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Foreign relations of the Marshall Islands

The Republic of the Marshall Islands has established bilateral diplomatic relations with 112 countries. Regional cooperation, through membership in various regional and international organizations, is a key element in its foreign policy.[1]

The Marshall Islands became a member of the United Nations on September 17, 1991. The Marshall Islands maintains embassies in the United States, Fiji, South Korea, Japan, and the Republic of China (Taiwan). They also maintain a consulate in Honolulu, Hawaii and in Springdale, Arkansas, United States.

Diplomatic relations

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List of countries which the Marshall Islands maintains diplomatic relations with:

 
# Country Date[2]
1   United States 21 October 1986
2   Federated States of Micronesia 26 February 1987
3   Australia 8 July 1987
4   Israel 16 September 1987
5   Fiji 22 January 1988
6   Kiribati 4 June 1988
7   New Zealand 17 June 1988
8   Philippines 15 September 1988
9   Papua New Guinea 21 September 1988
10   Japan 9 December 1988
11   Chile 25 January 1990
12   Solomon Islands 23 May 1990
13   Vanuatu 1 August 1990
14   Tuvalu 14 September 1990
15   Samoa 22 October 1990
16   Nauru 22 February 1991
17   South Korea 16 March 1991
18   Germany 23 September 1991
19   Peru 14 November 1991
20   Cyprus 17 November 1991
21   Maldives 16 December 1991
22   Poland 17 December 1991
23   Spain 17 December 1991
24   United Kingdom 2 February 1992
25   Sweden 12 February 1992
26   Greece 14 February 1992
27   Egypt 2 May 1992
28   Vietnam 1 June 1992
29   Costa Rica 15 June 1992
30   Colombia 5 August 1992
31   Russia 6 August 1992
32   Singapore 28 August 1992
33   Denmark 17 September 1992
34   Norway 18 October 1992
35   Slovenia 19 October 1992
36   Saint Lucia 1992
37   Iceland 25 January 1993
38   Finland 26 January 1993
39   Mexico 28 January 1993
40   Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 28 January 1993
41   Seychelles 2 February 1993
42   France 19 February 1993
43   Austria 1 March 1993
44   Netherlands 2 March 1993
45   Barbados 23 March 1993
46   Argentina 23 April 1993
47   Belize 30 April 1993
48   Indonesia 21 May 1993
49   Malaysia 4 June 1993
50   Luxembourg 20 July 1993
51   Italy 24 September 1993
52   Thailand 29 October 1993
53   Malta 8 February 1994
—   Holy See 30 December 1994
54   Portugal 10 February 1995
55   Andorra 23 February 1995
56   Kuwait 27 September 1995
57   Cape Verde 1 December 1995
58   Ukraine 22 December 1995
59   Brunei 17 January 1996
60   South Africa 27 January 1996
61   Romania 29 January 1996
62   Belgium 29 May 1996
63   Turkmenistan 8 October 1996
64   Mauritius 23 October 1996
65   India 2 February 1997
66   Canada 14 August 1997
67   Palau 1 August 1998
—   Republic of China 20 November 1998
68   Slovakia 29 January 1999
—   Sovereign Military Order of Malta 3 May 2002
69    Switzerland 22 January 2003
70   North Macedonia 27 February 2003
71   Turkey 11 April 2008
72   Czech Republic 30 April 2009
73   Uruguay 2 December 2009
74   Georgia 18 February 2010
75   Tajikistan 18 February 2010
76   Azerbaijan 10 March 2010[3]
77   United Arab Emirates 3 June 2010
78   Brazil 27 July 2010
79   Morocco 13 September 2010
80   Estonia 12 July 2013
—   Cook Islands 3 September 2013
—   Kosovo 27 October 2013
81   Mongolia 23 May 2015
82   Cuba 28 September 2015
83   Monaco 29 September 2015
84   Kyrgyzstan 22 December 2016
85   Cambodia 20 January 2017
86   Myanmar 21 April 2017
87   Guatemala 20 July 2017
88   El Salvador 22 September 2017
89   Saint Kitts and Nevis 18 December 2018
90   Kazakhstan 12 February 2019
91   Eswatini 15 April 2019
92   Nicaragua 13 June 2019
93   Bosnia and Herzegovina 23 September 2019
94   Dominican Republic 23 September 2019
95   Croatia 24 September 2019
96   Ecuador 24 September 2019
97   Honduras 24 September 2019
98   Liechtenstein 24 September 2019
99   Lithuania 24 September 2019
100   East Timor 25 September 2019
101   Algeria 26 September 2019
102   Lebanon 26 September 2019
103   Paraguay 26 September 2019
104   Hungary 27 September 2019
105   Ireland 8 January 2021[4]
106   Latvia 19 September 2022[5]
107   Tonga 21 September 2022[6]
108   Jamaica 23 September 2022[3]
109   Bulgaria 12 June 2023[3]
110     Nepal 23 June 2023[3]
111   Qatar 12 July 2023[3]
112   Pakistan 26 January 2024[3]
113   Benin 2 July 2024[3]
—   Niue 26 August 2024[7][8]
114   Saudi Arabia 5 September 2024[3]
115   Panama 23 September 2024[3]
116   Gambia 25 September 2024[9]
117   Rwanda 25 September 2024[3]
118   Burkina Faso 26 September 2024[3]
119   Serbia 27 September 2024[3]
120   San Marino 28 September 2024[10]

Bilateral relations

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Country Notes
  India See India–Marshall Islands relations

As per the Ministry of External Affairs of the Government of India, India established diplomatic relations with Republic of the Marshall Islands in April 1995. Development assistance from India has included a grant of US$100,000 in June 2008 for a solar street lighting project in the capital city of Majuro and grant of 5 ITEC scholarships in November 2010. Marshall Islands has been supportive of issues of importance to India, particularly Indian candidature to international organizations. It supported India's candidature for the non-permanent membership of the UN Security Council for the 2011–12 term. Presently, there are about 10 Indian nationals in the Marshall Islands.[11]

  Israel See Israel–Marshall Islands relations
  Kosovo See Kosovo–Marshall Islands relations

The Marshall Islands officially recognised the independence of the Republic of Kosovo on the 17 April 2008.[12]

  Micronesia See Marshall Islands–Federated States of Micronesia relations

The Marshall Islands and Micronesia share very good relations, as they are both bound by Compacts of Free Association with the United States.

  Mexico
  • Marshall Islands does not have an accreditation to Mexico
  • Mexico is accredited to the Marshall Islands from its embassy in Manila, Philippines.[13][14]
  Palau See Marshall Islands–Palau relations

The Marshall Islands and Palau share very good relations, as they are both bound by Compacts of Free Association with the United States.

  South Korea See Marshall Islands–South Korea relations

The Republic of the Marshall Islands and Republic of Korea have good diplomatic relations.

  • Bilateral trade of both countries in 2020 were about 4.83 billion $.[15]
  Turkey
  United States See Marshall Islands–United States relations

The Marshall Islands and the United States maintain a strong and stable relationship under the Compact of Free Association. The US has full responsibility in the country's defense, financial aid, and social services. In return, the U.S. provides healthcare services, security, and freedom of movement between U.S., American Samoan, and Marshall Islander citizens. In international politics, Marshall Islands has often voted with the United States with respect to United Nations General Assembly resolutions.[17]

Human rights criticisms

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Hong Kong national security law
In June 2020, the Marshall Islands openly opposed the Hong Kong national security law.[20]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Countries with which the Marshall Islands has Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). U.S. Department of the Interior. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  2. ^ "LISTING OF ALL COUNTRIES WHICH HAVE ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH THE REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS (As of 13 February 2019)". Archived from the original on 18 July 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Diplomatic relations between Marshall Islands and ..." United Nations Digital Library. Archived from the original on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
  4. ^ "Pat Bourne". 8 January 2021. Archived from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  5. ^ "On the margins of UNGA had a very good meeting with Foreign Minister of Marshall Islands Kitlang Kabua, we signed Protocol on the establishment of diplomatic relations and discussed mutual cooperation in the international organisations". 19 September 2022. Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  6. ^ "President David Kabua had a pleasant meeting today with Prime Minister Siaosi Sovaleni and established diplomatic relations with Tonga. The Marshall Islands looks forward to improving bilateral relations & strengthening regional & multilateral partnerships with Tonga". 21 September 2022. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  7. ^ "Niue establishes Diplomatic Relations with Marshall Islands Government". 30 August 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
  8. ^ "Government of Niue establishes diplomatic relations with the Republic of the Marshall Islands". Office of the Secretary of Government NIUE on Facebook. 26 August 2024. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
  9. ^ "The Republic of the Marshall Islands Established Diplomatic Relations with the Republic of The Gambia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Republic of the Marshall Islands on Facebook. 29 September 2024. Retrieved 1 October 2024.
  10. ^ "The Republic of the Marshall Islands Establish Diplomatic Relations with San Marino". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Republic of the Marshall Islands on Facebook. 30 September 2024. Retrieved 1 October 2024.
  11. ^ "Embassy /High Commission /Consulate General of India". Archived from the original on 2021-09-02. Retrieved 2011-07-23.
  12. ^ Republic of the Marshall Islands has recognised Kosovo Archived 2013-10-22 at the Wayback Machine, New Kosova Report, 2008-04-17
  13. ^ "Embassy of Mexico in the Philippines". Archived from the original on 2021-07-20. Retrieved 2017-07-21.
  14. ^ Relations between Mexico and Asia: The Philippines (in Spanish)[permanent dead link‍]
  15. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2023-08-10. Retrieved 2023-08-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  16. ^ a b c "Relations between Turkey and Marshall Islands". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2020-11-02.
  17. ^ General Assembly – Overall Votes – Comparison with U.S. vote Archived 2019-12-02 at the Wayback Machine lists Marshall Islands as in the country with the second high coincidence of votes. Micronesia has always been in the top two.
  18. ^ "Embassy of the Marshall Islands in the United States". Archived from the original on 2021-12-02. Retrieved 2006-02-15.
  19. ^ "Embassy of the United States in the Marshall Islands". Archived from the original on 2021-11-27. Retrieved 2017-07-21.
  20. ^ Lawler, Dave (2 July 2020). "The 53 countries supporting China's crackdown on Hong Kong". Axios. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
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