Bad Cannstatt, also called Cannstatt (until July 23, 1933)[2] or Kannstadt (until 1900), is one of the outer stadtbezirke, or city boroughs, of Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Bad Cannstatt is the oldest and most populous of Stuttgart's boroughs, and one of the most historically significant towns in the area of Stuttgart.[a] The town is home to the Cannstatter Wasen and Cannstatter Volksfest beer festivals, the MHPArena (VfB Stuttgart), the Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Halle, and the Porsche-Arena.
Bad Cannstatt | |
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 Coat of arms | |
Location in Stuttgart  | |
  Bad Cannstatt  Bad Cannstatt | |
| Coordinates: 48°48′20.16″N 9°12′50.76″E / 48.8056000°N 9.2141000°E | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Baden-Württemberg |
| Admin. region | Stuttgart |
| District | Urban district |
| City | Stuttgart |
| Subdivisions | 19 Boroughs |
| Area | |
• Total | 15.713 km2 (6.067 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 205 m (673 ft) |
| Population (2020-12-31)[1] | |
• Total | 70,600 |
| • Density | 4,500/km2 (12,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC 01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC 02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 70331–70378 |
| Dialling codes | 0711 |
| Vehicle registration | S |
| Website | Stuttgart website |
Name
editBad Cannstatt's name originates from a Castra stativa, Cannstatt Castrum, the massive Roman Castra that was erected on the hilly ridge in AD 90 to protect the valuable river crossing and local trade.[4][5] In the past, Bad Cannstatt has been known as simply Cannstatt or Kannstatt,[6] Cannstadt, Canstatt, Kanstatt, and Condistat.[7] Its name was changed to include "Bad" (German: Bath) to mention the town's spas on 23 July 1933.
History
editBad Cannstatt lies on the Neckar at the convergence of various regional trails.[7] The area was inhabited by the Seelberg mammoth hunters during the last glacial period.[8] The town was founded during the Roman period, records survive of Roman knowledge of the area's springs.[6] The nearby Sielberg is notable for its caverns and fossils.[7]
In 746 Carloman, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, called a council at Cannstatt, arrested and executed virtually all nobles of the Alemanni. This marks the transfer of power from the Alemanni to the emerging Carolingians.[9] The present name first appeared as the seat of a court held by Charlemagne in the 8th century while trying the rebellious dukes of Alemannia and Bavaria.
Cannstatt was the capital of the county of Württemberg into the 14th[6] or 15th century;[7] the Rotenberg was the location of the ruling house's ancestral castle.[6] Cannstatt subsequently formed part of the duchy, electorate, and kingdom of Württemberg. It lay about 2.5 miles (4 km) from Stuttgart proper,[7] although it has since grown to include Bad Cannstatt. In the 13th or 14th century, Louis the Bavarian expanded its rights and privileges to equality with Esslingen. Its 15th-century cathedral was dedicated to St Uffo.[7] In 1755, the Great Lisbon earthquake caused the town hall to subside about 3 feet (1 m).[10] During the wars which followed the French Revolution, the town was the site on 21 July 1796 of a French victory over the Austrian Empire.[6]
In the 19th century, it boasted an attractive town hall, a royal theater, a market house, the Wilhelma and Rosenstein palaces, and extensive industry including wool-spinning, dyeing, steelmaking, and construction of machinery. There were then about 40 mineral springs, which were considered beneficial for "dyspepsia and weakness of the nervous system",[7] as well as "diseases of the throat".[6] Cannstatt was the site of Gottlieb Daimler's invention of the first petroleum-fueled automobile in 1886[11] and housed an automotive factory before the First World War. Around that time, it also had notable railway and chemical works and a brewery. Cannstatt was incorporated into Stuttgart in 1904.[6]
Of the 19 surviving mineral springs, 11 are recognized as state wells.[clarification needed] In the world, it is now second to only Újbuda in Budapest, Hungary, in scale.[12] The Mombach spring is the only one that releases its water without pressure in large quantities; its outflow is used in the adjacent baths and the Wilhelma spa.[citation needed]
Famous residents
editFamous people associated with Bad-Cannstatt include:
- Gottlieb Daimler, inventor of the first automobile, developed in Cannstatt, and part-founder of Daimler-Benz. (Karl Benz independently invented a successful automobile in the same year, 96 km away in Ladenburg.)
- Emy Gordon (née von Beulwitz), writer, translator and Catholic activist
Notes
editCitations
edit- ^ "Aktuelle Einwohnerzahlen nach Stadtbezirken und Stadtteilen". Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ Jürgen Hagel Cannstatt und seine Geschichte, S. 237, Hrsg. Verein Pro Alt-Cannstatt, 2. Auflage, 2007, ISBN 978-3-00-022904-6.
- ^ "The History of Stuttgart". worldtravelguide.net. World Travel Guide.
- ^ "Stuttgart (Germany)". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009.
- ^ "Early history of Stuttgart". en.driveline-online.de. driveLINE.
- ^ a b c d e f g EB (1911).
- ^ a b c d e f g EB (1878), p. 26.
- ^ Christie, J. C. (1882-01-01). "XXXV. Notes on the Hohentwiel". Transactions of the Geological Society of Glasgow. 6 (2): 254–259. doi:10.1144/transglas.6.2.254. ISSN 0371-7224. S2CID 162201053.
- ^ Rembold, Ingrid (2018). Conquest and christianization : Saxony and Carolingian world, 772-888. Cambridge. ISBN 978-1-107-19621-6. OCLC 1021410363.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ EB (1878), p. 27.
- ^ "Daimler at a glance". Daimler. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
- ^ "Wissenswertes", Stuttgart Rallye.
Footnotes
editReferences
edit- Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), , Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 5 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, pp. 26–27.
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911), , Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 5 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 189.