Nandivarman II (718 CE – 796 CE) was a Pallava monarch who reigned in southern India. Sen states Nandivarman reigned from 731 CE to 796 CE and built the Vaikuntha-Perumal Temple.[1] He was born in the country of Champa (present-day Vietnam), in Simhapura into a local dynasty of Pallava origin and was elected as the Pallava monarch at the age of 13.[2]
| Nandivarman II | |
|---|---|
| Pallava Monarch | |
| Reign | c. 731 CE – c. 796 CE |
| Predecessor | Paramesvaravarman II |
| Successor | Dantivarman |
| Born | Simhapura, Champa (present-day Trà Kiệu, Quảng Nam province, Vietnam) |
| Died | 796 CE (aged 78) Kanchipuram, Pallava Kingdom (present-day Tamil Nadu, India) |
| Spouse | Reva |
| Issue | Dantivarman |
| Dynasty | Pallava |
| Father | Hiraynayavarman |
| Pallava Monarchs (200s–800s CE) | |
|---|---|
| Virakurcha | (??–??) |
| Vishnugopa I | (??–??) |
| Vishnugopa II | (??–??) |
| Simhavarman III | (??–??) |
| Simhavishnu | 575–600 |
| Mahendravarman I | 600–630 |
| Narasimhavarman I | 630–668 |
| Mahendravarman II | 668–670 |
| Paramesvaravarman I | 670–695 |
| Narasimhavarman II | 695–728 |
| Paramesvaravarman II | 728–731 |
| Nandivarman II | 731–795 |
| Dantivarman | 795–846 |
| Nandivarman III | 846–869 |
| Nrpatungavarman | 869–880 |
| Aparajitavarman | 880–897 |
Biography
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Paramesvaravarman II was succeeded by a 12-year old Nandivarman II Pallavamalla who belonged to a collateral line of Pallavas called the Kadavas. The latter were the descendants of Bhimavarman, the brother of Simhavishnu. According to epigraphical findings, Hiranyavarman, the father of Nandivarman Pallavamalla belonged to the Kadavakula.[3] Nandivarman II himself is described as "one who was born to raise the prestige of the Kadava family".[4] He has commissioned the Tiru Parameswara Vinnagaram.[5]
The term Kaduvetti in Tamil means destroyer or clearer of forests as the Pallavas like their ancestor Mukkanti Kaduvetti alias Trilochana Pallava were known to often clear forests and introduce civilization by settling communities.[6][7]
The previous monarch Paramesvaravarman II did not have an heir so the ministers, feudatories and advisors of the state took an expedition to neighboring states and distant lands to find a suitable prince of the original line. Upon reaching Kambujadesa, modern day Cambodia and southern Vietnam,[citation needed] they finally identified Nandivarman II as belonging to the original line and willing to ascend the throne. Accordingly, he was brought and then installed on the throne of the Pallava kingdom.[8][9]
He married Reva, the daughter of the Rashtrakuta emperor Dantidurga around 751 CE. Their son Dantivarman succeeded him after his death in 796.
References
edit- ^ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 41–42. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
- ^ Kanakalatha Mukund. The world of Tamil merchants. Penguin, 2015. p. 17.
- ^ V. Ramamurthy. History of Kongu, Volume 1. International Society for the Investigation of Ancient Civilization, 1986. p. 172.
- ^ Eugen Hultzsch. South Indian Inscriptions, Volume 12. Manager of Publications, 1986. p. viii.
- ^ C., Sivaramamurthi (2004). Mahabalipuram. New Delhi: The Archaeological Survey of India, Government of India. p. 6.
- ^ Bridget Allchin. Living Traditions: Studies in the Ethnoarchaeology of South Asia. Oxbow Books, 1994 - Archaeology - 391 pages. p. 212.
- ^ Cynthia Talbot, Assistant Professor of History and Asian Studies Cynthia Talbot. Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra. Oxford University Press, 2001 - History - 305 pages. p. 205.
- ^ India. Ministry of External Affairs. India Perspectives, Volume 9. Produced by PTI for the Ministry of External Affairs, 1996. p. 20.
- ^ Pradip Kumar Das. The Homecoming and Other Stories. Partridge Publishing, 23-Aug-2013 - Biography & Autobiography - 144 pages. p. 123.