Ï, lowercase ï, is a symbol used in various languages written with the Latin alphabet; it can be read as the letter I with diaeresis, I-umlaut or I-trema.
| I with Diaeresis | |
|---|---|
| Ï ï | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Latin script |
| Sound values | |
| In Unicode | U 00CF, U 00EF |
| History | |
| Development | |
| Other | |
Initially in French and also in Afrikaans, Catalan, Dutch, Galician, Southern Sami, Welsh, and occasionally English, ⟨ï⟩ is used when ⟨i⟩ follows another vowel and indicates hiatus in the pronunciation of such a word. It indicates that the two vowels are pronounced in separate syllables, rather than together as a diphthong or digraph. For example, French maïs (IPA: [ma.is] ; "maize"); without the diaeresis, the ⟨i⟩ is part of the digraph ⟨ai⟩: mais (IPA: [mɛ] ; *but"). The letter is also used in the same context in Dutch, as in Oekraïne (pronounced [ukraːˈ(j)inə] *and not [uˈkrɑinə]; "Ukraine"), and English naïve (/nɑːˈiːv/ nah-EEV or /naɪˈiːv/ ny-EEV).
The letter is also used in Ukrainian.
In scholarly writing on Turkic languages, ⟨ï⟩ is sometimes used to write the close back unrounded vowel /ɯ/, which, in the standard modern Turkish alphabet, is written as the dotless i ⟨ı⟩.[1] The back neutral vowel reconstructed in Proto-Mongolic is sometimes written ⟨ï⟩.[2]
In the transcription of Amazonian languages, ⟨ï⟩ is used to represent the high central vowel [ɨ].
It is also a transliteration of the rune ᛇ.
Computing
editLowercase ï is often seen in the sequences � and , which are the Unicode replacement character and byte order mark, respectively, in UTF-8 misinterpreted as ISO-8859-1 or CP1252 (both common encodings in software configured for English-language users). Thus, it tends to indicate that any following mojibake can be corrected by reinterpreting the data as UTF-8.
| Preview | Ï | ï | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS | ||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 207 | U 00CF | 239 | U 00EF |
| UTF-8 | 195 143 | C3 8F | 195 175 | C3 AF |
| Numeric character reference | Ï |
Ï |
ï |
ï |
| Named character reference | Ï | ï | ||
| EBCDIC family | 119 | 77 | 87 | 57 |
| ISO 8859-1/2/3/4/9/10/14/15/16 | 207 | CF | 239 | EF |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Marcel Erdal, A Grammar of Old Turkic, Handbook of Oriental Studies 3, ISBN 9004102949, 2004, p. 52
- ^ Juha Janhunen, ed., The Mongolic Languages ISBN 0415681545, p. 5
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