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Ġ (minuscule: ġ) is a letter of the Latin script, formed from G with the addition of a dot above the letter.
Usage
editArabic
editĠ is used in some Arabic transliteration schemes, such as DIN 31635 and ISO 233, to represent the letter غ (ġain).In the Standard Tunisian Alphabet [1] Ġ is used in Tunisian Arabic to represent the voiced pharyngeal fricative /ʕ/. Whereas it uses Ğ to represent the voiced uvular fricative /ʁ/.
Armenian
editĠ is used in the romanization of Classical or Eastern Armenian to represent the letter Ղ/ղ (ġat).
Chechen
editĠ is present in the Chechen Latin alphabet, created in the 1990s. The Cyrillic equivalent is гI, which represents the sound /ɣ/.[2]
Inupiat
editĠ is used in some dialects of Inupiat to represent the voiced uvular fricative /ʁ/.
Irish
editĠ was formerly used in Irish to represent the lenited form of G. The digraph gh is now used.[3]
Maltese
editĠ is the 7th letter of the Maltese alphabet, preceded by F and followed by G. It represents the voiced postalveolar affricate [dʒ].[4]
Old Czech
edit⟨ġ⟩ is sometimes (about 16th century) used to r[g]h it from the letter ⟨g⟩, which represented the consonant [j].
Old English
edit⟨Ġ⟩ is sometimes used in modern scholarly transcripts of Old English to represent [j] or [dʒ] (after ⟨n⟩), to distinguish it from ⟨g⟩ pronounced as /ɣ/, which is otherwise spelled identically. The digraph ⟨cg⟩ was also used to represent [dʒ].[5]
Ukrainian
edit⟨Ġ⟩ is used in some Ukrainian transliteration schemes, mainly ISO 9:1995, as the letter Ґ.
Phonetic transcription
edit⟨ġ⟩ is sometimes used as a phonetic symbol transcribing [ɣ] or [ŋ].
Georgian
editĠ is used in the transliteration of Georgian to represent the letter ღ.
Ġ is used to represent Gy. Just like ñ which is part of the Cy (consonant y) sounds
Computer encoding
editISO 8859-3 (Latin-3) includes Ġ at D5 and ġ at F5 for ue in Maltese, and ISO 8859-14 (Latin-8) includes Ġ at B2 and ġ at B3 for use in Irish.
Precomposed characters for Ġ and ġ have been present in Unicode since version 1.0. As part of WGL4, it can be expected to display correctly on most computer systems.
| Appearance | Code points | Name |
|---|---|---|
| Ġ | U 0120 U 0047, U 0307 |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G WITH DOT ABOVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G COMBINING DOT ABOVE |
| ġ | U 0121 U 0067, U 0307 |
LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH DOT ABOVE LATIN SMALL LETTER G COMBINING DOT ABOVE |
OpenAI's GPT-2 uses U 0120 (Ġ) as a substitute for the space character in its tokens.[6]
References
edit- ^ The Standard Tunisian Alphabet or Tunisian Alphabet (in Tunisian: l'Alphabet t'Tounsiy) is a phonemic Latin-based Alphabet used to write down Tunisian. It uses the 26 main letters alongside other additional latin letters. It isn't yet official to use and not famous amongst Tunisians, but is still a good way to use it writing Tunisian if considering Latin as the Alphabet.
- ^ Koryakov, Yuri B. (2002). Atlas of Caucasian Languages (PDF). Moscow: Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences. pp. 6–7.
- ^ "Symbol Codes | Irish, Old Irish and Manx". Pennsylvania State University. 21 April 2017. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- ^ Robert D. Hoberman (2007). Kaye, Alan S. (ed.). "Chapter 13. Maltese Morphology" (PDF). Morphologies of Asia and Africa. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns: 258. ISBN 978-1-57506-109-2. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- ^ Daniel Paul O'Donnell. "The Pronunciation of Old English". University of Lethbridge Personal Web Sites. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
- ^ "Why \u0120 (Ġ) is in so many pairs? · Issue #80 · openai/GPT-2". GitHub.