Leon Haupt

Economic, ecologic, and social benefits support the rapid diffusion of grid-connected microgrids (MG). Economic feasibility still stands out as the primary goal of commercial MGs. A stationary electrical energy storage system (ESS) is often a central component of MGs, facilitating islanding and cost-effective management of main grid use. Therefore, previous research has focused on the sizing of stationary ESS. The advent of large-scale electric vehicle (EV) charging hub MGs (CHMGs) such as the… Mehr anzeigen

Economic, ecologic, and social benefits support the rapid diffusion of grid-connected microgrids (MG). Economic feasibility still stands out as the primary goal of commercial MGs. A stationary electrical energy storage system (ESS) is often a central component of MGs, facilitating islanding and cost-effective management of main grid use. Therefore, previous research has focused on the sizing of stationary ESS. The advent of large-scale electric vehicle (EV) charging hub MGs (CHMGs) such as the one along the freeway A8 near Augsburg, Germany, profoundly changes the economically optimal capacity of stationary ESS. While it is well conceived that EVs can be aggregated and then compensated for stationary ESS, research still lacks quantifiable evidence and methodological guidance on how the charging strategy (immediate, controlled, bidirectional) influences the economically optimal capacity of the stationary ESS. To address this gap, this paper proposes a method that includes a mixed-integer linear programming model for scheduling decisions under various conceivable ESS capacities and provides scenario analyses on the EV charging strategies as well as on ESS cost. Thereby, the method thus identifies the economically optimal capacity of the ESS. The results show that in the considered CHMG near Augsburg, the stationary ESS sizing decision is relevant in all but extreme scenarios. In particular, the economically optimal stationary ESS capacity soars if more than 65% of the EVs begin to charge immediately and the storage costs falls below 150 EUR/kWh. In contrast, smaller portions of controlled charging EVs can already drastically reduce stationary ESS. Remarkably, this paper also gives quantitative evidence that investments in bidirectional charging do not to pay off in the CHMG near Augsburg. Weniger anzeigen

The growing share of renewable energy generation based on fluctuating wind and solar energy sources is increasingly challenging in terms of power grid stability. Industrial demand-side response presents a promising way to balance energy supply and consumption. For this, energy demand is flexibly adapted based on external incentives. Thus, companies can economically benefit and at the same time contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, there are currently some major obstacles… Mehr anzeigen

The growing share of renewable energy generation based on fluctuating wind and solar energy sources is increasingly challenging in terms of power grid stability. Industrial demand-side response presents a promising way to balance energy supply and consumption. For this, energy demand is flexibly adapted based on external incentives. Thus, companies can economically benefit and at the same time contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, there are currently some major obstacles that impede industrial companies from taking part in the energy markets. A broad specification analysis systematically dismantles the existing barriers. On this foundation, a new end-to-end ecosystem of an energy synchronization platform is introduced. It consists of a business-individual company-side platform, where suitable services for energy-oriented manufacturing are offered. In addition, one market-side platform is established as a mediating service broker, which connects the companies to, e.g., third party service providers, energy suppliers, aggregators, and energy markets. The ecosystems aim at preventing vendor lock-in and providing a flexible solution, relying on open standards and offering an integrated solution through an end-to-end energy flexibility data model. In this article, the resulting functionalities are discussed and the remaining deficits outlined. Weniger anzeigen

A detailed understanding of the diffusion mechanisms of ions in pure and doped ionic liquids remains an important aspect in the design of new ionic‐liquid electrolytes for energy storage. To gain more insight into the widely used imidazolium‐based ionic liquids, the relationship between viscosity, ionic conductivity, diffusion coefficients, and reorientational dynamics in the ionic liquid 3‐methyl‐1‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (DMIM‐TFSI) with and without lithium… Mehr anzeigen

A detailed understanding of the diffusion mechanisms of ions in pure and doped ionic liquids remains an important aspect in the design of new ionic‐liquid electrolytes for energy storage. To gain more insight into the widely used imidazolium‐based ionic liquids, the relationship between viscosity, ionic conductivity, diffusion coefficients, and reorientational dynamics in the ionic liquid 3‐methyl‐1‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (DMIM‐TFSI) with and without lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li‐TFSI) was examined. The diffusion coefficients for the DMIM cation and the role of ion aggregates were investigated by using the quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) and neutron spin echo techniques. Two diffusion mechanisms are observed for the DMIM cation with and without Li‐TFSI, that is, translational and local. The data additionally suggest that Li ion transport along with ion aggregates, known as the vehicle mechanism, may play a significant role in the ion diffusion process. These dielectric‐spectroscopy investigations in a broad temperature and frequency range reveal a typical α–β‐relaxation scenario. The α relaxation mirrors the glassy freezing of the dipolar ions, and the β relaxation exhibits the signatures of a Johari–Goldstein relaxation. In contrast to the translational mode detected by neutron scattering, arising from the decoupled faster motion of the DMIM ions, the α relaxation is well coupled to the dc charge transport, that is, the average translational motion of all three ion species in the material. The local diffusion process detected by QENS is only weakly dependent on temperature and viscosity and can be ascribed to the typical fast dynamics of glass‐forming liquids. Weniger anzeigen

Deliverable within the Horizon 2020 Project INVADE: Integrated electric vehicles and batteries to empower distributed and centralised storage in distribution grids.