Nakamura Utaemon VI (中村歌右衛門 (6代目), January 20, 1917 — March 31, 2001) was a Japanese kabuki performer and an artistic director of the Kabuki-za in Tokyo.[1] He was a prominent member of a family of kabuki actors from the Keihanshin region.[2]
Nakamura Utaemon VI | |
|---|---|
 Nakamura Utaemon in 1951 | |
| Born | Fujio Kawamura January 20, 1917 |
| Died | March 31, 2001 (aged 84) |
| Other names | Nakamura Kotaro III
Nakamura Fukusuke VI Nakamura Shikan VI |
| Years active | 1922-1996 |
| Known for | Onnagata-roles |
| Children | Nakamura Baigyoku IV (adopted son) Nakamura Kaishun II (adopted son) |
| Father | Nakamura Utaemon V |
| Relatives | Nakamura Fukusuke V (older brother) |
Nakamura Utaemon was a stage name with significant cultural and historical connotations.[3] The name Utaemon indicates personal status as an actor. Such a title can only be assumed after the death of a previous holder, under restrictive succession conventions.[4]
He was considered the greatest onnagata of the post-War period,[5] and was heralded as a "a divine messenger given to kabuki from heaven" during his naming ceremony.[6]
Life and career
editUtaemon VI was the son of Nakamura Utaemon V.[7] The actor's name was Fujio Kawamura when he was born in the sixth generation of a line of famous Kabuki actors.[1] In the conservative Kabuki world, stage names are passed from father to son in formal system which converts the kabuki stage name into a mark of accomplishment.[4] The name Utaemon VI was formally proclaimed in a 1951 ceremony at the Kabuki theater in Tokyo.[8]
- Lineage of Utaemon stage names
- Nakamura Utaemon I (1714–1791) [9]
- Nakamura Utaemon II (1752–1798) [10]
- Nakamura Utaemon III (1778–1838) [2]
- Nakamura Utaemon IV (1798–1852) [2]
- Nakamura Utaemon V (1865–1940) [11]
- Nakamura Utaemon VI (1917–2001)
In a long career, he acted in many kabuki plays; but he was best known for his oyama roles.[1]
His two adopted sons, Nakamura Baigyoku IV (四代目 中村梅玉)[a] and Nakamura Kaishun II (二代目 中村魁春)[b] are also Kabuki actors (just like his father, Utaemon VI's eldest son, Nakamura Baigyoku IV is currently a Living National Treasure[c]).[12]
Living National Treasure
editIn 1968, the government of Japan designated him a Living National Treasure, which was a title acknowledging him as a "bearer of important intangible cultural assets."[1] He was the youngest person in history to be recognised a such.[6]
Selected works
editIn a statistical overview derived from writings by and about Nakamura Utaemon VI, OCLC/WorldCat encompasses roughly 6 works in 6 publications in 2 languages and 9 library holdings[13]
- 2006 — - (伽羅先代萩: 三幕五場, Meiboku sendai hagi: sanmaku goba) ISBN 9784835615981; OCLC 70233503
- 1993 — - (鏡山旧錦絵: 通し狂言四幕六場, Kagamiyama kokyō no nishikie: tōshi kyōgen yonmaku rokuba) OCLC 054923943
- 1989 — - (番町皿屋敷: 一幕二場, Banchō sarayashiki: hitomaku niba) OCLC 029849646
- 1984 — - (大経師昔暦: おさん茂兵衛二幕三場, Daikyōji mukashigoyomi: osan mohee nimaku sanba) OCLC 054925804
Honors
edit- Japan Art Academy, 1963 [14]
- Order of Culture, 1979 [1]
- Praemium Imperiale, 1995 [15]
- Grand Cordon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 1996 [1]
Notes
edit- ^ Real Name: Toshiyuki Kawamura (Japanese: 河村順之, Hepburn: Kawamura Toshiyuki, b. 2 August 1946 in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan).
- ^ Real Name: Toyohide Hirano (Japanese: 平野豊栄, Hepburn: Hirano Toyohide, b. 1 January 1948 in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan).
- ^ Baigyoku IV was designated a Living National Treasure in 2022 and is currently one of six Kabuki actors who are Living National Treasures (the other five actors are: Bandō Tamasaburō V (which is also currently the only one of the six current Living National Treasures that is an onnagata), Kataoka Nizaemon XV, Nakamura Karoku V, Nakamura Tōzō VI and Onoe Kikugorō VII.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e f Strom, Stephanie. "Nakamura Utaemon VI, 84, International Star of Kabuki", New York Times. April 4, 2001. Also posted at The Dallas Morning News
- ^ a b c Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric et al. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia, p. 691., p. 691, at Google Books
- ^ Kurkup, James. "Nakamura Utaemon VI,"[dead link] The Independent (London). April 6, 2001.
- ^ a b Scott, Adolphe C. (1999). The Kabuki Theatre of Japan, p. 159., p. 159, at Google Books
- ^ "Obituary: Nakamura Utaemon VI". The Japan Times. April 1, 2001.
- ^ a b Kaneko, Takeshi. "A Man with the Brilliance of a Flower Nakamura Utaemon VI". Waseda Online. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
- ^ While the stage names of all kabuki actors have retained traditional order (Surname-Givenname) on Wikipedia, birth names of those born after the Meiji Restoration are in Western order (Givenname-Surname).
- ^ Trumbull, Robert. "Kabuki Theatre Elevates Actor In Traditional Japanese Rites," New York Times. April 12, 1960.
- ^ Leiter, Samuel L. (2006). Historical Dictionary of Japanese Traditional Theatre, pp. 263-264., p. 263, at Google Books
- ^ Leiter, Samuel L. (2002). A Kabuki Reader: History and Performance, p. 78, p. 78, at Google Books
- ^ "Utaemon Nakamura"[permanent dead link], New York Times. September 11, 1940.
- ^ "5 People Recommended as Living National Treasures in Japan". Jijitsūshin (English Version). 2022-07-22. Retrieved 2023-06-20.
- ^ WorldCat Identities: 中村歌右衛門 6世 1917-2001; 中村歌右衛門 1917- .
- ^ Leiter, p. 264., p. 264, at Google Books
- ^ "Lloyd Webber Wins Prize," New York Times. June 16, 1995.
Bibliography
edit- Brandon, James R. "Myth and Reality: A Story of Kabuki during American Censorship, 1945-1949," Asian Theatre Journal, Volume 23, Number 1, Spring 2006, pp. 1–110.
- Leiter, Samuel L. (2006). Historical Dictionary of Japanese Traditional Theatre. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5527-4; OCLC 238637010
- __________. ( 2002). A Kabuki Reader: History and Performance. ISBN 9780765607041; ISBN 9780765607058; OCLC 182632867
- Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 48943301
- Scott, Adolphe Clarence. (1955). The Kabuki Theatre of Japan. London: Allen & Unwin. OCLC 622644114
- Takeshi Kaneko. "A Man with the Brilliance of a Flower; Nakamura Utaemon VI," Yomiuri Shimbun. Spring 2009.
External links
edit- Waseda University, Tsubouchi Memorial Theatre Museum Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine; Permanent exhibit, Nakamura Utaemon VI Archived 2011-09-26 at the Wayback Machine
- Online digitized photograph: "Nakamura Utaemon VI meets Rin-Tin-Tin" — Los Angeles, California, July 2, 1960
- Online digitized photograph: Yukio Mishima with Nakamura Utaemon VI, 1954[permanent dead link]
- World Digital Library: Nakamura Utaemon no Katō Masakiyo, woodblock print c. 1818–1830
- Find-A-Grave: Utaemon Nakamura, Aoyama Cemetery, Tokyo
- Japan Art Academy