A guz (also spelled gaz, from Hindustani गज़/گز and Persian گز, or gudge, from Hindi गज (gaj)), or Mughal yard, is a unit of length used in parts of Asia. Historically, it was a regionally variable measurement similar to the English yard both in size and in that it was often used for measuring textiles. Values of the guz ranged from 24 to 41 inches (610 to 1,040 mm) over time. Today, it is generally used in the Indian subcontinent as the word for a yard. A present day sari is still measured as 7 guz while a traditional one can be as long as 9 guz.[citation needed]
| Guz | |
|---|---|
| Unit of | Length |
| Conversions | |
| 1 guz in ... | ... is equal to ... |
| Imperial units | 3 feet (36 inches) |
| SI base units | 0.9144 m |
History
editUse of the guz in India was first established during the Mughal Empire. The guz in Rajasthan at the end of the 17th century was quoted as being 28 1⁄2 inches (720 mm).[1] By 1875, the average value of the guz in Bengal was 36 inches (1.0 yd; 910 mm), but was 33 inches (840 mm) in Madras and 27 inches (690 mm) in Bombay.[1][2]
By the 20th century, the guz was uniformly quoted as being equal in length to one yard in the English system, or 0.91 metres in the metric system.[3] But there are some different values still in use, like Bikaner has 1 guz/gaz = 2 ft officially recognized and in use.[4]
The guz is still commonly used in the Indian subcontinent. It has become the standard word in Hindi and Urdu for "yard".[5]
Name
edit
The word guz (also spelled guzz, at the time) entered the Oxford English Dictionary in the late 19th century, having been originally submitted by the noted lexicographer William Chester Minor, originally as being equal to 28 4⁄5 inches (730 mm) in India (so that "5 guzz = 4 yards").[6] The word also is reputed to have given the Royal Navy base at HMNB Devonport, in Plymouth, the affectionate nickname of "Guzz", as sailors referring to the Dockyard, used to regularly abbreviate the word to simply "The Yard", leading to the slang use of the Hindi word for the unit of measurement of the same name.[7]
Regional definitions
editArabia
editIn Arabia, it varied between 27 and 37 inches (690 and 940 mm).[8]
Persia
editIn Persia, it was reported in the 1880s that 1 guz was 37 1⁄2 inches (950 mm) for cloth, but 27 inches (690 mm) for silk and carpet.[6]
Nepal
editIn Nepal, 1 guz was 1 yard (0.91 m) in the 20th century.[8]
Southeast Asia
edit1 Malay gaz is around 33 inches (2.8 feet) or 83.82 centimetres.[9]
References
edit- ^ a b "Guz", A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles, vol. 4, 1900, p. 525
- ^ Bedford, Frederick George D. (1875), The sailor's pocket book: A Collection of Practical Rules, Notes and Tables, p. 323.
- ^ "Conversion of Square Guz to Square Meter". Retrieved 10 October 2022.
- ^ "Shri Jitender Kumar Kochar, ... vs Department Of Income Tax on 12 June, 2013". Indian Kanoon. 5 August 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
- ^ Admin. "Gaj to Feet / Square Feet | Square Gaj to Square meters". Retrieved 4 October 2019.
- ^ a b A Minor case: OED contributions from a prison cell http://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2013/02/william-minor/ Archived 2013-02-16 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ The Plymouth Command - Origin of the Nickname GUZZ http://www.godfreydykes.info/THE_PLYMOUTH_COMMAND.htm Archived 2015-01-20 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b "Guz", Sizes, grades, units, scales, calendars, chronologies], Sizes, Inc., 2008, retrieved 20 January 2007
- ^ "gaz". Kamus Dewan (4th ed.). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Malaysia. 2017.
Further reading
edit- Prinsep, James (1840), Useful tables, forming an appendix to the Journal of the Asiatic Society: part the first, Coins, weights, and measures of British India (2nd ed.), Bishop's College Press