From January 21 to June 3, 1980, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 1980 United States presidential election. Incumbent President Jimmy Carter was again selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses, culminating in the 1980 Democratic National Convention, held from August 11 to 14, 1980, in New York City.
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3,346 delegates to the Democratic National Convention 1,674 (majority) votes needed to win | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Carter Kennedy Uncommitted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Carter faced a major primary challenger in Senator Ted Kennedy of Massachusetts, who won 12 contests and received more than seven million votes nationwide, enough for him to refuse to concede the nomination until the second day of the convention. This remains the last primary election in which an incumbent president's party nomination was still contested going into the convention.
Jimmy Carter would be the last incumbent president to lose a primary in any contest, until Joe Biden lost to Jason Palmer in the 2024 American Samoa Democratic presidential caucuses.[2] For the Democrats in 1980 a then-record of 37 primary races were held.[3]
Primary race
editAt the time, Iran was experiencing a major uprising that severely damaged its oil infrastructure and greatly weakened its capability to produce oil.[4] In January 1979, shortly after Iran's leader Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi fled the country, lead Iranian opposition figure Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini returned from a 14-year exile and with the help of the Iranian people toppled the Shah which in turn led to the installation of a new government that was hostile towards the United States.[4] The damage that resulted from Khomeini's rise to power was soon felt throughout many American cities.[4] In the spring and summer of 1979 inflation was on the rise and various parts of the country were experiencing energy shortages.[5] The gas lines last seen just after the Arab/Israeli war of 1973 were back and President Carter was widely blamed.
President Carter's approval ratings were very low—28% according to Gallup,[6] with some other polls giving even lower numbers. In July Carter returned from Camp David and announced a reshuffling of his cabinet on national television, giving a speech whose downcast demeanor resulted in it being widely labelled the "malaise speech." While the speech caused a brief upswing in the president's approval rating, the decision to dismiss several cabinet members was widely seen as a rash act of desperation, causing his approval rating to plummet back into the twenties. Some Democrats felt it worth the risk to mount a challenge to Carter in the primaries. Although Hugh Carey and William Proxmire decided not to run, Senator Edward M. Kennedy finally made his long-expected run at the presidency.
Ted Kennedy had been asked to take his brother Robert's place at the 1968 Democratic National Convention and had refused. He ran for Senate Majority Whip in 1969, with many thinking that he was going to use this as a platform for the 1972 race.[7] However, then came the notorious Chappaquiddick incident that killed Kennedy's car passenger Mary Jo Kopechne. Kennedy subsequently refused to run for president in 1972 and 1976. Many of his supporters suspected that Chappaquiddick had destroyed any ability he had to win on a national level. Despite this, in the summer of 1979, Kennedy consulted with his extended family, and that fall, he let it leak out that because of Carter's failings, 1980 might indeed be the year he would try for the nomination. Gallup had him beating the president by over two to one, but Carter remained confident, famously claiming at a June White House gathering of Congressmen that if Kennedy ran against him in the primary, he would "whip his ass."[8]
Kennedy's official announcement was scheduled for early November. A television interview with Roger Mudd of CBS a few days before the announcement went badly, however. Kennedy gave an "incoherent and repetitive"[9] answer to the question of why he was running, and the polls, which showed him leading the President by 58–25 in August now had him ahead 49–39.[10] Meanwhile, U.S. animosity towards the Khomeini régime greatly accelerated after 52 American hostages were taken by a group of Islamist students and militants at the U.S. embassy in Tehran and Carter's approval ratings jumped in the 60-percent range in some polls, due to a "rally ‘round the flag" effect[11] and an appreciation of Carter's calm handling of the crisis. Kennedy was suddenly left far behind. Carter beat Kennedy decisively in Iowa and New Hampshire. Carter decisively defeated Kennedy everywhere except Massachusetts, until impatience began to build with the President's strategy on Iran. When the primaries in New York and Connecticut came around, it was Kennedy who won.
Momentum built for Ted Kennedy after Carter's attempt to rescue the hostages on April 25 ended in disaster and drew further skepticism towards Carter's leadership ability.[12] Nevertheless, Carter was still able to maintain a substantial lead even after Kennedy won the key states of California and New Jersey in June. Despite this, Kennedy refused to drop out, and the 1980 Democratic National Convention was one of the nastiest on record. On the penultimate day, Kennedy conceded the nomination and called for a more liberal party platform in the Dream Shall Never Die speech, considered by many as the best speech of his career, and one of the best political speeches of the 20th Century.[13] On the stage on the final day, Kennedy for the most part ignored Carter.
Candidates
editNominee
edit| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign
Withdrawal date |
Popular
vote |
Contests won | Running mate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jimmy Carter | 
|
President of the United States (1977–1981) |
.png) Georgia |
|
10,043,016 (51.13%) |
36 IA, ME, NH, VT, AL, FL, GA, PR, IL, KS, WI, LA, TX, IN, NC, TN, NE, MD, OK, AR ID, KY, NV, MT, OH, WV, MO, OR, WA |
Walter Mondale | |
Withdrew during primaries or convention
edit| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign
Withdrawal date |
Popular Vote | Contests Won | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ted Kennedy | 
|
U.S. Senator from Massachusetts (1962–2009) |
 Massachusetts |
(Campaign) |
7,381,693 (37.58%) |
12 AZ, MA, CT, NY, PA, ND, DC, CA, NJ, NM, RI, SD, VT, AK, MI | |
Other candidates
edit- Jerry Brown, Governor of California
- Cliff Finch, Governor of Mississippi
- Alice Tripp, activist from Minnesota
Far-right politician David Duke tried to run for the Democratic presidential nomination. Despite being six years too young to be qualified to run for president, Duke attempted to place his name onto the ballot in twelve states stating that he wanted to be a power broker who could "select issues and form a platform representing the majority of this country" at the Democratic National Convention.[14][15]
Results
editTablemaker's Note:[c]
| Date (daily totals) |
Contest | Total pledged delegates | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delegates won and popular vote | ||||||||
| Jimmy Carter | Ted Kennedy | Jerry Brown | Lyndon LaRouche | Others | Uncommitted | |||
| January 21 | Iowa Caucuses[16][d] 3,220 SDs |
0 (of 50) | 1,830 SDs (56.83%) |
968 SDs (30.06%) |
- | - | - | 297 SDs (9.22%) |
| February 10 | Maine Caucuses[17][e] 2,247 SDs 33,326 |
0 (of 50) | 1,017 SDs (45.26%) 14,528 (43.59%) |
847 SDs (37.69%) 13,384 (40.16%) |
263 SDs (11.70%) 4,626 (13.88%) |
- | - | 52 SDs (2.31%) 793 (2.38%) |
| February 26 | Minnesota Caucuses[18][f] |
0 (of 75) | (~73.7%) | (~10.4%) | - | - | - | - |
| New Hampshire Primary[19] 111,930 |
19 (of 19) | 10 Del. 52,692 (47.08%) |
9 Del. 41,745 (37.30%) |
10,743 (9.60%) |
2,326 (2.08%) |
4,424 WI (3.95%) |
- | |
| March 4 | Massachusetts Primary[20] 907,323 |
111 (of 111) | 34 Del. 260,401 (28.70%) |
77 Del. 590,393 (65.07%) |
31,498 (3.47%) |
- | 5,368 WI (0.59%) |
19,663 (2.17%) |
| Vermont Primary[21] 39,703 |
0 (of 12) | 29,015 (73.08%) |
10,135 (25.53%) |
358 WI (0.90%) |
6 WI (0.02%) |
189 (0.48%) |
- | |
| March 8 | Iowa County Conventions[22] 3,220 SDs |
0 (of 50) | 1,966 SDs (61.06%) |
1,116 SDs (34.66%) |
- | - | - | 121 SDs (3.76%) |
| March 11 | Alabama Primary[23] 237,464 |
45 (of 45) | 43 Del. 193,734 (81.59%) |
2 Del. 31,382 (13.22%) |
9,529 (4.01%) |
1,149 (0.48%) |
- | 1,670 (0.70%) |
| Alaska Caucuses[24][g] 2,367 SDs |
0 (of 11) | 392 SDs (16.56%) |
110 SDs (4.65%) |
10 SDs (0.42%) |
- | - | 847 SDs (35.78%) | |
| Florida Primary[25] 1,098,003 |
99 (of 99) | 76 Del. 666,321 (60.69%) |
23 Del. 254,727 (23.20%) |
53,474 (4.87%) |
- | 19,160 (1.75%) |
1 Del.104,321 (9.50%) | |
| Georgia Primary[26] 384,780 |
63 (of 63) | 62 Del. 338,772 (88.04%) |
1 Del. 32,315 (8.40%) |
7,255 (1.89%) |
- | 2,731 (0.71%) |
3,707 [h] (0.96%) | |
| Oklahoma Caucuses[27][i] |
0 (of 42) | 4,638 CDs (76.07%) |
593 CDs (9.74%) |
19 CDs (0.31%) |
- | - | 847 CDs (13.89%) | |
| March 15 | Mississippi Caucuses[27][j] |
0 (of 32) | (~78%) | (~5%) | (~1%) | - | (~1%) | (~16%) |
| South Carolina Caucuses[28][k] 11,107 CDs |
0 (of 37) | 7,035 CDs (63.34%) |
579 CDs (5.21%) |
7 CDs (0.06%) |
- | - | 3,486 CDs (31.39%) | |
| March 16 | Puerto Rico Primary[29] 870,235 |
41 (of 41) | 21 Del. 449,681 (51.67%) |
20 Del. 418,068 (48.04%) |
1,660 (0.19%) |
- | 826 (0.10%) |
- |
| March 18 | Illinois Pres. Primary[30] 1,201,067 |
0 (of 179) | 780,787 (65.01%) |
359,875 (29.96%) |
39,168 (3.26%) |
19,192 (1.60%) |
2,045 WI (1.77%) |
- |
| Illinois Del. Primary[31] |
179 (of 179) | 165 Del. | 14 Del. | - | - | - | - | |
| Washington Caucuses[32] 9,811 CDs |
0 (of 57) | 5,264 CDs (53.65%) |
2,491 CDs (25.39%) |
63 CDs (0.64%) |
- | - | 1,993 CDs (20.31%) | |
| March 22 | Virginia Caucuses[33][l] 2,999 SDs |
0 (of 64) | 2,169 SDs (72.32%) |
355 SDs (11.84%) |
1 SD (0.03%) |
- | - | 186 SDs (6.20%) |
| March 24 | South Carolina County Conventions[34][m] 11,107 CDs |
0 (of 37) | (~69%) | (~6%) | - | - | - | (~25%) |
| March 25 | Connecticut Primary[35] 210,275 |
54 (of 54) | 25 Del. 87,207 (41.47%) |
29 Del. 98,662 (46.92%) |
5,386 (2.56%) |
5,617 (2.67%) |
- | 13,403 (6.37%) |
| New York Primary[36][37] 989,062 |
282 (of 282) | 118 Del. 406,305 (41.08%) |
164 Del. 582,757 (58.92%) |
- | - | - | - | |
| March 29 | Oklahoma County Conventions[38] 932 SDs |
0 (of 42) | 723 SDs (77.58%) |
88 SDs (9.44%) |
- | - | 1 SDs (0.11%) |
120 SDs (12.88%) |
| April 1 | Kansas Primary[39] 193,918 |
37 (of 37) | 23 Del. 109,807 (56.63%) |
14 Del. 61,318 (31.62%) |
9,434 (4.87%) |
- | 2,196[n] (1.13%) |
9,434 (4.87%) |
| Wisconsin Primary[40] 629,619 |
75 (of 75) | 48 Del. 353,662 (56.17%) |
26 Del. 189,520 (30.10%) |
1 Del. 74,496 (11.83%) |
6,896 (1.10%) |
2,351[o] (0.37%) |
2,694 (0.43%) | |
| April 5 | Louisiana Primary[41] 358,741 |
51 (of 51) | 39 Del. 199,956 (55.74%) |
12 Del. 80,797 (22.52%) |
16,774 (4.68%) |
- | 19,600[p] (5.46%) |
41,614 (11.60%) |
| April 6 | Mississippi District Conventions[42] |
22 (of 32) | 22 Del. | - | - | - | - | - |
| April 12 | Arizona Caucuses[17][q] 19,600 |
0 (of 29) | 8,342 (42.56%) |
10,241 (52.25%) |
95 (0.49%) |
- | 8 [r] (0.04%) |
914 (4.66%) |
| South Carolina State Convention[43][s] |
37 (of 37) | 34 Del. | 1 Del. | - | - | - | 2 Del. | |
| Virginia District Conventions[t][44] |
23 (of 64) | 21 Del. | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | |
| April 17 | Idaho Caucuses[45] 380 SDs |
17[u] (of 17) | 8 Del. 185 SDs (48.68%) |
5 Del. 111 SDs (29.21%) |
- | - | - | 4 Del. 84 SDs (22.11%) |
| April 18 | Washington County Conventions[46] 1,310 SDs |
0 (of 57) | 744 SDs (56.79%) |
368 SDs (28.09%) |
- | - | - | 198 SDs (15.11%) |
| April 19 | Iowa District Conventions[47] |
34 (of 50) | 21 Del. | 11 Del. | - | - | - | 2 Del. |
| Minnesota District Conventions[v][48] |
18 (of 75) | 12 Del. | 1 Del. | - | - | - | 5 Del. | |
| Mississippi District Conventions[49] |
10 (of 32) | 10 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Oklahoma District Conventions[50] 932 SDs |
29 (of 42) | 24 Del. | 3 Del. | - | - | - | 2 Del. | |
| Virginia District Conventions[w][51] |
17 (of 64) | 14 Del. | 3 Del. | - | - | - | - | |
| April 22 | Missouri Caucuses[52] 793 SDs |
0 (of 77) | 550 SDs (69.36%) |
108 SDs (13.62%) |
- | - | - | 135 SDs (17.02%) |
| Pennsylvania Primary[53] 1,613,223 |
185 (of 185) | 91 Del. 732,332 (45.40%) |
94 Del. 736,854 (45.68%) |
37,669 (2.34%) |
- | 12,503 WI (0.78%) |
93,865 (5.82%) | |
| Vermont Caucuses[54] 1,535 SDs[x] |
0 (of 12) | 366 SDs (23.84%) |
516 SDs (33.62%) |
- | - | - | 262 SDs (17.06%) | |
| April 26 | Michigan caucuses | 141 (of 141) | 7,567 46.68%[55] |
7,793 48.08%[55] |
- | - | - | 5.24%[55] |
| May 3 | Minnesota District Conventions[y][56] |
33 (of 75) | 15 Del. | 4 Del. | - | - | - | 14 Del. |
| Oklahoma State Convention[57] 932 SDs |
13 (of 42) | 10 Del. | - | - | - | - | 3 Del. | |
| Texas Primary[58] 1,377,356 |
0 (of 152) | 770,390 (55.93%) |
314,129 (22.81%) |
35,585 (2.58%) |
- | - | 257,252 (18.68%) | |
| Virginia District Conventions[z][59] |
17 (of 64) | 4 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | |
| May 5 | Colorado Caucuses[aa][60][61][62] 2,918SDs |
0 (of 40) | 1,174 SDs (40.23%) |
852 SDs (29.20%) |
- | - | - | 892 SDs (30.57%) |
| May 6 | Washington, D.C. Primary[63] 64,150 |
19 (of 19) | 8 Del. 23,697 (36.94%) |
11 Del. 39,561 (61.67%) |
- | 892 (1.39%) |
- | - |
| Indiana Primary[64] 589,441 |
80 (of 80) | 53 Del. 398,949 (67.68%) |
27 Del. 190,492 (32.32%) |
- | - | - | - | |
| North Carolina Primary[65] 737,262 |
69 (of 69) | 53 Del. 516,778 (70.09%) |
13 Del. 130,684 (17.73%) |
21,420 (2.91%) |
- | - | 68,380 (9.28%) | |
| Tennessee Primary[65] 294,680 |
55 (of 55) | 44 Del. 221,658 (75.22%) |
11 Del. 53,258 (18.07%) |
5,612 (1.90%) |
925 (0.31%) |
1,684 [ab] (0.57%) |
11,515 (3.91%) | |
| May 10 | Texas Caucuses[66] 3,900 SDs[ac] |
0 (of 152) | 1,431 SDs (36.69%) |
644 SDs (16.51%) |
- | - | - | 312 SDs (8.00%) |
| Wyoming State Convention[67] |
11 (of 11) | 8 Del. | 3 Del. | - | - | - | - | |
| May 13 | Maryland Primary[68] 477,090 |
30 (of 30) | 32 Del. 226,528 (47.48%) |
26 Del. 181,091 (37.96%) |
14,313 (3.00%) |
4,388 (0.92%) |
4,891 [ad] (1.03%) |
1 Del. 45,879 (9.62%) |
| Nebraska Primary[69] 153,881 |
24 (of 24) | 14 Del. 72,120 (46.87%) |
10 Del. 57,826 (37.58%) |
5,478 (3.56%) |
1,169 (0.76%) |
1,247 WI (0.81%) |
16,041 (10.42%) | |
| May 17 | Alaska State Convention[70] |
11 (of 11) | 0.61 Del. | 1.83 Del. | - | - | - | 8.56 Del. |
| Maine State Convention[71] |
22 (of 22) | 11 Del. | 11 Del. | - | - | - | - | |
| Virginia State Convention[72] |
20 (of 64) | 20 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | |
| May 20 (116) |
Michigan Primary[73] 78,424 |
0 (of 141) | - | - | 23,043 (29.38%) |
8,948 (11.41%) |
10,048 WI (12.81%) |
36,385 (46.40%) |
| Oregon Primary[74] 367,204 |
39 (of 39) | 26 Del. 208,693 (56.83%) |
13 Del. 114,651 (31.22%) |
34,409 (9.37%) |
- | 9,451 WI (2.57%) |
- | |
| Utah Caucuses[75] 3,760 |
0 (of 20) | 1,779 (47.31%) |
876 (23.30%) |
- | - | - | 1,105 (29.39%) | |
| May 24 | Arizona State Convention[76] |
22 (of 22) | 13 Del. | 16 Del. | - | - | - | - |
| Delaware State Convention[77] |
14 (of 14) | 10 Del. | 4 Del. | - | - | - | - | |
| Vermont State Convention[78] |
12 (of 12) | 5 Del. | 7 Del. | - | - | - | - | |
| May 27 | Arkansas Primary[79][80] 448,290 |
33 (of 33) | 23 Del. 269,375 (60.09%) |
5 Del. 78,542 (17.52%) |
- | - | 19,469 [ae] (4.34%) |
5 Del. 80,904 (18.05%) |
| Idaho Primary[81] 50,482 |
0 (of 20) | 31,383 (62.17%) |
11,087 (21.96%) |
2,078 (4.12%) |
- | - | 5,934 (11.76%) | |
| Kentucky Primary[81] 240,331 |
50 (of 50) | 38 Del. 160,819 (66.92%) |
12 Del. 55,167 (22.96%) |
- | - | 5,126 [af] (2.13%) |
19,219 (8.00%) | |
| Nevada Primary[81] 66,948 |
12 (of 12) | 5 Del. 25,159 (37.58%) |
3 Del. 19,296 (28.82%) |
- | - | - | 4 Del. 22,493 (33.60%) | |
| May 30 | Hawaii State Convention[82] |
19 (of 19) | 15 Del. | 4 Del. | - | - | - | - |
| May 31 | Colorado District Conventions[ag][83] |
6 (of 40) | 3 Del. | 2 Del. | - | - | - | 1 Del. |
| June 3 | California Primary[84] 3,363,969 |
298 (of 298) | 137 Del. 1,266,276 (37.64%) |
167 Del. 1,507,142 (44.80%) |
135,962 (4.04%) |
71,779 (2.13%) |
51 WI (0.00%) |
382,759 (11.38%) |
| Missouri District Conventions[ah][85] |
53 (of 77) | 40 Del. | 5 Del. | - | - | - | 8 Del. | |
| Montana Primary[86] 130,059 |
19 (of 19) | 10 Del. 66,922 (51.46%) |
9 Del. 47,671 (36.65%) |
- | - | - | 15,466 (11.89%) | |
| New Jersey Pres. Primary[87] 277,977 |
113 (of 113) | 45 Del. 212,387 (37.87%) |
68 Del. 315,109 (56.18%) |
- | 13,913 (2.48%) |
- | 19,499 (3.48%) | |
| New Mexico Primary[88] 159,364 |
20 (of 20) | 10 Del. 66,621 (41.80%) |
10 Del. 73,721 (46.26%) |
- | 4,798 (3.01%) |
4,490[ai] (2.82%) |
9,734 (6.11%) | |
| Ohio Primary[89] 1,186,410 |
161 (of 161) | 84 Del. 605,744 (51.06%) |
77 Del. 523,874 (44.16%) |
- | 35,268 (2.97%) |
21,524 (1.81%) |
- | |
| Rhode Island Primary[90] 38,327 |
23 (of 23) | 6 Del. 9,907 (25.85%) |
17 Del. 26,179 (68.30%) |
310 (0.81%) |
1,160 (3.03%) |
- | 771 (2.01%) | |
| South Dakota Primary[91] 68,763 |
19 (of 19) | 9 Del. 31,251 (45.45%) |
10 Del. 33,418 (48.60%) |
- | - | - | 4,094 (5.95%) | |
| West Virginia Primary[92] 317,934 |
32 (of 32) | 24 Del. 197,687 (62.18%) |
8 Del. 120,247 (37.82%) |
- | - | - | - | |
| June 7 | Minnesota State Convention[93] |
24 (of 75) | 12 Del. | 7 Del. | - | - | - | 5 Del. |
| June 8 | North Dakota State Convention[94] |
14 (of 14) | 7 Del. | 5 Del. | - | - | - | 2 Del. |
| June 14 | Colorado State Convention[95] |
13 (of 40) | 6 Del. | 4 Del. | - | - | - | 3 Del. |
| Colorado District Conventions[aj][ak][95] |
21 (of 40) | 11 Del. | 8 Del. | - | - | - | 2 Del. | |
| Iowa State Convention[96] |
16 (of 50) | 10 Del. | 6 Del. | - | - | - | - | |
| Missouri State Convention[97] |
24 (of 77) | 17 Del. | - | - | - | - | 7 Del. | |
| Washington State Convention[98] |
58 (of 58) | 36 Del. | 21 Del. | - | - | - | 1 Del. | |
| June 21 | Texas State Convention[99] |
152 (of 152) | 104 Del. | 38 Del. | - | - | - | 10 Del. |
| July 12 | Utah State Convention[100] 3,760 |
20 (of 20) | 10 Del. | 4 Del. | - | - | - | 6 Del. |
| 3,315 delegates 19,649,458 votes |
1,979.61 10,043,016 (51.11%) |
1,229.83 7,381,693 (37.57%) |
1 575,296 (2.93%) |
0 177,784 (0.91%) |
0 183,246 (0.93%) |
96.56 1,288,423 (6.56%) | ||
County Results:[al]
Carter
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
- 50–60%
- 60–70%
- 70–80%
- 80–90%
- 90–100%
Kennedy
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
- 50–60%
- 60–70%
- 70–80%
- 80–90%
- 90–100%
Uncommitted
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
- 50–60%
- 60–70%
- 70–80%
- 80–90%
- 90–100%
Brown
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
Others
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
Tie
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
- 50–60%
No Data
Endorsements
edit|
Jimmy Carter |
|---|
|
|
Jerry Brown |
|---|
|
Convention
editPresidential tally[142]
- Jimmy Carter (inc.) – 2,123 (64.04%)
- Ted Kennedy – 1,151 (34.72%)
- William Proxmire – 10 (0.30%)
- Koryne Kaneski Horbal – 5 (0.15%)
- Scott M. Matheson – 5 (0.15%)
- Ron Dellums – 3 (0.09%)
- Robert Byrd – 2 (0.06%)
- John Culver – 2 (0.06%)
- Kent Hance – 2 (0.06%)
- Jennings Randolph – 2 (0.06%)
- Warren Spannaus – 2 (0.06%)
- Alice Tripp – 2 (0.06%)
- Jerry Brown – 1 (0.03%)
- Dale Bumpers – 1 (0.03%)
- Hugh L. Carey – 1 (0.03%)
- Walter Mondale – 1 (0.03%)
- Edmund Muskie – 1 (0.03%)
- Thomas J. Steed – 1 (0.03%)
In the vice-presidential roll call, Mondale was re-nominated with 2,428.7 votes to 723.3 not voting and 179 scattering.
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ This is an estimate provided by the source.
- ^ This is an estimate provided by the source.
- ^ This should not be taken as a finalized list of results. While a significant amount of research was done, there were a number of Delegates who were not bound by the instruction, or "Pledged" to a candidate, and to simplify the data these delegates were considered "Uncommitted". Some states also held primaries for the delegate positions, and these on occasion were where slates or candidates pledge to a certain candidate might be elected; however, as these elections allowed for a single person to vote for multiple candidates, as many as the number of positions being filled, it is difficult to determine how many people actually voted in these primaries. For this reason, while the results of some are in the table, they are not included in the popular vote summaries at the bottom of the table.
- ^ Three percent of the precincts had not yet reported their results in the source used.
- ^ 20 communities of 503 had not yet reported their results in the source used.
- ^ Only 98 of 100 precincts were tallied in the source, and only by percentages.
- ^ Only 57% of the seats were decided in the source.
- ^ Includes 1,378 votes (0.36%) for Cliff Finch, 513 votes (0.13%) for Lyndon LaRouche.
- ^ Only 82% of the precincts were called in the source. The number of delegates elected was also unclear.
- ^ Only 63% of the delegate selections were given in the source, and only by percentages.
- ^ Only 1,079 of 1,629 precincts were called in the source.
- ^ Only 90% of meetings were accounted for in the source.
- ^ Only 37 of 45 counties were called in the source.
- ^ Includes 629 votes (0.32%) for Cliff Finch.
- ^ Includes 1,842 votes (0.29%) for Cliff Finch.
- ^ Includes 11,153 votes (3.11%) for Cliff Finch.
- ^ 8 polling places out of 84 had not yet reported their results in the source used.
- ^ Includes 5 votes (0.03%) for Cliff Finch.
- ^ Only 37 of 45 counties were called in the source.
- ^ Only five of ten districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ Delegates were actually picked later at the State Convention on June 28th, but no source around that time specifies this.
- ^ Only three of eight districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ Only four of ten districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ Results only for 1,144 of the 1,535 Delegates were accounted for in the source.
- ^ Only five of eight districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ Only one of ten districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ With only 65% of precincts tallied, no vote beyond percentages.
- ^ Includes 1,663 votes (0.56%) for Cliff Finch.
- ^ Results only for 2,387 of the 3,900 Delegates were accounted for in the source.
- ^ All votes for Cliff Finch.
- ^ All votes for Cliff Finch.
- ^ Includes 2,517 votes (1.05%) for Cliff Finch.
- ^ Only one of five districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ All ten districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ All votes for Cliff Finch.
- ^ Only four of five districts held conventions on this date.
- ^ This is an assumption; no sources were found for the other District Conventions, but they occurred sometime before or during the State Convention.
- ^ Only partial county returns were available for Arizona and Washington. Additionally, states where no county data was available are shaded according to the statewide winners share of the vote or by the percentage of delegate allocation. Only township level data was available for Connecticut.
References
edit- ^ a b "DISENCHANTED". The Boston Globe. Boston, Massachusetts. July 1, 1980. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
- ^ Bickerton, James (March 7, 2024). "Joe Biden is first incumbent president to lose a primary in 44 years". Newsweek. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
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In 1980 a then-record thirty-seven primaries (including those in the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) provided more opportunity for mass participation in the nominating process than ever before.
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- ^ "STATE DELEGATE FIGHT HAS ALREADY BEGUN". The Times Argus. Barre, Vermont. March 6, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
- ^ "COUNTY CONVENTIONS GIVE KENNEDY A TINY GAIN; CARTER STILL FAR AHEAD". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. March 10, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
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- ^ "MOST ALASKA DEMOS STAY UNCOMMITTED". Daily Sitka Sentinel. Sitka, Alaska. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "PRESIDENT SWEEPS HIS HOMELAND". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
- ^ "HERE'S DELEGATE BREAKDOWN OF CANDIDATE PREFERENCE". The Columbus Ledger. Columbus, Georgia. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ a b "NIGH SEES AT LEAST 35 DELEGATES TO CARTER". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. March 13, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CAUCUS-COUNTING SLOW, BUT CARTER VICTORY BIG". The Greenville News. Greenville, South Carolina. March 17, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER SQUEAKS BY KENNEDY IN PUERTO RICO ELECTION". St. Lucie News Tribune. Fort Pierce, Florida. March 17, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "ANDERSON LOSES HOME STATE". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. March 19, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ "ILLINOIS PRIMARY FINAL RESULTS". Southern Illinoisan. Carbondale, Illinois. March 20, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ "ANDERSON CAMP HANGS ONTO HOPES". The Olympian. Olympia, Washington. March 19, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "ANDERSON CAMP HANGS ONTO HOPES". The News and Advance. Lynchburg, Virginia. March 23, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER GAINS AT CONVENTIONS". The Item. Sumter, South Carolina. March 25, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN FELL JUST SHY OF DELEGATE MAJORITY". Hartford Courant. Hartford, Connecticut. March 29, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ "WIDE MARGIN IN CITY". New York Times. New York, New York. March 26, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
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- ^ "IT'S CARTER DAY AT CONVENTIONS". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. March 30, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "STATE MOVES TO DELEGATE STEP". The Marysville Advocate. Marysville, Kansas. April 3, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ "STATE FINAL VOTE TOTALS". Wisconsin State Journal. Madison, Wisconsin. April 3, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ "STATE VOTE TOTALS". The Daily Advertiser. Lafayette, Louisiana. April 7, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER APPEARS ASSURED OF MOST STATE DELEGATES". The Clarksdale Press Register. Clarksdale, Mississippi. March 13, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER GAINS 6 MORE SOUTH CAROLINA DELEGATES". Anderson Independent. Anderson, South Carolina. March 25, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER WIDENS MARGIN IN VIRGINIA". Culpeper Star-Exponent. Culpepper, Virginia. April 14, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "IOWA DEMOS PICK CARTER, 2-1". The Idaho Statesman. Boise, Idaho. April 18, 1980. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
- ^ "ANDERSON CAMP HANGS ONTO HOPES". The Olympian. Olympia, Washington. April 22, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "CONVENTIONS AFFIRM CARTER'S IOWA LEAD". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. April 20, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN, CARTER WIN STATE DELEGATES". The Minneapolis Star. Minneapolis, Minnesota. April 21, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER SWEEP SEEN". Enterprise-Journal. McComb, Mississippi. March 13, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER WINS STATE VICTORY OVER TED IN DELEGATE SELECTION". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. April 20, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER GIVEN FURTHER BOOST BY VIRGINIA DEMS". The News-Virginian. Waynesboro, Virginia. April 21, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "DELEGATE SUPPORT PLEASES CARTER BACKERS". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. April 24, 1980. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
- ^ "SCORECARD OF DELEGATES". The New York Times. New York, New York. April 24, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ "KENNEDY STUNS CARTER IN VERMONT CAUCUSES". Rutland Daily Herald. Rutland, Vermont. April 23, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ a b c Johnson, Malcolm (Associated Press) (April 28, 1980). "Kennedy wins again but gains little". LexisNexis Academic.
The final totals showed Kennedy with 7,793 votes and Carter with 7,567. About 850 votes were divided between uncommitted and other candidates, but neither category had enough votes to win a delegate.
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- ^ "PRESIDENT CAPTURES 10 MORE DELEGATES FROM OKLAHOMA". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. May 4, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CELEMENT'S NOD DUE TODAY". Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Fort Worth, Texas. May 5, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN PICKS UP MORE DELEGATES". The News and Advance. Lynchburg, Virginia. May 4, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "SCORECARD OF DELEGATES". The New York Times. New York, New York. May 8, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "DEMOCRATS DIVIDED IN COLORADO VOTING". The New York Times. New York, New York. May 8, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "NEWS DIGEST". The Daily Sentinel. Grand Junction, Colorado. June 4, 1980. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER, REAGAN WITHIN 200 DELEGATES OF VICTORY". The Dispatch. Moline, Illinois. May 7, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "DEMO CHAIRMAN URGES KENNEDY TO QUIT". The Call-Leader. Elwood, Indiana. May 5, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ a b "CARTER, REAGAN HOLD THREE-QUARTERS OF NEEDED DELEGATES". The Roanoke Times. Roanoke, Virginia. May 7, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER CORRALS BIG TEXAS DELEGATE LEAD". El Paso Times. El Paso, Texas. May 11, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER SNARES WYOMING VOTE". Provo, Utah. Augusta, Maine. May 11, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER, REAGAN WIN EASILY". The Evening Sun. Baltimore, Maryland. May 14, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "REAGAN, CARTER TAKE NEBRASKA". The Evening Sun. Baltimore, Maryland. May 14, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "STATE DEMOS PICK DELEGATES; 3 FOR KENNEDY, 1 FOR CARTER". Daily Sitka Sentinel. Sitka, Alaska. May 19, 1980. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
- ^ "MAINE DEMOCRATS EVENLY SPLIT". Kennebec Journal. Augusta, Maine. May 19, 1980. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER GETS DELEGATES; LIBERALS ARE OUSTED". The Roanoke Times. Roanoke, Virginia. May 18, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "MICHIGAN'S HALF-PRIMARY DRAWS FEW VOTERS AND MUCH CRITICISM". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. May 21, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "TUESDAY'S RESULTS". The Capital Journal. Salem, Oregon. May 21, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "DEMOS SELECT CARTER IN PREFERENCE TEST". The Salt Lake Tribune. Salt Lake City, Utah. May 21, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "ARIZONA DEMOCRATS PICK CONVENTION DELEGATES". Arizona Republic. Phoenix, Arizona. May 25, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "IT'S OFFICIAL: STATE DEMOCRATS LIKE CARTER". The Morning News. Wilmington, Delaware. May 25, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "STATE DEMOCRATS GIVE DELEGATE EDGE TO TED". Kennebec Journal. Augusta, Maine. May 25, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER, CLINTON WIN IN BIG WAY". Baxter Bulletin. Baxter, Arkansas. May 29, 1980. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER, CLINTON WIN IN BIG WAY". The New York Times. New York, New York. May 29, 1980. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
- ^ a b c "CARTER". The State Journal. Frankfort, Kentucky. May 28, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "ARIYOSHI-BACKED KUMAGAI ELECTED DEMO CHAIRMAN". Hawaii Tribune-Herald. Hilo, Hawaii. June 2, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER, REAGAN WIN STATE POLLS". The Daily Sentinel. Grand Junction, Colorado. June 2, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "CALIFORNIA VOTERS SEND CONTRADICTORY MESSAGES". Camarillo Star. Ventura, California. June 5, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "MISSOURI GIVES CARTER 40 VOTES". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. June 4, 1980. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
- ^ "MONTANA ELECTION A SURPRISE". The Montana Standard. Butte, Montana. June 5, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "TED'S FORCES HAIL JERSEY VOTE MARGIN". The Jersey Journal. Jersey City, New Jersey. June 5, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "KENNEDY BACKERS IN N.M. JUBILANT". The Albuquerque Tribune. Albuquerque, New Mexico. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "OHIO DEMOCRATS STILL DIVIDED". The Tribune. Coshocton, Ohio. June 5, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "CAPSULE LOOK AT RESULTS OF 9-STATE PRESIDENTIAL RACE". Oakland Tribune. Oakland, California. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
- ^ "INDIANS HELP KENNEDY'S NARROW WIN". Lead Daily Call. Sioux Falls, South Dakota. June 5, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "PRESIDENTIAL FINALE: WHAT 9 STATES DID". The Journal Herald. Dayton, Ohio. June 5, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ "DFL DELEGATES PLEASE CARTER, KENNEDY FORCES". Star Tribune. Minneapolis, Minnesota. June 9, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "DEMOCRATS GIVE KENNEDY SLIGHT EDGE". The Bismarck Tribune. Bismark, North Dakota. June 9, 1980. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
- ^ a b "CARTER ADDS A FEW DELEGATES AT WEEKEND STATE CONVENTIONS". The Wichita Eagle. Wichita Kansas. June 16, 1980. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
- ^ "CARTER BACKERS SAIL TO NATIONAL SPOTS". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. June 15, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
- ^ White, Keith; Edwards, Robert (June 15, 1980). "Carter gets 57 of state's 77 delegates". Springfield Leader and Press. Springfield, Missouri. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
- ^ "STATE DEMOCRATS IN FAMILY FEUD, BUT WHAT ELSE IS NEW?". The News Tribune. Tacoma, Washington. June 16, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "DEMOCRATS". Wichita Falls Times. Wichita Falls, Texas. June 22, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ "DEMOCRATS DEFEAT PLANK ASKING ERA SUPPORT". The Salt Lake Tribune. Salt Lake City, Utah. July 12, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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- ^ a b "Key state Democrats endorse Ted Kennedy". The Berkshire Eagle. December 28, 1979. p. 3. Archived from the original on February 22, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Kennedy stresses Dukakis support". Google News Search Archive. The Free-Lance Star. June 16, 1988. p. 23. Retrieved 2 December 2023. Even Kennedy is said by friends to have laughed at that idea when it was first proposed. Kennedy denies this, and he has loyally stumped the country for his governor, reciprocating the support that Michael S. Dukakis gave Kennedy's unsuccessful presidential candidate in 1980."
- ^ a b "Open Letter". The Burlington Free Press. March 4, 1980. p. 26. Archived from the original on February 26, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Kennedy operatives in state named". Bennington Banner. December 4, 1979. p. 10. Archived from the original on February 21, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Kennedy steering committee formed". Great Falls Tribune. December 8, 1979. p. 13. Archived from the original on February 21, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Kennedy 'Invades' The South". The Miami Herald. November 10, 1979. p. 41. Archived from the original on February 14, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Kennedy chairmen named". Sioux City Journal. December 4, 1979. p. 9. Archived from the original on February 21, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Cohen, Marty (May 15, 2009). The Party Decides: Presidential Nominations Before and After Reform. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-226-11238-1 – via Google Books.
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- ^ "Ted to appear on TV in East". Quad-City Times. January 26, 1980. p. 4. Archived from the original on February 23, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Fearing Prez' cuts, teachers back Ted". Daily News. March 17, 1980. p. 149. Archived from the original on February 29, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Union backs Kennedy". The Times-News. November 20, 1979. p. 3. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "ADA snubs Carter, says Ted's its man". Daily News. June 25, 1979. p. 468. Archived from the original on November 9, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "1980 New York Democratic Primary". Our Campaigns. Archived from the original on August 28, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
- ^ "1980 California Democratic Primary". Our Campaigns. Archived from the original on August 28, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
- ^ "Ted (Edward Moore) Kennedy [Democratic] 1980 Campaign Ad "Green Archie B"". Youtube. Congressional Archives Carl Albert Center. September 15, 2020. Retrieved June 17, 2024.
- ^ Meyer, Theoderic (October 5, 2018). "The Worst Job in American Politics". Politico. Retrieved November 2, 2021.
- ^ "US President – D Convention Race – Aug 11, 1980". Our Campaigns. Archived from the original on May 16, 2011. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
Further reading
edit- Norrander, Barbara (1986). "Correlates of Vote Choice in the 1980 Presidential Primaries". Journal of Politics. 48 (1): 156–166. doi:10.2307/2130931. JSTOR 2130931. S2CID 143610156.
- Southwell, Priscilla L. (1986). "The Politics of Disgruntlement: Nonvoting and Defection among Supporters of Nomination Losers, 1968–1984". Political Behavior. 8 (1): 81–95. doi:10.1007/BF00987593. S2CID 154450840.
- Stanley, Timothy (2010). Kennedy vs. Carter: The 1980 Battle for the Democratic Party's Soul. University Press of Kansas. ISBN 978-0-7006-1702-9.
- Stone, Walter J. (1984). "Prenomination Candidate Choice and General Election Behavior: Iowa Presidential Activists in 1980". American Journal of Political Science. 28 (2): 361–378. doi:10.2307/2110877. JSTOR 2110877.
- Ward, Jon (2019). Camelot's End : Kennedy vs. Carter and the Fight that Broke the Democratic Party. New York: Twelve. ISBN 978-1-4555-9138-1.