Hashmonaim (Hebrew: חַשְׁמוֹנָאִים, lit. Hasmoneans) is an Israeli settlement located in the western section of the West Bank, off Route 443. Hashmonaim is located two kilometers east of Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut, midway between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv and is part of the Mateh Binyamin Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 2,589.
Hashmonaim
חַשְׁמוֹנָאִים | |
|---|---|
| Hebrew transcription(s) | |
| • unofficial | Ramat Modi'in |
 | |
  Hashmonaim | |
| Coordinates: 31°55′51.65″N 35°1′17.66″E / 31.9310139°N 35.0215722°E | |
| District | Judea and Samaria Area |
| Council | Mateh Binyamin |
| Region | West Bank |
| Founded | July 7, 1988 |
| Population (2022)[1] | 2,589 |
The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.[2]
History
According to ARIJ, Israel confiscated land from several Palestinian villages/towns nearby in order to construct Hashmonaim:
Under Israeli legal rulings, this territory was claimed as unoccupied state land by the prior sovereign entity, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and thus passed to the subsequent sovereign entity in occupation, the state of Israel.[6][7]
Construction of the first homes began in December 1983. A dedication ceremony on June 12, 1984, was attended by Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir and the Sephardi chief rabbi Mordechai Eliyahu. The first families moved in in August 1987. The name derives from the location of Hashmonaim in a region where the Hasmoneans lived in antiquity.[8]
Hashmonaim originally consisted of two neighborhoods: Ramat Modi'in was established in 1983 and Ganei Modi'in in 1985. In 1996, Ganei Modi'in became part of Modi'in Illit.[9]
In May 2010, three homes in Hashmonaim were demolished by Israeli security forces. The buildings were deemed to be violating a 10-month construction freeze in the West Bank.[10]
Demographics
In 2010, there were 545 families living in Hashmonaim. Around 50% of the residents are native English speakers.[11] Most are members of the religious Zionist community. Many residents commute to jobs in the United States or work for American companies.[12]
Status under international law
Like all Israeli settlements in the Israeli-occupied territories, the international community considers Hashmonaim to violate the Fourth Geneva Convention's prohibition on the transfer of an occupying power's civilian population into occupied territory and are as such illegal under customary international law.[13] Israel disputes that the Fourth Geneva Convention applies to the Palestinian territories. This view has been rejected by the International Court of Justice and the International Committee of the Red Cross.[14][15]
Communal services
There are ten synagogues in Hashmonaim: four Ashkenazi, three Sephardi, two Yemenite and one Chabad.[11] Hashmonaim has five kindergartens, a religious elementary school, and a high-school yeshiva, which attracts boys from all over the Binyamin Region. The community also has a clubhouse for young people, a separate Bnei Akiva branch, two basketball courts, a baseball field, playgrounds, a library and a fitness center.[12]
Transportation
The drive from Hashmoniam to Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Petah Tikva and Ariel, is approximately thirty minutes by car. Bus connection is also available.
Sports
The Hashmonaim Titans are a local baseball team, part of the annual league run by the Israel Association of Baseball.[16]
References
- ^ "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ "The Geneva Convention". BBC News. 10 December 2009. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
- ^ Ni’lin Town Profile, ARIJ, p. 17
- ^ Al Midya Village Profile, ARIJ, p. 15
- ^ Saffa village profile, ARIJ, p. 17
- ^ "Plia Albeck, Who Paved Legal Way for 100 Settlements, Dies". Haaretz. 2005-09-27. Retrieved 2018-08-03.
- ^ "Frontline: Journey to the Occupied Lands - Interview with Plia Albeck, Israeli Deputy Minister of Justice on the legal status of settlements begin at 19:25". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21.
- ^ Ayalon Valley - On the Maccabee trail Archived 2012-04-25 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Case study: The Modi'in Illit Bloc". B'Tselem. December 2005. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
- ^ "Israeli Forces Demolish Settlement Homes". May 9, 2010. Archived from the original on September 5, 2012. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
- ^ a b Morad, Tamar (Nov 26, 2010). "Little America, just over the Green Line". Haaretz. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
- ^ a b Berman, Daphna (November 16, 2007). "'The best place to raise your kids'". Haaretz. Retrieved August 12, 2008.
- ^ Westcott, Kathryn (December 19, 2003). "The settlers' struggle". BBC News. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
- ^ Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory Archived 2010-07-06 at the Wayback Machine International Court of Justice, 9 July 2004. pp. 44-45
- ^ Opinion of the International Court of Justice B'Tselem
- ^ Freund, Michael (May 24, 2010). "Time for Israel to Take Up Baseball". RealClearWorld. Retrieved August 24, 2012.