使用 SwiftData 历史记录 API 跟踪模型更改

4:57 - Preserve values in history on deletion

// Add .preserveValueOnDeletion to capture unique columns
import SwiftData

@Model 
class Trip {
    #Unique<Trip>([\.name, \.startDate, \.endDate])
    
    @Attribute(.preserveValueOnDeletion)
    var name: String
    var destination: String

    @Attribute(.preserveValueOnDeletion)
    var startDate: Date

    @Attribute(.preserveValueOnDeletion)
    var endDate: Date
    
    var bucketList: [BucketListItem] = [BucketListItem]()
    var livingAccommodation: LivingAccommodation?
}

6:26 - Fetch transactions from history

private func findTransactions(after token: DefaultHistoryToken?, author: String) -> [DefaultHistoryTransaction] {
    var historyDescriptor = HistoryDescriptor<DefaultHistoryTransaction>() 
    if let token {
        historyDescriptor.predicate = #Predicate { transaction in
            (transaction.token > token) && (transaction.author == author)
        }
    }
    
    var transactions: [DefaultHistoryTransaction] = []
    let taskContext = ModelContext(modelContainer)
    do {
        transactions = try taskContext.fetchHistory(historyDescriptor)
    } catch let error {
        print(error)
    }

    return transactions
}

7:34 - Process history changes

private func findTrips(in transactions: [DefaultHistoryTransaction]) -> (Set<Trip>, DefaultHistoryToken?) {
        let taskContext = ModelContext(modelContainer)
        var resultTrips: Set<Trip> = []
        for transaction in transactions {
            for change in transaction.changes {
                let modelID = change.changedPersistentIdentifier
                let fetchDescriptor = FetchDescriptor<Trip>(predicate: #Predicate { trip in
                    trip.livingAccommodation?.persistentModelID == modelID
                })
                let fetchResults = try? taskContext.fetch(fetchDescriptor)
                guard let matchedTrip = fetchResults?.first else {
                    continue
                }
                switch change {
                case .insert(_ as DefaultHistoryInsert<LivingAccommodation>):
                    resultTrips.insert(matchedTrip)
                case .update(_ as DefaultHistoryUpdate<LivingAccommodation>):
                    resultTrips.update(with: matchedTrip)
                case .delete(_ as DefaultHistoryDelete<LivingAccommodation>):
                    resultTrips.remove(matchedTrip)
                default: break
                }
            }
        }
        return (resultTrips, transactions.last?.token)
    }

10:19 - Save and use a history token

private func findUnreadTrips() -> Set<Trip> {
    let tokenData = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: UserDefaultsKey.historyToken)
    
    var historyToken: DefaultHistoryToken? = nil
    if let tokenData {
        historyToken = try? JSONDecoder().decode(DefaultHistoryToken.self, from: tokenData)
    }
    let transactions = findTransactions(after: historyToken, author: TransactionAuthor.widget)
    let (unreadTrips, newToken) = findTrips(in: transactions)
    
    if let newToken {
        let newTokenData = try? JSONEncoder().encode(newToken)
        UserDefaults.standard.set(newTokenData, forKey: UserDefaultsKey.historyToken)
    }
    return unreadTrips
}

11:30 - Update the user interface

struct ContentView: View {
    @Environment(\.scenePhase) private var scenePhase
    @State private var showAddTrip = false
    @State private var selection: Trip?
    @State private var searchText: String = ""
    @State private var tripCount = 0
    @State private var unreadTripIdentifiers: [PersistentIdentifier] = []

    var body: some View {
        NavigationSplitView {
            TripListView(selection: $selection, tripCount: $tripCount,
                         unreadTripIdentifiers: $unreadTripIdentifiers,
                         searchText: searchText)
            .toolbar {
                ToolbarItem(placement: .topBarLeading) {
                    EditButton()
                        .disabled(tripCount == 0)
                }
                ToolbarItemGroup(placement: .topBarTrailing) {
                    Spacer()
                    Button {
                        showAddTrip = true
                    } label: {
                        Label("Add trip", systemImage: "plus")
                    }
                }
            }
        } detail: {
            if let selection = selection {
                NavigationStack {
                    TripDetailView(trip: selection)
                }
            }
        }
        .task {
            unreadTripIdentifiers = await DataModel.shared.unreadTripIdentifiersInUserDefaults
        }
        .searchable(text: $searchText, placement: .sidebar)
        .sheet(isPresented: $showAddTrip) {
            NavigationStack {
                AddTripView()
            }
            .presentationDetents([.medium, .large])
        }
        .onChange(of: selection) { _, newValue in
            if let newSelection = newValue {
                if let index = unreadTripIdentifiers.firstIndex(where: {
                    $0 == newSelection.persistentModelID
                }) {
                    unreadTripIdentifiers.remove(at: index)
                }
            }
        }
        .onChange(of: scenePhase) { _, newValue in
            Task {
                if newValue == .active {
                    unreadTripIdentifiers  = await DataModel.shared.findUnreadTripIdentifiers()
                } else {
                    // Persist the unread trip names for the next launch session.
                    await DataModel.shared.setUnreadTripIdentifiersInUserDefaults(unreadTripIdentifiers)
                }
            }
        }
        #if os(macOS)
        .onReceive(NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: NSApplication.didBecomeActiveNotification)) { _ in
            Task {
                unreadTripIdentifiers  = await DataModel.shared.findUnreadTripIdentifiers()
            }
        }
        .onReceive(NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: NSApplication.willTerminateNotification)) { _ in
            Task {
                await DataModel.shared.setUnreadTripIdentifiersInUserDefaults(unreadTripIdentifiers)
            }
        }
        #endif
    }
}