The 2006 Kuril Islands earthquake occurred on November 15 at 8:14:16 pm JST with a Mw magnitude of 8.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IV (Light) and a maximum Shindo intensity of JMA 2. This megathrust earthquake was the largest event in the central Kuril Islands since 1915 and generated a small tsunami that affected the northern Japanese coast. The tsunami crossed the Pacific Ocean and damaged the harbor at Crescent City, California. Post-tsunami surveys indicate that the local tsunami in the central Kuril Islands reached runups of 21.9 metres (72 ft) or higher.[4][5]
   | |
| UTC time | 2006-11-15 11:14:13 |
|---|---|
| ISC event | 9235276 |
| USGS-ANSS | ComCat |
| Local date | November 15, 2006 |
| Local time | 8:14 pm[1] |
| Magnitude | 8.3 Mw[1] |
| Depth | 31 km (19 mi)[1] |
| Epicenter | 46°35′31″N 153°15′58″E / 46.592°N 153.266°E[1] |
| Fault | Kuril–Kamchatka Trench |
| Type | Megathrust |
| Areas affected | Japan, Russia |
| Max. intensity | MMI IV (Light)[2] JMA 2 |
| Tsunami | Up to 21.9 m (72 ft) in Matua Island, Kuril Islands |
| Casualties | 1 injured[3] |
This earthquake is also considered a doublet of the 2007 Kuril Islands earthquake that hit the same area on January 13, 2007.[6]
Tsunami
editAt about 11:45 UTC, tsunami warnings were issued in Japan for the northern coasts of Hokkaidō and Honshū, and a number of towns in this area were very quickly evacuated. Tsunami warnings, advisories and watches were also issued for the coastal areas of Alaska, Hawaii, parts of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California. JMA initially estimated tsunami waves to be as tall as 2 metres when it hit the Japanese northern and eastern coasts, but it turned out to be merely 40 centimetres when it reached Hanasaki Port, Nemuro, Hokkaidō at 9:29 pm local time. The tsunami also hit the rest of Hokkaidō and the Tōhoku Region. The tallest wave recorded in Japan was at Tsubota (坪田), Miyakejima (三宅島), at 84 centimetres. Tsunami also hit as far as Amami in Kagoshima Prefecture and Naha in Okinawa Prefecture, and reached the Hawaiian and California coasts. A 176-centimetre wave in the harbor at Crescent City, California caused an estimated $10 million in damage to the docks.[7] The United States authorities had issued warnings for the Russian Far East, Japan, Wake Island and Midway Atoll.
The nearfield tsunami struck islands with no current inhabitants. However, geologists and archaeologists had visited these islands the previous summer, and returned in the summers of 2007 and 2008.[8][9][10] Because there were two central Kurils tsunamis in the winter of 2006/2007 (see 2007 Kuril Islands earthquake), the specific effects of each tsunami are difficult to determine; but evidence shows that the 2006 tsunami was the larger on all islands in the Kurils except for parts of Rasshua.[11]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d ISC (2015), ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009), Version 2.0, International Seismological Centre
- ^ "M 8.3 – Kuril Islands". United States Geological Survey.
- ^ PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog, Version 2008_06.1, United States Geological Survey, September 4, 2009, archived from the original on 2020-03-13
- ^ "Tsunami Event: KURIL ISLANDS". NGDC.
- ^ MacInnes, B.T., Bourgeois, J., Pinegina, T.K., Kravchunovskays, E., 2009. Tsunami geomorphology: erosion and deposition from the 15 November 2006 Kuril Island tsunami: Geology, v. 37, p. 995–998.
- ^ Ammon, Charles J.; Kanamori, Hiroo; Lay, Thorne (2008), "A great earthquake doublet and seismic stress transfer cycle in the central Kuril islands" (PDF), Nature, 451 (7178): 561–5, Bibcode:2008Natur.451..561A, doi:10.1038/nature06521, PMID 18235499, S2CID 4317389.
- ^ Central Kuril Island Tsunami in Crescent City, California Archived 2010-02-26 at the Wayback Machine University of Southern California
- ^ MacInnes et al., 2009, see above.
- ^ Bourgeois, J. and MacInnes, B.T., 2010. Tsunami boulder transport and other dramatic effects of the 15 November 2006 central Kuril Islands tsunami on the island of Matua: Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Supplementbände Volume 54, Supplementary Issue 3 (2010), p. 175–195 doi:10.1127/0372-8854/2010/0054S3-0024.
- ^ MacInnes, B.T., Pinegina, T.K., Bourgeois, J., Razhegaeva, N.G., Kaistrenko, V.M., and Kravchunovskaya, E.A., 2009, Field survey and geological effects of the 15 November 2006 Kuril tsunami in the middle Kuril Islands, Pure and Applied Geophysics v. 166, doi:10.1007/s00024-008-0428-3.
- ^ MacInnes, B.T., 2010 Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington.
Sources
- Lay, T.; Kanamori, H.; Ammon, C. J.; Hutko, A. R.; Furlong, K.; Rivera, L. (2009), "The 2006–2007 Kuril Islands great earthquake sequence" (PDF), Journal of Geophysical Research, 114 (B11), American Geophysical Union: B11308, Bibcode:2009JGRB..11411308L, doi:10.1029/2008JB006280
- Rabinovich, A. B.; Lobkovsky, L. I.; Fine, I. V.; Thomson, R. E.; Ivelskaya, T. N.; Kulikov1, E. A. (2008), "Near-source observations and modeling of the Kuril Islands tsunamis of 15 November 2006 and 13 January 2007" (PDF), Advances in Geosciences, 14 (14), European Geosciences Union: 105–116, Bibcode:2008AdG....14..105R, doi:10.5194/adgeo-14-105-2008
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External links
edit
- Japan's false alarm showcases tsunami alert system – The Christian Science Monitor
- Small tsunamis hit northern Japan – BBC News
- Central Kuril Island Tsunami in Crescent City, California (11/15/2006) – University of Southern California
- Small tsunami waves hit Japan after earthquake – Associated Press
- Global Surge of Great Earthquakes—What We Are Learning From Them – IRIS Consortium
- The International Seismological Centre has a bibliography and/or authoritative data for this event.