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Ha (kana)

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For the Chinese character, see 八.

Ha (hiragana: は, katakana: ハ) is one of the Japanese kana, each of which represent one mora. Both represent [ha]. They are also used as a grammatical particle (in such cases, they denote [wa], including in the greeting "kon'nichiwa") and serve as the topic marker of the sentence. は originates from 波 and ハ from 八.

ha
hiragana
japanese hiragana ha		 katakana
japanese katakana ha
transliterationha, wa
translit. with dakutenba
translit. with handakutenpa
hiragana origin波
katakana origin八
Man'yōgana八 方 芳 房 半 伴 倍 泊 波 婆 破 薄 播 幡 羽 早 者 速 葉 歯
Voiced Man'yōgana伐 婆 磨 魔
spelling kanaはがきのハ Hagaki no "ha"
unicodeU 306F, U 30CF
braille⠥
Note: This mora was historically pronounced as "pa".

In the Sakhalin dialect of the Ainu language, the katakana ハ can be written as small ㇵ to represent a final h sound after an a sound (アㇵ ah).[1] This, along with other extended katakana, was developed by Japanese linguists to represent sounds in Ainu not present in standard Japanese katakana.

When used as a particle, は is pronounced as わ [wa]. は is also pronounced as わ in some words (e.g. もののあはれ pronounced as mono no aware).

Form Rōmaji Hiragana Katakana
Normal h-
(は行 ha-gyō) 		ha は ハ
haa
hā 		はあ, はぁ
はー 		ハア, ハァ
ハー
Addition dakuten b-
(ば行 ba-gyō) 		ba ば バ
baa
bā 		ばあ, ばぁ
ばー 		バア, バァ
バー
Addition handakuten p-
(ぱ行 pa-gyō) 		pa ぱ パ
paa
pā 		ぱあ, ぱぁ
ぱー 		パア, パァ
パー

Stroke order

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Stroke order in writing は
 
Stroke order in writing ハ
 
Stroke order in writing は

The Hiragana は is made with three strokes:

  1. A vertical line on the left side with a small curve.
  2. A horizontal stroke near the center.
  3. A vertical stroke on the right at the center of the second stroke followed by a loop near the end.
 
Stroke order in writing ハ

The Katakana ハ is made with two strokes:

  1. A straight stroke from the top pointing towards the bottom left.
  2. Another straight stroke going the opposite way, i.e. from the top to the bottom right

The hiragana は is read as "wa" when it represents a particle.

Other communicative representations

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  • Full Braille representation
は / ハ in Japanese Braille
は / ハ
ha		  ば / バ
ba		  ぱ / パ
pa		  はあ / ハー
hā		 ばあ / バー
bā  		 ぱあ / パー
pā
                  
Other kana based on Braille は
ひゃ / ヒャ
hya		 びゃ / ビャ
bya		 ぴゃ / ピャ
pya		 ひゃあ / ヒャー
hyā		 びゃあ / ビャー
byā		 ぴゃあ / ピャー
pyā
                    
Character information
Preview は ハ ﾊ ㇵ ㋩
Unicode name HIRAGANA LETTER HA KATAKANA LETTER HA HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER HA KATAKANA LETTER SMALL HA CIRCLED KATAKANA HA
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 12399 U 306F 12495 U 30CF 65418 U FF8A 12789 U 31F5 13033 U 32E9
UTF-8 227 129 175 E3 81 AF 227 131 143 E3 83 8F 239 190 138 EF BE 8A 227 135 181 E3 87 B5 227 139 169 E3 8B A9
Numeric character reference は は ハ ハ ﾊ ﾊ ㇵ ㇵ ㋩ ㋩
Shift JIS (plain)[2] 130 205 82 CD 131 110 83 6E 202 CA
Shift JIS-2004[3] 130 205 82 CD 131 110 83 6E 202 CA 131 241 83 F1
EUC-JP (plain)[4] 164 207 A4 CF 165 207 A5 CF 142 202 8E CA
EUC-JIS-2004[5] 164 207 A4 CF 165 207 A5 CF 142 202 8E CA 166 243 A6 F3
GB 18030[6] 164 207 A4 CF 165 207 A5 CF 132 49 153 56 84 31 99 38 129 57 188 57 81 39 BC 39
EUC-KR[7] / UHC[8] 170 207 AA CF 171 207 AB CF
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)[9] 198 211 C6 D3 199 103 C7 67
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)[10] 199 86 C7 56 199 203 C7 CB
Character information
Preview ば バ ぱ パ
Unicode name HIRAGANA LETTER BA KATAKANA LETTER BA HIRAGANA LETTER PA KATAKANA LETTER PA
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 12400 U 3070 12496 U 30D0 12401 U 3071 12497 U 30D1
UTF-8 227 129 176 E3 81 B0 227 131 144 E3 83 90 227 129 177 E3 81 B1 227 131 145 E3 83 91
Numeric character reference ば ば バ バ ぱ ぱ パ パ
Shift JIS[2] 130 206 82 CE 131 111 83 6F 130 207 82 CF 131 112 83 70
EUC-JP[4] 164 208 A4 D0 165 208 A5 D0 164 209 A4 D1 165 209 A5 D1
GB 18030[6] 164 208 A4 D0 165 208 A5 D0 164 209 A4 D1 165 209 A5 D1
EUC-KR[7] / UHC[8] 170 208 AA D0 171 208 AB D0 170 209 AA D1 171 209 AB D1
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)[9] 198 212 C6 D4 199 104 C7 68 198 213 C6 D5 199 105 C7 69
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)[10] 199 87 C7 57 199 204 C7 CC 199 88 C7 58 199 205 C7 CD

See also

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References

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Look up は, ば, or ぱ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
  1. ^ "Katakana Phonetic Extensions – Test for Unicode support in Web browsers".
  2. ^ a b Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-03-08]. "Shift-JIS to Unicode".
  3. ^ Project X0213 (2009-05-03). "Shift_JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 1) vs Unicode mapping table".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ a b Unicode Consortium; IBM. "EUC-JP-2007". International Components for Unicode.
  5. ^ Project X0213 (2009-05-03). "EUC-JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 3) vs Unicode mapping table".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ a b Standardization Administration of China (SAC) (2005-11-18). GB 18030-2005: Information Technology—Chinese coded character set.
  7. ^ a b Unicode Consortium; IBM. "IBM-970". International Components for Unicode.
  8. ^ a b Steele, Shawn (2000). "cp949 to Unicode table". Microsoft / Unicode Consortium.
  9. ^ a b Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-02-11]. "BIG5 to Unicode table (complete)".
  10. ^ a b van Kesteren, Anne. "big5". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.

[1]

  1. ^ Soergel, Nicolas (3 October 2011). "Particle は (wa)". Nihongo Ichiban.
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