Enechemata
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English: Enechema (ἐνήχημα), sometimes apechema (ἀπήχημα), is an intonation formula which is sung by the leader of choir at the beginning in order to indicate the mode (ἦχος) and the intonation of Orthodox chant to the singers of the choir. The abridged form is called "modal signature" and functions like a clef (modal key) within neume notation and its Octoechos system. Its use was imitated by Carolingian cantors in their tonaries.