Wikipedia

MARCOS

(Redirected from Marine Commando Force)
This article is about the Indian Navy special forces. For other uses, see Marcos.
Not to be confused with MARSOC.

The Marine Commando Force (MCF), abbreviated to MARCOS, are the special forces of the Indian Navy.[7][1] The MARCOS were originally named Indian Marine Special Force, which was later changed to Marine Commando Force to impart "an element of individuality" to it, according to the Indian Navy. The abbreviation 'MARCOS' was coined afterwards.[8]

MARCOS
MARCOS Patch
ActiveFebruary 1987 – present
(37 years, 9 months)[1]
Country India
Branch Indian Navy
TypeSpecial Operations Forces
Size1,200-2,000 (est.) (Classified)[2][3]
HeadquartersINS Karna, Vishakapatnam, India
Nickname(s)Magarmach (The Crocodiles),[4]
Dadhiwala Fauj (The Bearded Army)[5][6]
Motto(s)"The Few, The Fearless"[7][5]
Anniversaries14 February
EngagementsOperation Cactus
Operation Leech
Operation Pawan
Kargil War
Operation Black Tornado
Operation Cyclone
Counter-insurgency operations in Kashmir
Insignia
MARCOS badge
Special Forces shoulder tab

The MARCOS were founded in February 1987. MARCOS are capable of operating in all types of environments; at sea, in air and on land.[1][9] The force has gradually acquired more experience and an international reputation for professionalism.[1][10] The MARCOS regularly undertake specialised maritime operations in Jammu and Kashmir through the Jhelum River and Wular Lake, a 65 square kilometres (16,000 acres) freshwater lake, and conduct counter-insurgency operations in the region.[11][9]

Some MARCOS units are a part of the tri-services Armed Forces Special Operations Division.[12]

History

edit
 
Statue of a Marine Commando on display at Visakha Museum

In 1955, the Indian military established a diving school at Cochin with the assistance of the British Special Boat Service and began teaching combat divers skills such as explosive disposal, clearance, and salvage diving. The combat divers failed to achieve their desired outcomes during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 as they were not adequately trained for sabotage missions.[13][14]

The combat divers had also taught basic underwater demolition training to insurgents from Bangladesh, who were then sent on missions during the war but did not cause any substantial damage to Pakistani military installations. The Indian Navy assisted the Indian Army in landing operations against the Pakistani military base in Cox's Bazar. After the war ended, army units were often drafted into amphibious exercises. In 1983, the Indian Army formation called 340th Army Independent Brigade was converted into an amphibious assault unit and a series of joint airborne-amphibious exercises were conducted in later years.[14]

In April 1986, the Indian Navy started planning for the creation of a special forces unit that would be capable of undertaking missions in a maritime environment, conducting raids and reconnaissance, and counter-terrorism operations. Three volunteer officers from the diving unit, which was created in 1955, were selected and underwent training courses with the United States Navy SEALs at Coronado. They later went on training exchanges with the Special Boat Service. In February 1987, the Indian Marine Special Force (IMSF) officially came into existence and the three officers were its first members.[14][13]

The IMSF was renamed as 'Marine Commando Force' in 1991.[15]

Known activities and operations

edit

The MARCOS are capable of undertaking operations in all types of terrain but are specialised in maritime operations. The force has undertaken numerous joint exercises with special forces from around the world. As of 2012, the MARCOS has about 2,000 personnel though the exact number remains classified. Operations undertaken by MARCOS usually remain classified; some of the known operations are:[3][16]

 
MARCOS performing a simulated Visit, board, search, and seizure (VBSS) exercise aboard MV Ocean Valor at RIMPAC 2022.
 
MARCOS boarding an Iranian flagged vessel FV Omari held captive by Somali pirates.
 
MARCOS rescued Bulgarian crew member from hijacked MV Ruen on 16 March 2024.
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
Name Date Notes
Operation Pawan 1987 The Indian Marine Special Force, as the MARCOS was then known, helped capture the harbours of Jaffna and Trincomalee, Sri Lanka, as part of the Indian Peace Keeping Force.[15][14][17] On 21 October, MARCOS conducted a successful amphibious raid against a Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) base at Guru Nagar.[18] MARCOS swam 12 km (7.5 miles) to their target with their combat load in a tow. They rigged the LTTE harbour with explosives without being detected. After they detonated the explosives and destroyed the harbour, LTTE militants started firing upon them. MARCOS fired back and swam to safety after the gunfight with no casualties.[16][5][19][6] A team of 18 MARCOS were involved in this operation. The team was led by Lt. Aravind Singh, an officer trained by the US Navy SEALs. He was awarded the Maha Vir Chakra for this mission.[10]
Operation Cactus 1988 The MARCOS, as part of the Indian Navy contingent, defended the democratic government of President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom of the Maldives from a coup. The force played a supporting role in India's successful military aid, helping foil the attempted coup by Sri Lankan militants from the PLOTE and ENDLF. A group of 47 mercenaries attempted to escape by sea with 23 hostages on a hijacked vessel, MV Progress Light. The MCF was pressed into service along with INS Godavari, a multi-role frigate carrying Seaking helicopters and Alize aircraft operating from the Navy's base at Kochi. Godavari trailed the hijacked vessel for two days, firing intermittently on the vessel's superstructure. An Alize anti-submarine aircraft dropped two depth charges near the vessel, causing the militants to appear on the upper decks and surrender. A contingent of MARCOS operating from Ratmalana Airfield on the outskirts of Colombo, with some help from the Sri Lankan Army, boarded the ship and accepted the surrender of the militants and took them into custody.[17]
Operation Tasha 1991 Operation Tasha, which was instituted after Operation Pawan wound up, was a coastal security operation on the Tamil Nadu coast to thwart operations of the LTTE there.[15][20]
Operation Zabardust 1992 MARCOS personnel intercepted an LTTE vessel smuggling arms and ammunition.[20]
UNOSOM II 1993 MARCOS were deployed off Mogadishu in support of the Indian contingent in Somalia. The team provided Maritime Special Operations support to the Naval Task Force.[3][20][21]
Operation Rakshak ongoing Counter-insurgency (COIN) operations in Jammu and Kashmir: In the Jhelum River and Wular Lake, two to four teams of MARCOS are deployed through the year at Wular Lake. Militants were using this 250 km2 (97 square miles) lake,[20] which is surrounded by mountains, to reach Srinagar, saving them from having to travel 100 km (62 miles) through the mountains. In 1995, a team of MARCOS was positioned at the lake and within weeks, militant activity on the lake ceased.[20] Some MARCOS personnel are also attached to the Army special forces units conducting counter-terrorism operations in the area.[17] MARCOS use tactics similar to those of Israeli undercover special warfare units Mista'arvim, wearing beards and the 'pheren' (Kashmiri suit), making them indistinguishable from the locals.[22]

During Operation Rakshak, MARCOS have undertaken missions in which they have engaged and killed heavily armed militants. These operations have included close-quarters combat and intense gunfights.[23]

As of 2017, a team of 30 MARCOS personnel was permanently deployed in Wular Lake. MARCOS has also helped the Indian Army to eliminate militants from islands in the Jhelum River, where militants use plantations as hiding spots.[24]

Kargil War 1999 MARCOS were involved alongside the Indian Army during the Kargil War.[16][20]
Operation Rahat in Yemen 2015 In March 2015, the Indian Navy undertook this operation to rescue thousands of civilians from war-torn Yemen. Amid intense fighting and airstrikes being conducted by a coalition led by Saudi Arabia, MARCOS was tasked with ensuring the safe passage of civilians. Both Indian and foreign nationals were rescued during the operation.[25]
Operation Black Tornado 2008 MARCOS stormed the Trident and Taj Hotels at Mumbai during the terrorist attacks on 26 November 2008 during the November 2008 Mumbai attacks.[26]
Anti-Piracy 2008 In its first-ever action in the Gulf of Aden, MARCOS thwarted an attempt by pirates to capture the Indian merchant vessel MV Jag Arnav on 11 November 2008.[27]
Exercise 'Balance Iroquois' 03-1/Vajra Prahar 2003 MARCOS participated in joint training exercises called Exercise 'Balance Iroquois' 03-1/Vajra Prahar with US Special Operations Forces in Mizoram.[28]
Anti-Piracy 2008 On 13 December 2008 MARCOS units operating from the Indian Naval warship INS Mysore (D60) foiled a pirate hijack attempt of Ethiopian vessel MV Gibe off the Somali coast. Twenty-three pirates were arrested.[29]
Anti-Piracy 2011 On 16 July 2011, INS Godavari and MARCOS foiled a piracy attempt on a Greek ship MV Elinakos in the Gulf of Aden.[30]
Anti-Piracy 2013 On 12 August 2013, the Indian Navy spotted an Iranian cargo ship Nafis-1 that was off-course in the Arabian Sea. Surveillance of the ship continued until 14 August, when a nine-strong MARCOS unit was deployed to intercept the ship via helicopter and support from the INS Mysore. The commandos detained the hijackers. The Iranian ship had reportedly sailed from Chah Bahar in Iran. Navy Intelligence reports said the ship was being used to smuggle weapons and contraband. A store of automatic assault weapons found on board was confiscated.[31]
Anti-Piracy 2017 On 16 May, MARCOS responded to a distress call from a Liberian ship near the Gulf of Aden and thwarted a piracy attempt.[32]
On 6 October, MARCOS rescued an Indian bulk carrier that had been overtaken by pirates in the Gulf of Aden.[33]
Rescue of Dubai princess Sheikha Latifa 2018 On 4 March 2018, Indian special forces—suspected to be MARCOS—captured Dubai princess Sheikha Latifa off the coast of India and handed her over to authorities from the United Arab Emirates.[34][35]
China-India skirmishes 2020 In October 2020, Hindustan Times reported that MARCOS are being deployed in the Eastern Ladakh alongside the Indian Army against the Chinese military.[36] According to subsequent reports, MARCOS are present in the vicinity of the Pangong Tso lake where they will soon be conducting missions using boats.[37]
Anti-Piracy and Red Sea crisis 2024 On 5 January 2024, MARCOS based on the INS Chennai in the Arabian Sea boarded and rescued 21 crew members from the hijacked vessel MV Lila Norfolk.[38]
On 18 January 2024, MARCOS and Naval Explosive Ordnance Disposal Team secured MV Genco Picardy following the drone attack by Houthi militia.[39][40]
During Marlin Luanda missile strike, MARCOS led Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Defence (NBCD) and firefighting team of 10 personnel battled for six hours to extinguish the fire.[41][40]
On January 24, 2024, MARCOS aboard INS Sumitra freed 17 Iranian hostages from Somalian pirates aboard the captured fishing vessel FV Iman.[42][43]
The fishing boat Al Naeemi, flying the Iranian flag, was found and intercepted on 29 January 2024, by MARCOS. 19 Pakistani crew members and the ship were safely freed from Somali pirate control.[44][43]
On January 29, 2024, MARCOS from INS Sharda, along with Seychelles People's Defence Force and Sri Lanka Navy, successfully rescued LORENZO PUTHA 04 from Somalian pirates.[45][40]
On 17 March 2024, INS Kolkata and a MARCOS PRAHARs (squad of 8 commandos) jointly operated to rescue 17 crew members and captured 35 pirates from MV Ruen, which was hijacked after a 40-hour long operation under Operation Sankalp. The entire action was supported by INS Subhadra, UAVs and P-8I aircraft. The hijacked ship was acting like a mothership for the pirates. The operation, under the larger Operation Sankalp, was successful.[46][47][48]

Organization

edit

Operational responsibilities

edit
 
HAL Dhruv MKIII and Commandos doing Heliborne operations
 
 
Indian Navy MARCOS during urban combat training at RIMPAC 2022
 
Indian Marine Commandos conduct live-fire lateral drills during Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) 2022
 
MARCOS at Defence Expo 2020.

As a specialised force, the MARCOS is responsible for conducting operations at the strategic and the tactical level.[1] MARCO operations are usually conducted in support of naval forces, although MARCOS are also deployed in other domains.[9][8] The responsibilities of MARCOS has evolved with time.[5] Some of the duties of MARCOS include:-[8][49][19][5][1]

  • Providing support to amphibious operations.
  • Special surveillance and amphibious reconnaissance operations.
  • Clandestine operations inside hostile territory, including diving operations and special raids.
  • Direct action
  • Hostage rescue operations.
  • Counter-terrorism operations.
  • Asymmetric warfare.
  • Foreign internal defence.

Additionally, MARCOS can also assist the Indian Air Force in Suppression of Enemy Air Defences (SEAD) missions.[50]

Bases

edit
 
Commissioning of INS Karna, a dedicated base for MARCOS

The MCF currently operates out of the naval bases at Mumbai, Visakhapatnam, Goa, Kochi and Port Blair.[22] There are plans to shift the current training facility at the Naval Special Warfare Training and Tactical Centre to a new facility to be set up at the erstwhile Naval Academy in Goa.[51]

INS Abhimanyu, located in Mumbai, was the base where MARCOS was formed. It is named after Abhimanyu, a character from the epic Mahābhārata. The base is a part of the Western Naval Command. It was originally created in 1974 and was commissioned on 1 May 1980. The Indian Marine Special Force (IMSF) was located there in 1987.[5][8] On 12 July 2016, the naval base INS Karna was commissioned near Visakhapatnam as the garrison & permanent base for the unit.[52] The smallest unit of MARCOS is known as Prahar and consists of 8 commandoes.[47]

Selection and training

edit
 
Diving training of MARCOS off the coast of Kochi

All MARCOS personnel are selected from the Indian Navy when they are in their early 20s and have to go through a stringent selection process and training. The selection standards are extremely high. Training is a continuous process. American and British special forces assisted in setting up the initial training program, which now consists of a seven and a half to eight months course for new recruits. The training regimen includes airborne operations, combat diving courses, counter-terrorism, anti-hijacking, anti-piracy operations, direct action, infiltration and exfiltration tactics, special reconnaissance and unconventional warfare. Most of the training is conducted at INS Abhimanyu, which is also the home base of MARCOS.

All MARCOS personnel are freefall qualified (HALO/HAHO). A few also qualify to operate the Cosmos CE-2F/X100 two-man submarines.[15] MARCOS train with the Special Forces officers of the Indian Army the Para SF at the Indian Special Forces Training School, Nahan and Army's other schools for unconventional warfare. These include the Junior Leaders' Commando Training Camp in Belgaum, Karnataka, the Parvat Ghatak School for high altitude mountain warfare in Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh, desert warfare school in Rajasthan, the High Altitude Warfare School (HAWS) in Sonamarg, Kashmir, and the Counter-insurgency and Jungle Warfare School (CIJWS) in Vairengte, Mizoram.[7] These schools routinely host students from other countries. MARCOS are then trained at agencies within the navy.

The pre-training selection process is made up of two parts. Indian Navy personnel who want to join MARCOS must undergo a three-day physical fitness and aptitude test. Within this process, 80% of the applicants are screened out. A further screening process known as 'hell's week' is similar to the United States Navy SEALs' "Hell Week".[53] This involves a high degree of physical exercise and sleep deprivation. After this process, actual training begins.[54][55] [56] Around 80-85% of the volunteers who enroll fail to fully qualify as MARCOS.[5]

The total duration of training of MARCOS is between seven and eight months.[57] Recruits receive warfare training through field operations in counter-insurgency and anti-terrorist operations, and are trained to operate in any kind of environment and in situations like hostage rescue, urban combat and piracy.[15] A notably rigorous training program is the "death crawl"—an 800-metre (2,600 ft) struggle through thigh-high mud while loaded with 25 kg (55 lb) of gear and after a 2.5-kilometre (1.6-mile) obstacle course that most soldiers would fail.[5] After that, when the trainee is exhausted and sleep-deprived, he must shoot a target 25 metres (82 ft)away, with a partner standing next to it.[5]

The MARCOS are trained in every kind of weapon and instruments, including knives, crossbows, sniper rifles, handguns, assault rifles, submachine guns and bare hands. Being divers, they can reach hostile shores swimming underwater.

The further training includes:[5]

  • Open and closed circuit diving
  • Basic commando skills including advanced weapon skills, demolitions, endurance training and martial arts
  • Airborne training
  • Intelligence training
  • Operation of submersible craft
  • Offshore operations
  • Counter-terrorism operations
  • Operations from submarines
  • Skydiving
  • Various special skills such as language training, insertion methods, etc.
  • Explosive ordnance disposal techniques
 
MARCOS are capable of para-dropping into sea with full combat load

They are also trained to parachute into open water with full combat load.[22] In 2013, the MARCOS introduced a larger duck-drop system that will be fitted on Ilyushin Il-76 aircraft. Each system of two boats can accommodate 32 commandos, their weapons and fuel for the boats.[58] Once para-dropped from the aircraft, it allows for the commandos to assemble inflatable motorised boats within ten minutes and quickly reach ships in distress. Such rescue missions can be mounted by the commandos deployed within an hour.[59]

The MARCOS are also preparing for urban warfare and have begun practicing on 3D virtual models of offshore installations to ensure a swift response during a terrorist attack. The marine commandos undergo regular training sessions in this computer-generated programme to be well-prepared for a strike similar to the 26/11 attack.[60]

The average MARCOS training drop-out rate is more than 80%. The force has its own training facility as an adjunct to the operational company at INS Abhimanyu, Mumbai,[15] later as the Naval Special Warfare Tactical Training Centre. For combat diving training, the commandos are sent to the Naval Diving School in Kochi. There are plans to move the Naval Special Warfare Tactical Training Centre to the erstwhile Naval Academy facility in Kerala, where it will focus on jungle warfare and counter-insurgency operations. The new facility will be modelled on the lines of CIJWS of the Indian Army in Mizoram.[54][55]

Future plans

edit

Integrated Combat System

edit

To strengthen the capabilities of MARCOS to carry out special operations, the Indian Navy will procure an advanced Integrated Combat System (ICS) that will ensure an effective command, control and information-sharing structure to enhance the MARCOS' capabilities while engaging targets.[61]

The ICS will provide enhanced capabilities such as tactical awareness and the ability to fight in hostile environments, and can enable Group Commanders to remotely monitor and control operations. It will help integrate an individual sailor's capability of surveillance, ballistic protection, communication and firepower through an integrated network at individual and group level. Initiating the procurement process through a Request for Information (RFI), Navy's Directorate of Special Operations and Diving has sought details from global vendors about the ICS.[61]

The individual ICS equipment required by the Navy includes lightweight helmets, head-mounted displays, tactical and soft ballistic vests along with communication equipment. The group-level gear requirements include command and control and surveillance systems, and high-speed communication equipment. The devices would have a sight for the sniper, a laser rangefinder and a long-range thermal imager and near-IR laser pointer for a combat group to undertake surveillance, reconnaissance and targeting. The ICS would be compatible with assault rifles and close-quarter combat weapons.[61] The Navy has recently started acquiring the Israeli IMI Tavor TAR-21 for the MARCOS.[61]

Midget submarines

edit
See also: Indian Navy Swimmer Delivery Vehicle

In 2013, Visakhapatnam-based Hindustan Shipyard won the contract for building four 500-tonne mini-submarines, which were designed by Larsen & Toubro. The mini-submarines, to be delivered in the latter half of the 2010s, will be used exclusively by the Indian Navy's MARCOS.[62][63][64] As of 2023, the procurement of the midget submarines is still being planned by the Indian Navy.[65]

Equipment

edit

Firearms

edit

Pistol

Sub-machine Gun

Assault Rifle

Sniper Rifle

Light Machine Gun

Support weapons

edit

Transport

edit

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ a b c d e f "Chief of the Naval Staff commissions INS karna – Marine Commandos get a new Base at Visakhapatnam". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. 12 July 2016. Archived from the original on 20 January 2020. Retrieved 8 September 2019.
  2. ^ "Agencies take shape for special operations, space, cyber war". The Times of India. 16 May 2019. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  3. ^ a b c "Indian Marine Commandos MARCOS celebrate 25 glorious years". Frontier India. 31 May 2012. Archived from the original on 2 June 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
  4. ^ "Marine Commandos, kings of all special forces". in.com. 28 November 2008. Archived from the original on 1 December 2008. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Indian Navy Marine Commandos (MARCOS)". Boot Camp & Military Fitness Institute. 10 February 2017. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
  6. ^ a b "15 Reasons The Indian Navy MARCOS Are The Best in the World". India Times. 2 May 2015. Retrieved 8 September 2019.
  7. ^ a b c Bhattacharjee, Sumit (2 February 2016). "IFR: MARCOS to showcase their might". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
  8. ^ a b c d "INS Abhimanyu | Indian Navy". www.indiannavy.nic.in. Retrieved 8 September 2019.
  9. ^ a b c "INS Abhimanyu". Indian Navy. Archived from the original on 24 October 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
  10. ^ a b Admiral Ravindra Wijegunaratne (11 December 2020). "Combat experience with Indian Navy Marine Commandos". The Island. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
  11. ^ "With added emphasis on Special Forces, the army is set to change the face of war". Force. 18 March 2019. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  12. ^ "Major General A K Dhingra appointed as the first Special Operations Division Commander". The Economic Times. 15 May 2019. Retrieved 8 September 2019.
  13. ^ a b Ryan, Mike; Mann, Chris; Stilwell, Alexander (2003). The Encyclopedia of the World's Special Forces: Tactics, History, Strategy, Weapons. Spellmount. ISBN 9781862272316. Indian combat diving began in 1955, when a diving school, under British SBS instruction, was established at Cochin. However, the divers produced were in effect salvage and clearance specialists, and, when used for sabotage operations in the 1971 Indo-Pakistan War, they were largely unsuccessful. It was not until 1986 that steps were taken to form a proper naval commando element capable of undertaking a range of missions, from beach reconnaissance to maritime counter-terrorism. Volunteers from the diving unit were sent to train with the US Navy SEALs at Coronado, and a series of exchanges followed with the SBS. The result of this training in maritime special forces practice led to the formation of the Indian Marine Special Forces in February 1987.
  14. ^ a b c d "Marine Commandos: India's Flexible Elite, Archived". Jane's Intelligence Review. 1 May 1996. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g "Marine Commando Force". Specialoperations.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
  16. ^ a b c Hiranandani, G.M. (2009). Transition to Eminence: The Indian Navy 1976–1990 (PDF). Delhi: Lancer. ISBN 978-8170622666.
  17. ^ a b c "Crocodiles of Wullar". Bharat Rakshak. Archived from the original on 8 October 2013. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
  18. ^ India. Marine Commando Force Archived 5 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine Special Operations.Com
  19. ^ a b "Major Lessons from Operation Pawan for Future Regional Stability Operations". Journal of Defence Studies, Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. 6: 29–52. 3 July 2012.
  20. ^ a b c d e f Hiranandani, Vice Adm (Retd) GM (24 March 2014). "Navy's Marine Commandos". Indian Defence Review (Book Excerpt: Transition to Guardianship: The Indian Navy 1991–2000). Retrieved 15 September 2014.
  21. ^ "Marine commandos celebrate silver jubilee". First Post. 31 May 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
  22. ^ a b c "MARCOS – Pride of India". funonthenet.com. Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
  23. ^ "Gallantry medals to naval personnel on Independence day 2019". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  24. ^ "Now, MARCOS helping Army flush out terrorists in Kashmir". India Today. 18 July 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
  25. ^ "Gallantry Awards (Navy)". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Ministry of Defence. 14 August 2015. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  26. ^ "MARCOS – Bravehearts who rescued Mumbai's hostages". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 28 November 2008. Retrieved 28 November 2008.
  27. ^ Pandit, Rajat (11 November 2008). "Navy foils Indian ship's hijack attempt off Aden". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 22 October 2012. Retrieved 11 November 2008.
  28. ^ MARCOS joint exercises "Vajra Prahar" Archived 19 April 2006 at the Wayback Machine Hindu Vivek Kendra news article
  29. ^ "India plays globo cop off Somali coast as Western navies play safe". Bharat Rakshak. Archived from the original on 23 December 2008. Retrieved 24 December 2008.
  30. ^ "INS Godavari Foils Piracy Attempt" (PDF) (Press release). Indian Navy. 19 July 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 October 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
  31. ^ "Indian Marine commandos apprehend hijacked vessel MV Nafis-1 290 nm off Mumbai". Frontier India. 15 August 2011. Archived from the original on 1 April 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
  32. ^ "How Indian Navy foiled piracy attempt in Gulf of Aden – Job well done". The Economic Times. 18 May 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
  33. ^ "Indian Navy's Special Commandos Save Ship From Pirates in Gulf of Aden". NDTV. 6 October 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
  34. ^ "The failed escape: Sheikha Latifa's doomed flight from Dubai". Reuters. 6 March 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.
  35. ^ "Govt keeps mum after UK judge talks of 'capture' of Dubai princess by Indian commandos". ThePrint. 7 March 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.
  36. ^ "Gen Rawat asks tri-services to curb peace-time activities in deference to deployed troops in Ladakh". Hindustan Times. 26 October 2020. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
  37. ^ "India-China faceoff: Indian Navy's MARCOS deployed near Ladakh's Pangong lake". Hindustan Times. 28 November 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
  38. ^ "Indian navy commandos board hijacked ship clear it of hijackers". Retrieved 7 January 2024.
  39. ^ Singh, Rahul (18 January 2024). "Indian warship responds to drone attack on merchant vessel in Gulf of Aden". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
  40. ^ a b c d Linganna, Girish (4 September 2024). "Where Is The Anti-Piracy Escort Force?: The Crisis In The Red Sea Exposes Chinese Inaction – Analysis". Eurasia Review. Retrieved 8 September 2024. Cite error: The named reference ":0" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  41. ^ Deshpande, Smruti (27 January 2024). "Yet another Houthi missile strike on merchant vessel with Indian crew, Navy responds to SOS call". ThePrint. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
  42. ^ Pubby, Manu (30 January 2024). "Indian Navy rescues hijacked Iranian ship FV Iman from Somali pirates in Arabian Sea". The Economic Times. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
  43. ^ a b "INS Sumitra Carries out 2nd Successful Anti Piracy Ops – Rescuing 19 Crew members and Vessel from Somali Pirates". Press Information Bureau. Ministry of Defence. 30 January 2024. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
  44. ^ Singh, Rahul (30 January 2024). "Indian Navy foils second hijacking bid in Arabian Sea in 24 hours". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
  45. ^ "INDIAN NAVY RESPONDS TO THE HIJACKING OF SRI LANKAN FISHING VESSEL IN COLLABORATION WITH SEYCHELLES DEFENCE FORCES AND SRI LANKA NAVY". Press Information Bureau. Ministry of Defence. 30 January 2024. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
  46. ^ "Ships, Drones, Commandos: How Indian Navy Rescued Hijacked Vessel". NDTV.com. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
  47. ^ a b c d "Indian navy rescues hijacked vessel MV Ruen from 35 pirates; all crew-members safe". The Times of India. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 17 March 2024. Cite error: The named reference ":8" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  48. ^ "Indian navy captures ship from Somali pirates, rescuing 17 crew members". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
  49. ^ "Meet the 7 mighty commando forces of India". The Economic Times. 10 June 2015. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
  50. ^ Menon, Murli (24 July 2020). "Augmenting air defence in Ladakh with Navy". The Tribune. Retrieved 7 August 2020. Naval maritime commandos (MARCOS) or the Army special forces could thus find employability within the IAF's counter-air, counter-terror or suppression of enemy air defence (SEAD) campaigns.
  51. ^ "Special Elite Forces Of Indian Defence Forces: Indian Army, Indian Navy And Indian Airforce. That Will Make You Proud". Retrieved 7 January 2024.
  52. ^ Subrahmanyam, G. S. (12 July 2016). "Admiral Lanba commissions Marine Commandos unit 'INS Karna'". The Hindu. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  53. ^ "16 Impressive Things Indian Navy Marine Commandos Do in Training That Deserve Our Respect". Storypick. 7 April 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  54. ^ a b "MARCOS – The uber elite forces of the Indian Navy". navioline.com. Archived from the original on 27 April 2012. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  55. ^ a b "India's best commandos fight terrorists". Rediff.com. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
  56. ^ "15 Reasons The Indian Navy MARCOS Are The Best in the World". India times. 2 May 2015.
  57. ^ "नेवी के जांबाज़ मार्कोस". ndtv.com. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  58. ^ "Navy's Marcos get 'duck drops'". asianage.com. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  59. ^ "Indian marine commandos need 60 minutes to target". Deccan Chronicle. 6 February 2013. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  60. ^ "Marcos begin counter-terror training on east coast". 7 January 2011. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  61. ^ a b c d "Navy to procure integrated combat system for Marine Commandos". Jagran Post. 9 November 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
  62. ^ "domain-b.com : Indian Navy to procure five midget submarines". domain-b.com. 2 November 2009. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  63. ^ "Account Suspended". proud2bindian.in. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
  64. ^ "Indian Navy to procure five midget submarines – Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". dnaindia.com. 1 November 2009. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  65. ^ Dutta, Amrita Nayak (10 December 2023). "Navy plans to get undersea chariots, made in India, for special operations". The Indian Express. Retrieved 12 September 2024.
  66. ^ "Mizoram Police to Get Latest Weapons". Sinlung. 14 September 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  67. ^ "How AK-203, superior to INSAS, will end forces' hunt for a reliable rifle". The Times of India. 4 March 2019. Retrieved 21 April 2020. Special forces like Para commandos, Marine Commandos (popularly known as Marcos), Garud Commando Force (IAF special force) and even National Security Guard (anti-terror force) also rely on German or Israel automatic rifles like Heckler and Koch MP5 sub-machine guns
  68. ^ "Indian Air Force to replace INSAS rifles with new AK-103 weapons, details here". Hindustan Times. 29 August 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
  69. ^ Bedi, Rahul. "Snipers Only Shoot to Kill". The Wire. Retrieved 14 October 2020.
  70. ^ Rahul Bedi (29 July 2016). "Indian Navy special forces to get 177 sniper rifles". janes.com. IHS Markit. Archived from the original on 18 May 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
  71. ^ "India turns to Russia for small weapons". The New Indian Express. 16 February 2010. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
  72. ^ Gurung, Shaurya Karanbir (14 July 2018). "India opens small arms manufacturing unit in MP in a joint venture with Israel". The Economic Times. Retrieved 14 April 2020. All the guns to be produced in the factory are already in service with the army's Special Forces, Navy's MARCOS and IAF's Garud Commandos
  73. ^ Bedi, Rahul (22 March 2020). "India signs USD117.8 million deal with IWI for LMGs | Jane's 360". Jane's Defence Weekly. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  74. ^ "India Navy to display assault, search and rescue demonstration during DefExpo2020". The Economic Times. 5 February 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2020.
edit
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to MARCOS.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MARCOS&oldid=1253098332"