America, west Africa, and western Europe.[3]
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Eclipse details
editShown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Penumbral Magnitude | 0.71726 |
| Umbral Magnitude | −0.31925 |
| Gamma | 1.17738 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 14h17m25.0s |
| Sun Declination | -13°44'38.7" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 16'06.3" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.9" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 02h16m19.7s |
| Moon Declination | 14°49'53.3" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 15'32.2" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°57'01.3" |
| ΔT | 74.8 s |
Eclipse season
editThis eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| October 30 Descending node (full moon) |
November 14 Ascending node (new moon) |
|---|---|
| |
|
| Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 117 |
Hybrid solar eclipse Solar Saros 143 |
Related eclipses
editEclipses in 2031
edit- A penumbral lunar eclipse on May 7.
- An annular solar eclipse on May 21.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on June 5.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on October 30.
- A hybrid solar eclipse on November 14.
Metonic
edit- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of January 12, 2028
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of August 19, 2035
Tzolkinex
edit- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of September 18, 2024
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of December 11, 2038
Half-Saros
edit- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 25, 2022
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of November 4, 2040
Tritos
edit- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 30, 2020
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of September 29, 2042
Lunar Saros 117
edit- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of October 18, 2013
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 9, 2049
Inex
edit- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 20, 2002
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of October 9, 2060
Triad
edit- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of December 29, 1944
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of August 31, 2118
Lunar eclipses of 2031–2034
edit| Ascending node | Descending node | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saros | Date Viewing |
Type Chart |
Saros | Date Viewing |
Type Chart | |
| 112 | 2031 May 07
|
Penumbral
|
117 | 2031 Oct 30
|
Penumbral
| |
| 122 | 2032 Apr 25
|
Total
|
127 | 2032 Oct 18
|
Total
| |
| 132 | 2033 Apr 14
|
Total
|
137 | 2033 Oct 08
|
Total
| |
| 142 | 2034 Apr 03
|
Penumbral
|
147 | 2034 Sep 28
|
Partial
| |
| Last set | 2031 Jun 05 | Last set | 2030 Dec 09 | |||
| Next set | 2035 Feb 22 | Next set | 2035 Aug 19 | |||
Half-Saros cycle
editA lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[5] This lunar eclipse is related to two partial solar eclipses of Solar Saros 124.
| October 25, 2022 | November 4, 2040 |
|---|---|
|
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See also
editNotes
edit- ^ "October 29–30, 2031 Penumbral Lunar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
- ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
- ^ "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 2031 Oct 30" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
- ^ "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 2031 Oct 30". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
- ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
External links
edit- 2031 Oct 30 chart: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
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