Arteriviridae

Arteriviridae is a family of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses in the order Nidovirales which infect vertebrates.^[1]^[2] Host organisms include equids, pigs, Possums, nonhuman primates, and rodents. The family includes, for example, equine arteritis virus in horses which causes mild-to-severe respiratory disease and reproductive failure, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 1 and type 2 in pigs which causes a similar disease, simian hemorrhagic fever virus which causes a highly lethal fever, lactate dehydrogenase–elevating virus which affects mice, and wobbly possum disease virus.^[3]^[4]

Structure

Member viruses are enveloped, spherical, and 45–60 nm in diameter.^[5]

Arteriviruses have a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome.^[5]

Phylogenetic tree of arteriviruses

The family Arteriviridae contains the subfamilies:^[6]

^ "Arteriviridae ~ ViralZone". viralzone.expasy.org. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
^ "Virus Taxonomy: 2018b Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2019. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
^ Dastjerdi, Akbar; Inglese, Nadia; Partridge, Tim; Karuna, Siva; Everest, David J.; Frossard, Jean-Pierre; Dagleish, Mark P.; Stidworthy, Mark F. (February 2021). "Novel Arterivirus Associated with Outbreak of Fatal Encephalitis in European Hedgehogs, England, 2019". Emerg Infect Dis. 27 (2): 578–581. doi:10.3201/eid2702.201962. PMC 7853545. PMID 33496231.
^ Kappes, MA; Faaberg, KS (May 2015). "PRRSV structure, replication and recombination: Origin of phenotype and genotype diversity". Virology. 479–480: 475–86. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.012. PMC 7111637. PMID 25759097.
^ ^a ^b "Chapter 25 - Arteriviridae and Roniviridae". Fenner's Veterinary Virology (Fifth ed.). Academic Press. 2017. pp. 463–476. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-800946-8.00025-8. ISBN 9780128009468. S2CID 216045035.
^ "Taxonomy". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 25 March 2020.