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Atlin (Tlingit: Wéinaa) is a community in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, located on the eastern shore of Atlin Lake.[1] In addition to continued gold-mining activity, Atlin is a tourist destination for fishing, hiking and heliskiing. As of 2016, there are 477 permanent residents.
Atlin
Wéinaa | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Aerial view, ca. 1937 | |
  Atlin Location of Atlin in British Columbia | |
| Coordinates: 59°35′N 133°43′W / 59.583°N 133.717°W | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | British Columbia |
| Region | Stikine Region |
| Population (2016) | |
• Total | 477 |
| Time zone | UTC-8 (PST) |
| Postal code | V0W 0A1 & V0W 1A0 |
| Area code | 250 |
| Telephone exchange | 651 |
The name comes from Áa Tlein, the Tlingit language word for "big body of water".[2] The surrounding area has been used by Inland Tlingit people for many years and the community is home to the Taku River Tlingit First Nation.
Every July, the town hosts the Atlin Arts & Music Festival in Tarahne Park. However, the festival did not take place in 2010 or since 2019.
History
edit
The exact time when prospectors arrived in Atlin is unknown. George Miller is supposed to be the first person to have learned of the presence of gold within the area surrounding Atlin. The two men most commonly referred to as the "founders" of Atlin are Frederick Miller and Kenneth McLaren, who staked claims along the nearby Pine Creek in 1898. The Atlin Gold Rush came to Atlin Lake country in 1898 and was one of the richest offshoots of the Klondike Gold Rush. By the end of the mining season of 1899, around 5,000 people had flocked to the region and Atlin became a busy and important settlement, centre of the Atlin Mining District, and one of the flash-points of the Alaska boundary dispute. "Although production was greatest in its early years, the Atlin field still produces today. Total placer gold production has exceeded $23,000,000."[3]
In the 1920s, Atlin was popular as an exotic tourist destination. There was no road to the settlement, requiring tourists to travel up the Inside Passage through the British Columbia Coast and the Alaska Panhandle and via passes through Alaska and a series of lakes in Yukon and British Columbia. The journey ended when the M.V. Tarahne (and other lake boats) took the tourists across the lake to stay at the large three storey Atlin Inn (built by the White Pass and Yukon Route company).[4] It was during this time it was nicknamed the "Switzerland of the North" because it is surrounded by mountains in much the same way as Switzerland. During the Great Depression, tourism decreased and the White Pass and Yukon Route closed their transportation routes and hotel. Atlin was largely isolated from transportation and commerce until the Atlin Road was built in 1949.
Infrastructure
editAtlin can be reached via the Atlin Road (Yukon Territorial Highway 7; no number in B.C.) that is maintained jointly by the British Columbia and Yukon governments. At its Yukon terminus, the Atlin Road connects to the Tagish Road and the Alaska Highway (Highway 1). It can also be reached through Atlin Airport. Prior to the 1949 construction of the Atlin Road by the Canadian Army, Atlin was reached overland by two lake steamers, the Tutshi and Tarahne, with a two-mile rail line between the lakes they plied, until the 1930s, then was isolated.
Atlin telephone service is provided by Northwestel, following a purchase from the incumbent Telus Communications in November 2023.[5] Satellite internet is provided by the local ISP Atlin Community Network, Xplornet, and more recently Starlink. Northwestel has stated that it intends to bring its own internet and cellular service to Atlin in the future.[5]
Atlin long relied on a local diesel generator, but hydroelectric power was restored around 2009 with a micro-hydro project near where one historically operated. The output is sufficient for local use, but expansion is being studied, with the possible sale of surplus to Yukon Energy.[6]
Atlin has a radio repeater carrying CBC Radio One,[7] and used to have a community-owned television transmitter carrying CBC Television by satellite; when first established, the CBC TV signal was relayed from Whitehorse by a repeater on White Mountain near Jake's Corner. Currently, the only available TV service is through Shaw in Whitehorse.
Climate
editAtlin has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dsc)[8] with long, cold winters and short, mild summers. The westerly location and minor Pacific influence, however, make the winters markedly less severe than in most of northern Canada, and the town is among the northernmost in Canada with a mean annual temperature above 0 °C (32 °F). Precipitation is generally light, with less than 200 millimetres (7.9 in) of actual rainfall per year, and a snowfall less than that of markedly milder Juneau on the coast.
| Climate data for Atlin, British Columbia (1981-2010 normals, extremes 1899-2007): 673m | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 7.2 (45.0) |
10.6 (51.1) |
13.0 (55.4) |
20.0 (68.0) |
26.7 (80.1) |
31.0 (87.8) |
30.0 (86.0) |
30.0 (86.0) |
26.7 (80.1) |
19.5 (67.1) |
13.3 (55.9) |
10.0 (50.0) |
31.0 (87.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −9.1 (15.6) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
6.7 (44.1) |
12.5 (54.5) |
17.2 (63.0) |
19.0 (66.2) |
17.5 (63.5) |
12.3 (54.1) |
5.7 (42.3) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
5.7 (42.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −12.8 (9.0) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
1.3 (34.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
11.3 (52.3) |
13.4 (56.1) |
12.4 (54.3) |
8.1 (46.6) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
1.1 (34.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −16.5 (2.3) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
1.3 (34.3) |
5.3 (41.5) |
7.8 (46.0) |
7.3 (45.1) |
3.8 (38.8) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
−3.4 (25.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −47.8 (−54.0) |
−47.2 (−53.0) |
−39.4 (−38.9) |
−31.1 (−24.0) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−26.7 (−16.1) |
−33.3 (−27.9) |
−50.0 (−58.0) |
−50.0 (−58.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 45.6 (1.80) |
25.4 (1.00) |
17.4 (0.69) |
9.4 (0.37) |
18.2 (0.72) |
29.7 (1.17) |
32.8 (1.29) |
34.2 (1.35) |
42.0 (1.65) |
37.4 (1.47) |
36.1 (1.42) |
36.4 (1.43) |
364.7 (14.36) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1.4 (0.06) |
1.3 (0.05) |
0.5 (0.02) |
3.0 (0.12) |
17.2 (0.68) |
29.7 (1.17) |
32.8 (1.29) |
34.2 (1.35) |
40.7 (1.60) |
27.9 (1.10) |
9.1 (0.36) |
3.2 (0.13) |
200.8 (7.91) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 44.2 (17.4) |
24.1 (9.5) |
16.9 (6.7) |
6.4 (2.5) |
1.0 (0.4) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
1.3 (0.5) |
9.5 (3.7) |
27.1 (10.7) |
33.2 (13.1) |
163.9 (64.5) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 12.2 | 8.4 | 7.4 | 3.7 | 8.0 | 9.4 | 10.9 | 11.7 | 12.8 | 12.6 | 11.8 | 12.4 | 121.3 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 7.8 | 9.4 | 10.9 | 11.7 | 12.7 | 9.4 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 68.1 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 11.8 | 8.2 | 7.0 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 4.2 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 56.3 |
| Source: ECCC[9] | |||||||||||||
Television
editAtlin was featured on the historical television series Gold Trails and Ghost Towns, season 1, episode 9.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Atlin (community)". BC Geographical Names.
- ^ Dickinson, Christine Frances; Smith, Diane Solie (1995). Atlin: The Story of British Columbia's Last Gold Rush. Atlin, BC: Atlin Historical Society. p. 17. ISBN 0-9680193-0-7.
- ^ "Atlin/Áa Tlein Téix'i Park". BC Parks. Retrieved February 10, 2024.
- ^ Alaska, Atlin, and the Yukon: White Pass & Yukon Route. White Pass and Yukon Route. 1910. pp. 15–16.
- ^ a b "Atlin becomes Northwestel's 97th community served". Northwestel. December 1, 2023. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
- ^ Rudyk, Mike (June 7, 2019). "Taku River Tlingit want to sell hydroelectric power to Yukon". CBC News. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
- ^ "CRTC Decision 86-82". Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. February 16, 1986. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
- ^ Atlas of Canada (3rd ed.). Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys. 1959. p. 30. doi:10.4095/293981.
- ^ "Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data". Environment and Climate Change Canada. September 25, 2013. Retrieved August 8, 2023.
Further reading
edit- Dickinson, Christine Frances & Diane Solie Smith (1995). Atlin: the Story of British Columbia's Last Gold Rush. Atlin Historical Society.
- Atlin, 1898-1910. Atlin Centennial Committee. 1971.
External links
edit