Leon Henderson (May 26, 1895 – October 19, 1986[1]) was the administrator of the Office of Price Administration from 1941 to 1942. He also served as a member of several United States federal government agencies during World War II.
Leon Henderson | |
|---|---|
 Henderson in 1940 | |
| Member of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission | |
| In office May 18, 1939 – July 8, 1941 | |
| President | Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| Administrator of the Office of Price Administration | |
| In office 1941–1944 | |
| President | Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| Personal details | |
| Born | May 26, 1895 Millville, New Jersey |
| Died | October 19, 1986 (aged 91) |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Education | Swarthmore College |
Life and career
editHenderson was born in Millville, New Jersey, where he attended Millville High School, and later Swarthmore College.[2][3]
Hired by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to serve during the first term of Governor Gifford Pinchot, Henderson assisted Pinchot in creating the Pennsylvania State Employees’ Retirement System in 1923 and served as deputy secretary of state. He also taught at Carnegie Tech (now Carnegie Mellon University) and the University of Pennsylvania.[4]
From 1925 to 1934, Henderson was the director of remedial loans at the Russell Sage Foundation.[5]
Henderson worked as an economic adviser in President Franklin Roosevelt's administration before he was appointed to the Securities and Exchange Commission in 1939.[6] In 1941 he became head of the Office of Price Administration. His tenure there was controversial and he was deeply unpopular, especially with farmers.[7] Edwin W. Pauley, secretary of the Democratic National Committee in 1942, listed five factors for Democratic losses in the 1942 election, and resentment of Leon Henderson was listed as one of the top five reasons for that defeat. As he wrote, "This was the most universal and serious complaint of all ... It appears from the letters that the complaint is directed rather at Mr. Henderson and his attitude and methods than at the abstract question of ... rationing and price control."[8] Those losses ensured that no more New Deal social measures would be passed by the US during World War II, and that many of them would be repealed.
Henderson was replaced after the 1942 election and went into a career in business.
He died in 1986. Before his death, he personally donated many of his papers to the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library.
References
edit- ^ "Encyclopedia".
- ^ "Up Again Henderson", Time (magazine), May 1, 1939. Accessed October 1, 2007. "As a boy out of Millville, N. J., he worked his way through Swarthmore College, played basketball and football there."
- ^ Our People of the Century - Millville's Class of 1913: Fame, Power, Influence Await Three High School Graduates" Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed December 6, 2007. "The legendary Millville High School Class of 1913 turned out a business leader, a political leader, and a religious leader. Collectively known as the "Big Three," William M. Dougherty, Leon Henderson, and Bishop Fred Pierce Corson, all schoolboy chums, went on to shape a good chunk of 20th century America."
- ^ "The New Deal's Fact-Finder Who Watches Prices for the Consumer." Kansas City, Missouri: The Kansas City Star, July 22, 1941, p. 16 (subscription required).
- ^ "The New Deal's Fact-Finder Who Watches Prices for the Consumer," The Kansas City Star, July 22, 1941.
- ^ Herman, Arthur. Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II, p. 70, Random House, New York, NY. ISBN 978-1-4000-6964-4.
- ^ Herman, Arthur. Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II, pp. 153, 162, 198, Random House, New York, NY. ISBN 978-1-4000-6964-4.
- ^ Blum, John Morton. V Was For Victory. New York, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1976. Pg 233.
External links
edit- Leon Henderson
- United Nations: Leon Henderson 1945.04.25
- Newspaper clippings about Leon Henderson in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW