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Bugatti Type 35

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The Bugatti Type 35 is an iconic race car design produced by Bugatti at their Molsheim premises between 1924 and 1930. It was extremely successful when raced by the factory works team. It was also bought by a diverse roster of privateer clientele from around the world. It pioneered the concept of a holistically conceived, race-ready car available for purchase.

Bugatti Type 35
Overview
ManufacturerAutomobiles Ettore Bugatti
Production1924–1930
AssemblyFrance: Molsheim-Dorlisheim, Alsace (Usine Bugatti de Molsheim)
DesignerEttore Bugatti
Body and chassis
ClassGrand Prix, Formula Libre
Body styleUnderslung Type
LayoutFR
ChassisSteel ladder frame, aluminum body
Powertrain
Engine
  • 1,092–2,262 cc (67–138 cu in) 3-valve SOHC straight-8
  • 60–130 hp (45–95 kW)
Transmission4-speed manual reverse
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,400 mm (94.5 in)
Length3,680 mm (144.9 in)
Width1,320 mm (52.0 in)
Curb weight650–750 kg (1,435–1,655 lb)
Chronology
PredecessorBugatti Type 30
SuccessorBugatti Type 51
Bugatti Type 37 (left) and 35 (right) cars at the Cité de l'Automobile Museum, Mulhouse
Carl Junker won the 1931 Australian Grand Prix with a Type 39

The arch/egg-shaped[1] radiator is emblematic, as is the rear of the car. The tapered stern has been called a 'Bordino tail' and Ettore Bugatti may have been influenced by the shape of the earlier Fiat 804 driven and modified by Pietro Bordino.[2] The car has also become synonymous with being the first to use cast alloy wheels.[3][4]

The Type 35 was phenomenally successful, winning over 1,000 races in its time. It took the Grand Prix World Championship in 1926 after winning 351 races and setting 47 records in the two prior years. At its height the Type 35 averaged 14 race wins per week. Bugatti won the Targa Florio for five consecutive years, from 1925 through 1929, with the Type 35.[5]

The Bugatti Type 35 was continually being modified and improved upon, but broadly falls into the following nomenclature:

Type 35 (naturally aspirated)

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This original, defining model was introduced at the 1924 French Grand Prix, held at Lyon. The inaugural outing for the Type 35 was not a success due to fitment of badly-vulcanised Dunlop tyres.[3] Despite this, the model showed promise and became increasingly competitive with refinements being made.

The car used an evolution of the three-valve 1,991 cc (121.5 cu in) overhead cam straight-eight engine first seen on the Type 29. Bore was and stroke was of 60 mm × 88 mm (2.36 in × 3.46 in) as on many previous Bugatti models.[6]

This new powerplant featured a sophisticated roller bearing system, numbering five in total. This allowed the engine to rev to 6,000 rpm. Output was up to 90 hp (67 kW). The cable-operated drum brakes system was very popular and adaptable. Alloy wheels were a novelty, as was the hollow front axle for reduced unsprung weight. Another feature of the Type 35 that was to become a Bugatti trademark was passing the springs through the front axle rather than simply U-bolting them together as was done on their earlier cars.

96 of these un-supercharged T35 examples were produced.

Type 35A

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1925 Bugatti Type 35A "Tecla"

A mechanically simpler version of the Type 35 appeared in May 1925. Intended for road use while retaining the 'racing look', several were raced anyway and with some success. The public nicknamed the model "Tecla" after a famous maker of imitation jewellery. The Tecla's engine used plain bearings on the crankshaft (for ease of maintenance), smaller valves, and coil ignition like the Type 30, it was normally delivered on regular wire-spoked wheels.

139 examples of the Type 35A were produced.

Type 35T

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Bugatti introduced a special model for the 1926 Targa Florio race with engine displacement set to 2,262 cc (138.0 cu in) with a longer 100 mm (3.9 in) stroke; the car could not be used for Grands Prix due to rules limiting capacity to 2.0 litres.

13 T35Ts were produced.

Type 35C

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1929 Bugatti Type 35C

The Type 35C was introduced in 1926 and featured a Roots supercharger, despite Ettore Bugatti's disdain for forced induction. Output was nearly 128 bhp (95 kW) with a single Zenith carburettor. The Type 35C came first and second during its first race outing at the 1926 Milan Grand Prix held at Monza. This 2.0-litre supercharged configuration continued to be very dependable.

In 1929, Bugatti was charging 91,500 French francs for the Type 35C. French pilot Guy Bouriat bought two in March 1929.

Approximately 45 examples left the factory.

Type 35B

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1927 Bugatti Type 35B
 
Bugatti Type 35B replica Dashboard

Named by the factory "Type 35TC" (Targa Compressor), this most powerful version became known colloquially as the "T35B". It shared the 2.3 litre engine of the Type 35T this time with a large supercharger added. Output was 138 bhp (103 kW). A British Racing Green Type 35B driven by William Grover-Williams won the inaugural 1929 Monaco Grand Prix. While having more torque, the Type 35B did not rev as high and engine fuel consumption levels were such that the factory reverted to producing the T35C.

Around 37 Type 35B were produced.

Type 37

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1928 Bugatti Type 37

The Type 37 sports car used the same chassis and bodywork as the full-power Type 35, but were mostly delivered with wire wheels. Fitted with a new 1.5 litre (1,496 cc, 91 cu in) straight-4 engine (69 mm x 100 mm), it was easier to maintain for many privateer drivers. This engine was a SOHC three-valve design and produced 60 bhp (45 kW). The same engine went on to be used in the Type 40.

Around 223 Type 37s were built.

Type 37A

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1929 Bugatti Type 37A

The supercharged Type 37A enabled engine output to reach 60–67 kW (80–90 bhp). It also had larger shrouded brake drums.

Around 67 Type 37As were produced.

Type 39

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The Type 39 was similar to the Type 35 except for the engine crankshaft, modified to produce a smaller 1.5 litre (1,493 cc, 91 cu in). Stroke was down from 88 mm to 66 mm, and a mix of plain and roller bearings were used in the crank.

10 examples were produced (some being supercharged (Type 39A)).

A single 1.1 litre (1,092 cc, 67 cu in) version was also created by reducing the bore of the engine to 51.3 mm.

Technical data

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Type 35A Type 35 Type 35C Type 35B Type 39 Type 37 Type 37A
Engine:  Front mounted 8-cylinder in-line engine 4-cylinder
Displacement:  1991 cm³ 2262 cm³ 1493 cm³ 1496 cm³
Bore x stroke:  60 x 88 mm 60 x 100 mm 60 x 66 mm 69 x 100 mm
Max power at rpm:  75 hp at 4 000 rpm 95 hp at 5 500 rpm 128 hp at 5 500 rpm 138 hp at 5 000 rpm 80 hp at 5 500 rpm 60 hp at 4 500 rpm 85 hp at 5 000 rpm
Valve control:  3 valves per cylinder, SOHC
Compression:  Roots compressor Roots
Carburetor:  2 Solex 1 Zenith
Upload: 
Gearbox:  4-speed manual
Suspension front:  rigid axle, semi-elliptic springs live axle, semi-elliptic leaf springs, friction Pampers solid axle, semi-elliptic leaf springs
Suspension rear:  rigid axle, reversed quarter elliptic springs live axle, inverted quarter-elliptic leaf springs, friction dampers live axle, quarter elliptic leaf springs
Brakes:  drums, all-round
Chassis & body:  Aluminium body on steel ladder frame
Wheelbase:  240 cm
Dry weight:  750 kg 700 kg 720 kg
Top speed:  145 km/h 175 km/h 201 km/h 209 km/h 168 km/h 150 km/h

Notable race victories

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Year Race Driver Car
1925 Rome Grand Prix Carlo Massetti Type 35
Targa Florio Bartolomeo Costantini Type 35
Circuito del Garda Aymo Maggi Type 35
1926 Coppa Acerbo Luigi Spinozzi Type 35
Coppa Etna Aymo Maggi Type 35 A
French Grand Prix Jules Goux Type 39 A
Gran Premio de San Sebastián Jules Goux Type 39 A
Italian Grand Prix Louis Charavel Type 39 A
Rome Grand Prix Aymo Maggi Type 35
Spanish Grand Prix Bartolomeo Costantini Type 35
Targa Florio Bartolomeo Costantini Type 35 T
Tripoli Grand Prix François Eysermann Type 35
1927 Targa Florio Emilio Materassi Type 35 C
Tripoli Grand Prix Emilio Materassi Type 35 C
Rome Grand Prix Tazio Nuvolari Type 35
Solituderennen August Momberger Type 35 B
Grand Prix de la Marne Philippe Étancelin Type 35 B
1928 French Grand Prix William Grover-Williams Type 35 C
Italian Grand Prix Louis Chiron Type 37 A
San Sebastián Grand Prix Louis Chiron Type 35 C
Spanish Grand Prix Louis Chiron
Targa Florio Albert Divo Type 35 B
Tripoli Grand Prix Tazio Nuvolari Type 35 C
Moroccan Grand Prix Edward Meyer Type 35 C
1929 French Grand Prix William Grover-Williams Type 35 B
German Grand Prix Louis Chiron Type 35 C
Spanish Grand Prix Louis Chiron
Monaco Grand Prix William Grover-Williams Type 35 B
Targa Florio Albert Divo Type 35 C
Australian Grand Prix Arthur Terdich Type 37 A
Algerian Grand Prix Marcel Lehoux Type 35 C
1930 Belgian Grand Prix Louis Chiron Type 35 C
Czechoslovakian Grand Prix Heinrich-Joachim von Morgen and Hermann zu Leiningen Type 35 B
Eifelrennen Heinrich-Joachim von Morgen Type 35 B
French Grand Prix Philippe Étancelin Type 35 C
Monaco Grand Prix René Dreyfus Type 35 B
Australian Grand Prix Bill Thompson Type 37 A
1931 Australian Grand Prix Carl Junker Type 39
Grand Prix des Frontières Arthur Legat Type 37 A
1932 Australian Grand Prix Bill Thompson Type 37 A
1933 Grand Prix des Frontières Willy Longueville Type 35 B

References

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  1. ^ "Bugatti design – a legend about eggs and horseshoes" (Press release). Molsheim: Bugatti. 2019-04-18. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
  2. ^ Conway, Hugh (1983). Grand Prix Bugatti (Revised ed.). Haynes Publishing Group. p. 45. ISBN 0 85429 293 4.
  3. ^ a b Conway, Hugh (1983). Grand Prix Bugatti (Revised ed.). p. 48. ISBN 0 85429 293 4.
  4. ^ Petrány, Máté (2019-10-08). "Ettore Bugatti made alloy wheels a thing". Hagerty. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
  5. ^ "The legendary Bugatti Type 35". Bugatti. Archived from the original on 2020-09-29. Retrieved 2021-10-25.
  6. ^ "Bugatti Type 35 specs, performance data". FastestLaps. Retrieved 2021-10-25.

Further reading

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