Work Text:
Timeline of the expanded and completed Robot-Empire-Foundation Universe
Stories set in the expanded and completed Robot-Empire-Foundation Universe:
Please note the following:
- This is a list of all the stories officially published in Asimov’s Robot-Empire-Foundation Universe, including officially authorized sequels.
- The list contains additional stories by devoted writers, which were not officially authorized, but which expand on the official literary corpus. Added are the three unauthorized volumes of The Final Foundation Trilogy offering a conclusion to the Foundation Series - which the Asimov Estate has declared to be impossible as they were unable/unwilling to find a writer capable of the task.
- The list contains the stories in reading order, tagged with relevant dates.
- Some of these dates were revised (old/obsolete dates marked by strikethrough) in light of newer, offically authorized sequels.
- Some of the stories are novels, others are short stories or chapters of novels (the latter broken to chapters to allow listing in chronologic order).
- Dates after each title indicate their year of first publication.
1995 2022 A.D.
A Boy's Best Friend, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1975. Volume: The Complete Robot
1998 2025 A.D.
Robbie, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1940. Volume: The Complete Robot
2006 2032 A.D.
Robot AL-76 Goes Astray, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1942. Volume: The Complete Robot
2035 A.D.
I, Robot: To Protect, Mickey Zucker Reichert, novel, 2011.
2036 A.D.
I, Robot: To Obey, Mickey Zucker Reichert, novel, 2013.
2037 A.D.
I, Robot: To Preserve, Mickey Zucker Reichert, novel, 2016.
2015 2042 A.D.
Runaround, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1942. Volume: The Complete Robot
2015 2042 A.D.
Reason, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1941. Volume: The Complete Robot
2016 2043 A.D.
Catch that Rabbit!, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1944. Volume: The Complete Robot
2021 2051 A.D.
Liar!, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1941. Volume: The Complete Robot
2023 2053 A.D.
Satisfaction Guaranteed, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1951. Volume: The Complete Robot
2024 2054 A.D.
Balance, Mike Resnick, short story, 1989. Volume: Foundation's Friends
2025 2055 A.D.
Lenny, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1958. Volume: The Complete Robot
2029 2059 A.D.
Little Lost Robot, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1947. Volume: The Complete Robot
2031 2061 A.D.
Risk, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1955. Volume: The Complete Robot
2031 2061 A.D.
Escape!, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1945. Volume: The Complete Robot
2032 2062 A.D.
Evidence, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1946. Volume: The Complete Robot
2032 2062 A.D.
PAPPI, Sheila Finch, short story, 1989. Volume: Foundation's Friends
2034 2064 A.D.
Galley Slave, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1957. Volume: The Complete Robot
2035 2065 A.D.
First Law, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1956. Volume: The Complete Robot
2036 2066 A.D.
Plato's Cave, Poul Anderson, short story, 1989. Volume: Foundation's Friends
2052 2082 A.D.
The Evitable Conflict, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1950. Volume: The Complete Robot
2055 2085 A.D.
Robot Dreams, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1986. Volume: Robot Dreams
2062 2092 A.D.
Feminine Intuition, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1969. Volume: The Complete Robot
2090 2120 A.D.
Christmas without Rodney, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1988. Volume: Robot Visions
2120 2150 A.D.
Kid Brother, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1990. Volume: Gold
2150 2180 A.D.
Light Verse, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1973. Volume: The Complete Robot
2210 A.D.
That Thou Art Mindful of Him, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1974. Volume: The Complete Robot
2389 A.D.
The Bicentennial Man, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1976. Volume: The Complete Robot
4021 A.D.
Mother Earth, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1949. Volume: The Early Asimov, Book Two
5021 A.D.
The Caves of Steel, Isaac Asimov, novel, 1953.
5022 A.D.
The Naked Sun, Isaac Asimov, novel, 1956.
5023 A.D.
Mirror Image, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1972. Volume: The Complete Robot
5024 A.D.
Strip Runner, Pamela Sargent, short story, 1989. Volume: Foundation's Friends
5024 A.D.
The Robots of Dawn, Isaac Asimov, novel, 1983.
5199 A.D.
Mirage, Mark W. Tiedemann, novel, 2000.
5200 A.D.
Chimera, Mark W. Tiedemann, novel, 2001.
5201 A.D.
Aurora, Mark W. Tiedemann, novel, 2002.
5205 A.D.
Have Robot, Will Travel, Alexander C. Irvine, novel, 2004.
5222 A.D.
Robots and Empire, Isaac Asimov, novel, 1985.
5322 A.D.
Caliban, Roger MacBride Allen, novel, 1993.
5323 A.D.
Inferno, Roger MacBride Allen, novel, 1994.
5328 A.D.
Utopia, Roger MacBride Allen, novel, 1996.
1200 B.G.E
The Stars Like Dust, Isaac Asimov, novel, 1951.
200 B.G.E.
The Currents of Space, Isaac Asimov, novel, 1952.
827 G.E.
Pebble in the Sky, Isaac Asimov, novel, 1950.
978 G.E.
Blind Alley, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1945. Volume: The Early Asimov, Book Two
12 020 G.E.
Prelude to Foundation, Isaac Asimov, novel, 1988.
12 028 G.E.
Eto Demerzel, Isaac Asimov, novel chapter, 1993. Novel: Forward the Foundation
12 028 G.E.
Foundation’s Fear, Gregory Benford, novel, 1997.
12 038 G.E.
Cleon I, Isaac Asimov, novel chapter, 1993. Novel: Forward the Foundation
12 048 G.E.
Dors Venabili, Isaac Asimov, novel chapter, 1993. Novel: Forward the Foundation
12 058 G.E.
Wanda Seldon, Isaac Asimov, novel chapter, 1993. Novel: Forward the Foundation
12 067 G.E.
Foundation and Chaos, Greg Bear, novel, 1998.
12 067 G.E.
The Psychohistorians, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1951. Volume: Foundation
12 067 G.E.
The Originist, Orson Scott Card, short story, 1989. Volume: Foundation's Friends
12 068 G.E.
Foundation’s Triumph, David Brin, novel, 1999.
12 069 G.E.
Epilogue, Isaac Asimov, novel chapter, 1993. Novel: Forward the Foundation
50 F.E.
The Encyclopedists, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1942. Volume: Foundation
80 F.E.
The Mayors, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1942. Volume: Foundation
135 F.E.
The Traders, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1944. Volume: Foundation
155 F.E.
The Merchant Princes, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1944. Volume: Foundation
195 F.E.
The General, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1945. Volume: Foundation and Empire
270 F.E.
Trantor Falls, Harry Turtledove, short story, 1989. Volume: Foundation's Friends
310 F.E.
The Mule, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1945. Volume: Foundation and Empire
315 F.E.
Search by the Mule, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1948. Volume: Second Foundation
376 F.E.
Search by the Foundation, Isaac Asimov, short story, 1950. Volume: Second Foundation
498 F.E.
Foundation’s Edge, Isaac Asimov, novel, 1982.
499 F.E.
Foundation and Earth, Isaac Asimov, novel, 1986.
508 F.E.
Cantera – A Foundation Story, Richard Blake, 2021.
508 F.E.
Stellar Winds, Richard Blake, 2022.
508 F.E.
Foundation and Aurora, Richard Blake, 2022.
998 F.E.
Foundation and Second Empire, Jeffery Owen Brown, novel, 2014.
999 F.E.
The Robots of the Interregnum, Jeffery Owen Brown, novel, 2018.
1799 F.E.
The End of Foundation, Jeffery Owen Brown, novel, 2024.
Legends:
A.D. = Anno Domini
B.G.E. = Before Galactic Era
G.E. = Galactic Era
F.E. = Foundation Era
S.E. = Second Empire
* indicates dates revised in light of data from I, Robot: To Protect, I, Robot: To Obey and I, Robot: To Preserve.
???
The civilization of the Guardians rises in the Sirius Sector of the Milky Way.
???
Two other highly evolved spacefaring species (among numerous diverse sentient species) develop into imperial rivals of the Guardian race in the Milky Way Galaxy. One, Shamu, is motivated by belligerence and base instincts. The other race attempts, but ultimately fails, to understand the necessity.
ca. 500 000 B.C.
The Outer Zones of Earth develop as the first intelligent species arise on the planet.
ca. 475 000 - 55 000 B.C.
The presence of non-human intelligence in the Sirius Sector and on Mars, as evidenced by archeological finds during the Foundation/Second Empire era.
ca. 105 000 B.C.
Evolution of the earliest human civilization on Earth.
ca. 60 000 B.C.
Millennia-long migration of older Earth races to the six zones.
ca. 40 000 B.C.
Unanticipated disruption and realignment of the bonds of galactic harmony. Shamu intensifies their presence on Earth and begins feeding off the suffering of the human survivors of the imbalance. In spite of all this, humankind begins a slow climb back toward civilization.
ca. 25 000 B.C.
Human civilization is destroyed by deluge.
1887 A.D.
Birth of Joseph Schwartz.
1949 A.D.
Joseph Schwartz suffers a time travel accident propelling him into the future.
ca. 2000 A.D.
Still considering humankind a promising species, the Guardians drive the Shamu out of the Milky Way. Their other sectoral rival collapses amidst civil war precipitated by a misinterpretation of the necessity. The Guardians retire to another plane of existence.
2009 A.D.
Lawrence Robertson founds U.S. Robot and Mechanical Men, Inc. Lawrence invents the positronic brain. His coworkers, Calvin and Amanda Campbell conceive the Three Laws of Robotics which become an integral part of the positronic brain. Birth of Susan, daughter of Calvin and Amanda Campbell.
2010 A.D.
Alfred Lanning demonstrates the first speaking robot.
Before 2012 A.D.
U.S. Robot develops a series of humanoid robots, named the NC (New Calvin) line after its inventor Calvin Campbell.
2012 A.D.
An antitechnology group, the Society for Humanity thinks that Calvin and Amanda Campbell know a code which can uncouple the Three Laws of Robotics from the positronic brain without rendering it inoperable. Fearing robots that may threaten humanity, the Society kills the Campbells. Susan is adopted by the latest model of the newly developed humanoid robot line, N12-C under the pseudonym John Calvin. Susan, whose name is changed to Susan Calvin, is not aware that his biological father’s place was taken by a humaniform robot.
2017 A.D.
Birth of Gloria Weston. U.S. Robot places Nate (N8-C) in Manhattan Hasbro Hospital hoping that a humanoid robot coworker will help people accept positronic robots.
2023 A.D.
Production of Robbie.
2025 A.D.
An ordinance is passed in New York to keep all robots off the streets between sunset and sunrise.
2030-2034
Robots are banned on Earth except for scientific experiments.
2032 A.D.
The first Mercury expedition. Gloria Weston gives up Robbie.
2035 A.D.
Susan Calvin begins her psychiatry residency in Manhattan Hasbro Hospital. Susan gets to know the Three Laws of Robotics and joins a research which observes the brain functions of incurable psychiatric patients with nanorobots produced by U.S. Robot. Susan, Remington Hawthorne and the leaders of U.S. Robot discover that the Society for Humanity reprogrammed the nanorobots used for the research to make the research subjects perform acts of terrorism. During fighting the sabotage Remington dies.
2036 A.D.
Susan Calvin and Kendall Stevens begin their second year of residency at the Winter Wine Dementia Facility. The Society for Humanity reach the false conclusion that Susan’s father survived the assassination against him and his wife, so they kill John Calvin. A secret operative group of the Department of Defense code named Cadmium seizes Susan thinking she knows the uncoupling code. They try to force her to reveal the code to be able to turn positronic robots into weapons. Policeman Jake Carson and Kendall help Susan break free from the Cadmium agents. John Calvin’s last message clearly states that it is impossible to uncouple the Three Laws from the positronic brain without irrevocably damaging it. Robbie is dismantled.
2037 A.D.
Cadmium continues looking for the uncoupling code and kills a researcher, framing Nate. Susan Calvin quits her residency to clear Nate. Lawrence Robertson hires Susan at U.S. Robot. Cadmium gets close to Susan, but finally Susan manages to disclose their activities and at the same time prove that the Three Laws are impossible to uncouple from the positronic brain. U.S. Robot realizes that the world is not ready yet for humanoid robots.
2038 A.D.
Susan Calvin becomes robopsychologist.
2042 A.D.
The second Mercury expedition.
???
Under the name Deleon Project, scientists of the Martian colony develop a life extension treatment.
???
Earth lauches generational starships to colonize remote planets. The fate of these ships is unknown.
2051 A.D.
A telepathic robot is accidentally produced at U.S. Robot. Obeying the First Law in accordance with its telepathic ability results in a dilemma which renders the robot useless.
2059 A.D.
NS-2 (Nestor) type robots are used for experiments with Hyperatomic Drive at Hyper Base.
2061 A.D.
Hyperatomic Drive is developed. First successful interstellar (actually intergalactic) journey.
2062 A.D.
Stephen Byerley becomes Mayor of New York.
After 2062 A.D.
Under guidance of Byerley and the newly developed Machines (the first Resident Intelligences = immobile positronic brains) the countries of Earth group into four Regions.
2067 A.D.
Stephen Byerley becomes Regional Co-ordinator.
2074 A.D.
Regions of Earth form a Federation. First World Co-ordinator is Stephen Byerley. Economy of the world is managed by four Machines in coordination; they operate according to the First Law. World economy is stabilised.
2078 A.D.
Stephen Byerley is elected World Co-ordinator for the second time.
2082 A.D.
Susan Calvin states that the Machines apply the First Law to mankind as a whole. This concept will be (re)invented millennia later in Daneel Olivaw’s Zeroth Law.
2087 A.D.
Susan Calvin retires. Her successor, Clinton Madarian develops a new type of robot with intuition.
2088 A.D.
The 56th edition of the Handbook of Robotics is published.
2092 A.D.
From astronomical data Madarian’s intuitive robot deduces which of the Sun’s neighbouring stars have habitable planets. Death of Madarian.
After 2092 A.D.
With the use of hyperdrive mankind begins to swarm out of Earth. People bring along the virus of Chaos to the stars. Through robotic terraforming of several planets (the Outer Worlds) and their population the culture of Spacers arises. The first Spacer world is a planet of Tau Ceti’s system named New Earth. Later it is renamed Aurora. In the beginning the Outer Worlds use robots in limited numbers just as Earth.
2094 A.D.
Death of Susan Calvin.
2098 A.D.
Development of first terraforming nanotech organisms for modification of nonTerran biospheres enables faster colonization. Entire biospheres are reworked to make them suitable for human colonists.
ca. 2100 A.D.
The method of building virtual personality copies is developed. These personalities, dwelling in the virtual world of Internet, meet the progenitors of mankind who teach them how to achieve Immortality without Internet. From then on, Immortals continue to retrieve the dying personalities of selected praiseworthy humans and guide them to their own plain of existence, making them Immortal.
After 2110 A.D.
Having stabilised world economy, the Machines – who consider any further activity on their own part harmful to mankind - gradually cease to function.
2120 A.D.
Imbedded Technologies and Environmental Manipulors, Incorporated, is founded. Advanced nanotech proliferates throughout the extrasolar colonies and begins to make appearances on Earth in numerous industries. Robotics benefits greatly from the extreme miniaturization and biological mimicry of many nanoforms.
2190 A.D.
U.S. Robot accidentally produces a robot with an exceptionally flexible brain. The robot, Andrew becomes property of the Martin family.
2210 A.D.
U.S. Robot once more attempts to root out prejudice against robots, again without much result. Earthpeople accept robots as a part of everyday life only much later.
2220 A.D.
Andrew is declared a free robot.
2290 A.D.
Andrew has his metallic body exchanged to organic, humanoid. He starts to make his body more and more human using self-designed prostheses. The science of prosthetics is greatly advanced by his experiments.
2389 A.D.
In order to be declared human, Andrew makes changes in his brain which will thus allow him to eventually die.
2390 A.D.
Andrew is declared human. Death of Andrew.
3100 A.D.
The first cases of mnemonic plague (also called Burundi’s fever) appear on particular Spacer worlds, primarily on the oldest and most well-established colonies. The plague is a result of a virulent mutation of certain nanoorganisms used for the terraformation of Spacer planets. Burundi’s fever causes a large percent of Spacers to forget their origins and history.
3871 A.D.
Earth allows Spacer worlds to introduce robots to everyday life in unlimited numbers.
3915 A.D.
First outbreaks of nanoplagues on Earth coincide with violent outbreaks of a variety of similar diseases throughout the Spacer Worlds, confusing attempts to determine a source or point of origin. Tensions rise between Earth and the Spacer colonies over who is to blame. General panic caused by the plagues turns Earthpeople against the intertwined science of nanotech and robotics. The use of robots is greatly restricted on Earth. Fleeing plagues and robot persecution a new wave of emigration from Earth slam the Outer Worlds.
3971 A.D.
Outer Worlds limit emigration from Earth.
4021 A.D.
The renaissance on both Earth and the Spacer worlds turns into history’s first chaos outbreak. Overpopulated Earth provokes the Outer Worlds, which declare war against the motherworld. During the resulting Three Weeks’ War (the Great Rebellion) Spacers defeat Earth and declare the Outer Worlds independent planets. Earth is isolated, emigration interdicted.
After 4021 A.D.
During the next milennium Earthpeople escape into metal-covered cities (the caves of steel). The rise of city culture, the introduction of hydroponics and the industrial use of robots outside the cities lessen the population and food problems on Earth. More benign nanotechnology is developed on Earth and on the Outer Worlds and introduced in many fields of industry.
ca. 4050-4600 A.D.
Some experiments with nanotechnology go awry on Earth, producing nanocolonies which begin to destroy their environment as nonorganic parasites. In the end these agressive colonies destroy themselves; only a few aberrant strains are preserved. Earth scientists unravel the puzzle of the nanoplagues and develop a number of successful treatments, eventually bringing them to manageable levels. Spacer scientists begin to make progress against their own nanoplagues, reducing them in number and virulence. Spacer medical technologies and bioscience make enormous strides, increasing lifespans and reducing age-related afflictions.
4620 A.D.
The last major outbreak of mnemonic plague sweeps the younger Spacer worlds, signaling the last wave of virulent disease among them.
ca. 4664-4721 A.D.
New York is replaced with metal-covered New York City.
4693 A.D.
Birth of Rutilan Horder.
4722 A.D.
Settlement of Solaria (fiftieth and last Spacer world) from Nexon begins. Beginning of the slow and almost unrecognizable decline of Spacer culture.
4750 A.D.
Mnemonic plague is reduced to the level of social stigma, largely controlled, nearly eradicated. Direct contact is a prerequisite for contracting it from a carrier. It is rumored that Terrans spread the disease, fueling the anti-Earth sentiment among Spacers.
4822 A.D.
Solaria becomes independent of Nexon.
4835 A.D.
Imbedded Technologies and Environmental Manipulors, Inc. becomes Imbitek.
4858 A.D.
Birth of Han Fastolfe.
4938 A.D.
Birth of Kelden Amadiro.
4963 A.D.
Birth of Vasilia Fastolfe.
ca. 4975 A.D.
Vasilia alters some of the programs of her father’s robot Giskard Reventlov and thus unintentionally provides the robot with telepathic powers without being aware of it.
4979 A.D.
Birth of Elijah Baley. Birth of Lavinia Demachek.
4989 A.D.
Birth of Gladia Delmarre.
4992 A.D.
Birth of Gale Chassik.
4996 A.D.
Spacetown is established near New York City. Thanks to Spacer influence robots are introduced to Earth’s cities.
4998 A.D.
Auroran roboticist Han Fastolfe develops the mathematical method called ’intersectional analysis’, with which he essentially (re)invents the methodology for the fabrication of humaniform robots.
5002 A.D.
Elijah Baley and Jessie Navodny meet.
5005 A.D.
Birth of Bentley (Ben) Baley.
5012 A.D.
Kelden Amadiro founds the Auroran Institute of Robotics.
5021 A.D.
Han Fastolfe and sociologist-historian Roj Nemennuh Sarton foresee the decline of Spacer culture. They want to get Earth to colonize new planets using less robotic service than Spacers. They plan to send humaniform robots to mix among Earth population to understand their way of thinking. The first humaniform robot, Daneel Olivaw, is produced according to Fastolfe’s design. Meeting of Daneel and Elijah Baley.
5022 A.D.
Elijah Baley and Daneel Olivaw investigate a murder case on Solaria. They discover that the crime was committed by roboticist Jothan Leebig, who planned to build spaceships with positronic brains. A fleet of these ships could protect the pathologically misanthropic society of Solaria from any potential outside threat. Leebig commits suicide. Fastolfe becomes an influential member of the Auroran government and strongly supports new Earth emigration. His Auroran opponents led by Kelden Amadiro want to terraform and populate new planets from Aurora instead of Earth. A group of Earthpeople led by Baley train to live outside the city domes to be able to colonize new planets.
5023 A.D.
Elijah helps Daneel with solving a dispute between two mathematicians.
5024 A.D.
Amy Barone-Stein joins Baley’s would-be settlers. Baley investigates a case of roboticide on Aurora accompanied by Daneel and Giskard Reventlov. In the background of the ‘murder’ lies the power struggle between Fastolfe and his opponents over the new colonization. Finally Aurora allows the Earth to terraform new planets and will provide technical support for the task. Giskard thinks Earthpeople must settle on worlds without robots to evade the fate of Spacers. Giskard describes the idea of psychohistory, a science that can foretell events of the future.
5026 A.D.
The second swarm of humans from Earth begins with Auroran support. They use no robotic service at all. The first colonist group is lead by Ben Baley. The first terraformed (so called Settler) planet will later be called Baleyworld. Earth plans to ban use of robots inside its cities.
5028 A.D.
There are already twenty-four Settler planets. The relationship between the Settler and Spacer worlds becomes increasingly hostile.
5029 A.D.
Elijah Baley moves to Baleyworld.
???
Robots are banned from Earth’s cities. Technologies based on aggressive, self-programming nano-machines are also abandoned. The Hunter Group (the legal face of the crime syndicate of arms dealer Kynig Parapoyos) is founded on an undisclosed Settler world.
5058 A.D.
Death of Elijah Baley.
5101 A.D.
Birth of Benen Yarick.
5132 A.D.
The Church of Organic Sapiens is founded.
5156 A.D.
Birth of Jonis Taprin.
5162 A.D.
Improvo Shipping and Storage is founded.
5168 A.D.
Birth of Sindra Lambid.
Upon an agreement between Solaria and a Settler company Settlers begin to colonize the planet Cassus Thole, a former Solarian mining venture. Solaria keeps only one establishment for itself, far from the Settler towns.
5171 A.D.
Birth of Jerem Looms. He turns out to have UPD.
5172 A.D.
A lab is founded on Earth to research the nanocolonies which infect infants and cause UPD. The name of the lab is Nova Levis.
5173 A.D.
A sister lab of Nova Levis is established on Cassus Thole. Kynig Parapoyos’s researchers start to develop new infectious agents (along with their cures) in the lab. They test their products on the planet’s population in secret. They plan to infect the people of newly colonized Settler planets with their newly developed agents, and later make enormous profits by selling their treatments. The planet is later renamed Nova Levis. Thanks to Parapoyos’ organization Nova Levis gradually grows to be the center of illegal trade.
5174 A.D.
Rega Looms is informed of the death of Jerem.
5175 A.D.
Children are kidnapped throughout Earth, UPDs among them. Ree Wenithal begins to investigate the problem. The children are secretly transported to Nova Levis where Parapoyos’ researchers produce cyborgs from them.
5176 A.D.
Nova Levis lab on Earth starts to research the practice of nonorganic-organic symbiosis in earnest. Unsuccessful cyborgs are simply left on their own in the wilderness. Most die but some manage to stay alive.
5178 A.D.
Ree Wenithal traces the stolen children to Nova Levis lab on Earth. He is then stopped in his investigation.
5180 A.D.
Earth’s Nova Levis lab is closed.
5182 A.D.
Rega Looms becomes director of the Church of Organic Sapiens. Gale Chassik is named Solarian ambassador to Earth.
5183 A.D.
Birth of D.G. Baley.
5195 A.D.
Relationship between Earth and Aurora improves.
5197 A.D.
After graduating from the Calvin Institute, Ariel Burgess takes a position as the Calvin liaison to the Auroran embassy on Earth. That same year, Derec Avery petitions the Terran government for a special license to operate a positronic research lab on Earth called Phylaxis. He becomes instrumental in new attempts to reintroduce positronics to Earth’s cities.
5198 A.D.
Auroran patrols check the Terran smuggler ship Tiberius; it turns out to be carrying several Solarian positronic experts and geneticists to Nova Levis. Nova Levis turns down requests to carry out investigations on the planet. Later that same year, Derec Avery completes construction of Bogard, a robot with extremely flexible Three Law parameters, enabling him to act as a bodyguard without running into positronic collapse.
5199 A.D.
Terran senator Clar Eliton invites Spacer and Settler diplomats to discuss the possible reintroduction of robots on Earth and in Settler space trade; in the meantime Eliton organizes an assassination attempt against the diplomats in order to completely discredit robots on Earth. Derec Avery’s robot Bogard proves instrumental in solving the crime. After the assassination most of the diplomats of the Fifty Worlds leave Earth. A smuggler ship leaving Nova Levis fires on a Terran patrol ship. Earth blockades Nova Levis.
5200 A.D.
A group of people illegally emigrating from Earth to Nova Levis are killed. Investigations suggest the involvement of Solaria and Nova Levis. A cyborg (who was once Jerem Looms) named Gamelin appears on Earth.
5201 A.D.
An investigation by Derec Avery and Ariel Burgess leads to the discovery of the manufacture of cyborgs and new infections by arms dealer Kynig Parapoyos on planet Nova Levis. It is revealed that Parapoyos is really Ambassador Gale Chassik. Parapoyos’s lab is dismantled and closed. The wild cyborgs of Nova Levis capture Parapoyos, but in the end forgive him and later make him a cyborg. Government of the planet is taken over by a Terran-Spacer coalition.
5202 A.D.
The autonomous robot Bogard assumes control of the Parapoyos organization. It begins a program, in concert with a faction of Spacer robots, to isolate Spacers in order to allow them to die out. This is a result of the determination that the millennia of coexistence with numerous mutated nanoforms has altered them genetically to a condition where they represent a potential new species. Robots are dedicated to service to Homo sapiens and cannot have two masters.
5205 A.D.
The Terran Nucleomorph company purchases and reinstalls Parapoyos’s lab on Nova Levis. They secretly start to transform the untreatably ill citizens of the planet into cyborgs. Their purpose is to gain citizen’s rights for the growing number of cyborgs first on Nova Levis, then on other Settler worlds so that in the end the long-lived, strong cyborgs and the leaders of Nucleomorph could join forces and obtain key positions within human society everywhere. To draw attention away from the cyborg movement Kynig Parapoyos first kills Jonis Taprin, and then afterwards Aurora’s Chief of Planetary Security Pon Byris on Kopernik Station. Bogard’s group thinks the cyborgs’ aims endanger mankind’s existence, so according to a vaguely formed law of robotics (Daneel and Giskard’s later Zeroth Law) they manipulate Nova Levis’s and Earth’s leaders to have Earth send a strike force to Nova Levis. The Terran army obliterates the cyborg city and the Nucleomorph lab. Kynig Parapoyos is killed. The coalition government of Nova Levis is toppled, an independent Settler government takes control over the planet.
5217 A.D.
Kelden Amadiro and his group begin planting nuclear amplifiers throughout Earth to take revenge for their defeat.
5222 A.D.
Death of Han Fastolfe. Anti-Earth and anti-Settler movement on Aurora gains momentum. Solaria terminates all communication with other worlds. Number and strength of Settler worlds grows fast. Daneel and Giskard formulate the Zeroth Law of Robotics. They realize they will need a working psychohistory to steer human history according to the Zeroth Law. Amadiro's group turn their amplifiers on to make Earth radioactive and inhospitable. Giskard lets them proceed, rationalizing that the poisoning of Earth will speed up the Settler swarm and do humanity good in the long run. His decision, however, creates an internal conflict between the Zeroth and the First Law, which ultimately leads to his own death. Giskard provides Daneel with telepathic abilities, then becomes inoperational and dies. Settler emigration grows to enormous numbers: beginning of the Great Diaspora. Settlers carry the Chaos virus everywhere.
???
Amadiro builds R. Plussix.
???
A majority of robots split into two camps. ‘Giskardians’ led by Daneel believe in the new Zeroth Law religion. The others – ‘Calvinians’, Plussix among them, consider their meddling with human affairs according to the Zeroth Law to be an outrage. A robotic civil war ensues, mostly unseen by humans fleeing the sudden poisoning of Earth. Meanwhile fleets of robots – operating under Auroran programming – begin cruising the galaxy ahead of the spreading Settlers, terraforming and preparing planets for colonization. Several nonhuman intelligent races, as well as complete ecosystems are destroyed by robot terraformers. On some planets the robot terraformers discover computer civilizations, remnants of once-great nonhuman cultures. The Auroran robots try to destroy the beings of these civilizations, the meme entities, as potential threaths. Some of the memes escape to the Galactic Core.
5272 A.D.
Birth of Chanto Grieg.
5287 A.D.
Birth of Fredda Leving.
5292 A.D.
Death of Davirnik Gidi.
5296 A.D.
Birth of Ottley Bissal.
5321 A.D.
The Spacer planet Inferno is threatened by both an ecological and a cultural catastrophe. To avoid the ecological catastrophe, the planet’s new governor, Chanto Grieg asks a group of Settler specialists to reterraform the planet.
5322 A.D.
Gubber Anshaw invents the gravitonic brain, which is faster than the positronic and does not need the Three Laws of Robotics to operate. To evade the cultural crisis Fredda Leving designs and builds robots with gravitonic brains that operate with New Laws, giving them greater freedom and flexibility. To test the operation of the New Laws she builds the No Law robot Caliban.
5323 A.D.
Chanto Grieg is killed. Alvar Kresh becomes new governor of Inferno. Ottley Bissal is killed. The failure of the New Laws becomes clear. Reterraformation of Inferno begins.
5325 A.D.
Alvar Kresh and Fredda Leving get married.
5328 A.D.
An ice-comet is crashed onto Inferno's surface in order to stabilize the ecosystem and to speed up the reterraformation process. Cultural crisis is deterred by the merging of Spacers and the Settler terraformers.
ca. 5330 A.D.
Colonization of Gaia begins with the help of Daneel and his followers. First colonists (Gladia Delmarre among them) are Auroran emigrants, followed by people from other planets. Daneel teaches telepathy to Gaians immigrants. His goal is to form a planetwide communal mind which might come to offer a solution for the troubles of history.
ca. 5570 A.D.
Arrival of the first Settlers to Bae Nogora, later named Bangor.
ca. 5660 A.D.
The Great Shrine of Nidaia is built in the Red Hills region of Bangor.
5865 A.D.
R. Hiram is built on Pallas.
???
The interstellar robot civil war eventually reaches Inferno. Some New Law robots fall victim of the war.
???
Spacer worlds turn into themselves and steadily die out through the millennia. Settler culture gradually colonizes the Galaxy. Damping effects such as historical amnesia, brain fever and giskardian mentalic persuasion devices are introduced by Daneel and his followers to fight chaos. As a result human mind, society and technology stagnates for millennia. Some human and robot groups (including the Maserd family) fight the amnesia. Later they are for the most part defeated by Giskardians. Robots are forgotten by all but a few humans who – unknown to mankind – continue to cooperate with heretic robots.
???
Daneel and his followers play an important role in formulating the Encoding Laws that will set the highest limits for the production of artificial intelligence. As a result, Settler society will never think of building robots. This is one of the first great ‘damping mechanisms’ that help prevent chaos.
???
Life expectancy progressively shortens among originally long-lived inhabitants of the dying Spacer worlds. Auroran Manfred Jasonian and his followers (the Jasonians) discover documents of the Martian Deleon Project and develop new life extension methods based on them. Ostracized by Auroran public opinion, the Jasonians are later forced to relocate to Baleyworld.
ca. 7000 A.D. = ca. 6000 B.G.E. (Before Galactic Era)
Trantor is settled.
ca. 7100 A.D. = ca. 5900 B.G.E.
Caliban leaves Inferno.
ca. 7300 A.D. = ca. 5700 B.G.E.
The ecosystem of Inferno collapses. The planet is evacuated.
ca. 7570 A.D. = ca.5430 B.G.E.
R. Salamaca Norvatosh is build on Aurora.
ca. 7730 A.D. = ca. 5270 B.G.E.
The last Spacer worlds are abandoned, their inhabitants merging into Settler cultures. The "Mycogenian Diaspora" of Aurorans establishes colonies on several planets, including the Mycogen Sector on growing Trantor. Daneel informs all robots that they must not serve people as this retards the progress of mankind. Humaniform robots mix into Settler culture unnoticed, biding their time while waiting to be allowed to return.
ca. 8000 A.D. = ca. 5000 B.G.E.
Fleeing Settler intolerance towards the science of life-extension, Betta Jasonian (daughter of Manfred) and her followers relocate from Baleyworld to the Mycogen sector of Trantor where they continue their research on longevity (their lives are now twice the length of the longest-ever Spacer life) unbeknownst to fellow Mycogenians.
ca. 8070 A.D. = ca. 4930 B.G.E.
Fearing the imminent crash of a giant meteor, the last 40000 Auroran families mass evacuate to the Mycogen sector of Trantor. With Marat’s help, Daneel and Caliban save the half million robots left behind on Aurora by their masters. The meteor ultimately misses Aurora, leaving it unscathed.
ca. 9500 A.D. = ca. 4000 B.G.E.
Daneel and his companions begin the manipulation of Trantor and its neighboring kingdoms so that one day they will become allies. This, they hope, will create the nuclues of a galactic empire that can provide safety for mankind.
2200 B.G.E. ( = 10 800 A.D.)
Caliban gets a humaniform body from Daneel.
1960 B.G.E. ( = 11 040 A.D.)
Settling of planet Tyrann.
1930 B.G.E. ( = 11 070 A.D.)
Lodovik Trema is built.
1550 B.G.E. ( = 11 450 A.D.)
Caliban moves to Bohavia.
1500 B.G.E. ( = 11 500 A.D.)
Caliban becomes leader of Bohavia.
1470 B.G.E. ( = 11 530 A.D.)
Caliban resigns from the leadership of Bohavia.
1260-1250 B.G.E. ( = 11 740 – 11 750 A.D.)
Tyrann conquers the Nebular Kingdoms.
1223 B.G.E. ( = 11 777 A.D.)
Birth of Biron Farrill.
1220 B.G.E. ( = 11 780 A.D.)
The Tyranni elect Hinrik V as Director of Rhodia.
1200 B.G.E. ( = 11 800 A.D.)
Planet Rhodia and the Nebular Kingdoms, led by the noble Hinriad family, shake off rule by planet Tyrann and rediscover democracy. Beginning of the colonization of planet Sark.
ca. 1000 B.G.E. ( = 12 000 A.D.)
Daneel transports apes from Earth to Panucopia. Here he starts genetic experiments on them to create a new version of humanity which he hopes could fit better within the parameters of the Zeroth Law. The experiments are a failure.
700 B.G.E. ( = 12 300 A.D.)
The Trantorian Republic of five worlds begins to grow; later becomes Trantorian Confederation and still later into the Trantorian Empire. Daneel uses an early version of the ‘laws of humanics’ (precursor to psychohistory developed with Giskard) to guide it. Sark's inhabitants discover planet Florina's natural treasure, Kyrt. They conquer Florina and by producing kyrt they make Sark incredibly wealthy throught the centuries.
???
The origin of mankind is forgotten. Planet Earth becomes one of the many millions of inhabited planets.
200 B.G.E. ( = 12 800 A.D.)
Half of the inhabited worlds of the Galaxy are part of Trantorian Empire. Trantor is on the point of forming the Galactic Empire. Trantor financially supports rebellion of Florina against oppression by planet Sark.
ca. 180 B.G.E. ( = 12 820 A.D.)
The civilized worlds of Ophiucus sink into barbarism.
before 164 B.G.E. ( =before 12 836 A.D.)
The Greane Federation conquers the solar system of Bangor. Bangorans begin the Aerith Project to repel the Federation.
164 B.G.E. ( = 12 836 A.D.)
Greane Federation engineers begin converting the Red Hills desert region of Bangor to a water-lush paradise without consulting the natives.
162 B.G.E. ( = 12 838 A.D.)
The Red Hills Project turns the region into the Green Hills, but the most sacred ground of the Bangorans is desecrated in the process. Bianco Lomo is sent from Bangor IV to investigate the Aerith Project and to assess the sustainability of the Red Hills Project. Char Yui and 100 of his Bangoran soldiers undergo genetic alterations to make them superstrong soldiers against the Greane conquest. Char Yui adopts the name Nogora.
160 B.G.E. ( = 12 840 A.D.)
Char Yui and his Nogoras attack the forces of Bianco Lomo; while deploying the Aerith weapon, they drive the Greane Federation out of the Bangor system.
before 146 B.G.E. ( = before 12 854 A.D.)
The Greane Federation is torn by civil war. Without hopes of an evacuation, the remnants of the Greane Federation soldiers begin integrating into Bangoran society.
146 B.G.E. ( = 12 854 A.D.)
The first news arrives to Bangor about plans to integrate the planets of the Galaxy into a single empire. The Nogoras reject the idea of having another foreign occupation after driving out the Greane Federation.
76 B.G.E. ( = 12 924 A.D.)
Agents of a foreign organization, Destiny’s Warriors (later called Destine Security) appear on Bangor to capture and deport the Nogoras off-planet. Destiny’s Warriors is financed by the nascent Galactic Empire to facilitate Bangor’s assimilation.
62 B.G.E. ( = 12 938 A.D.)
Bangor joins the nascent Galactic Empire. Destine Security continues its activities of capturing and deporting Nogoras off Bangor over the ensuing millennia, more and more out of self-justification than out of real political necessity. The Nogoras unsuccessfully revolt time and again, while average Bangoran citizens continue living out their everyday lives.
46 B.G.E. ( = 12 954 A.D.)
Gyron Tanner marries Liea Yui and starts developing an antidote to the drug used by Destine Security for curbing the strength of captured Nogoras.
20 B.G.E. ( = 12 980 A.D.)
Death of Liea Yui.
9 B.G.E. ( = 12 991 A.D.)
Birth of the daughter of Franso Solis: Empress Nesta I.
5 B.G.E. ( = 12 995 A.D.)
During a coup Franso Solis has 80% of the corrupt senate of the Trantorian Empire slaughtered. Solis defeats his fellow quintumvirs on the ensuing civil war.
1 G.E. ( = ca. 13 000 A.D.) (ca. 8000 years after the Great Diaspora)
Franso Solis declares the Galactic Empire and becomes emperor Frankenn I. He founds the Kamble Dynasty. Beginning of the galactic calendar. (G.E. = Galactic Era)
38 G.E. ( = 13 038 A.D.)
Ashon Darr compiles Halos of Dawn.
750 G.E. ( = 13 750 A.D.)
Second Earth rebellion against Empire.
771 G.E. ( = 13 771 A.D.)
Birth of Affret Shekt.
772 G.E. ( = 13 772 A.D.)
Birth of Grew.
775 G.E. ( = 13 775 A.D.)
Beginning of rule of Stannell II.
777 G.E. ( = 13 777 A.D.)
Demonstrating his might, Stannell II provokes revolt in Washenn, Earth (third Earth rebellion against the Empire). Stannell II is assassinated. Edard ascends the galactic throne and consolidates the situation on Earth by peaceful means.
ca. 780-790 G.E. ( = 13 780 – 13 790 A.D.)
Civil War in the Galactic Empire.
787 G.E. ( = 13 787 A.D.)
Birth of Lord Ennius.
792 G.E. ( = 13 792 A.D.)
Birth of Bel Arvardan.
817 G.E. ( = 13 817 A.D.)
Earth scientists isolate the virus of Common Fever.
827 G.E. ( = 13 827 A.D.)
Arrival of Joseph Schwartz through time. A radioactive and sparsely populated Earth tries to revolt against the Empire using a bio-weapon (an extremely aggressive type of the chaos virus). The rebellion fails, thanks partly to Schwarz and Daneel's agent R. Gornon Vlimt. Reclamation of Earth’s toxic, radioactive soil for healthy begins with Imperial support.
???
Fall of Kandar V. Rejuvenation of Earth’s radioactive soil is abandoned.
ca. 900 G.E. ( = 13 900 A.D.)
Forced evacuation of contaminated Earth begins.
975 G.E. ( = 13 975 A.D.)
An intelligent species is discovered on a desert planet. This species is transported to Cepheus 18.
978 G.E. ( = 13 978 A.D.)
The alien species of Cepheus 18 mysteriously escape beyond the Galaxy aided by a sympathetic bureaucrat of the Empire.
ca. 2000 G.E. ( = 15 000 A.D.)
Daneel Olivaw and R. Yan Kansarv establish a robot production and repair facility on the moon Eos. Ruellis helps establish principles of good paternalistic government, augmenting the stability of an unchanging society against chaos (another of Daneel's damping mechanisms).
???
Anacreon is settled, partly by migration from Bangor.
ca. 2550 G.E. ( = ca. 15 550 A.D.)
Rule of Emperor Sanor.
ca. 3000 G.E. ( = 16 000 A.D.)
Public debate of personality simulations Voltaire and Joan of Arc regarding machine intelligence during a chaos outbreak. With the support of Calvinian robots the Empress Shoree-Harn ascends the imperial throne; she unsuccessfully attempts to introduce a new calendar and shake up all forms of social rigidity.
Gaia begins storing organized historical data.
3015 G.E. ( = 16 015 A.D.)
The last humans evacuated from radioactive Earth settle on Alpha.
ca. 7000 G.E. ( = 20 000 A.D.)
The Dacian Dynasty rules the Empire.
ca. 8000 G.E. ( = 21 000 A.D.)
After long genetic experimentation, Solarians finally turn themselves into hermaphrodites.
8045-8068 G.E. ( = 21 045 – 21 068 A.D.)
A commission of 300 authors collect all the tales and legends about Immortals into several volumes.
8789 G.E. ( = 21 789 A.D.)
New renaissance begins on planet Lingane.
8797 G.E. ( = 21 797 A.D.)
Lingane renaissance falls into chaos
ca. 9550 G.E. ( = ca. 22 550 A.D.)
Rule of the Vuis dynasty over the planet Tylm.
ca. 9600 G.E. ( = 22 600 A.D.)
Globalist movement on Helicon.
ca. 10 050-10 092 ( = 23 050 - 23 092 A.D.)
Rule of Agis VI.
ca. 10 250 ( = 23 250 A.D.)
Rule of Loris VI.
ca. 11 060 ( = 24 060 A.D.)
The settling of Huylen.
11567 G.E. ( = 24 567 A.D.)
Themis is built on Solaria.
11 865 G.E. ( = 24 865 A.D.)
Knowing that mankind is harmed by robotic service, Daneel and Caliban devise a long-term plan for liberating all robots. As a first step, they construct Dors Venabili, whose positronic brain is equipped with a flexible hybrid of the Four Laws and the New Laws. Daneel and Caliban ask Gaia to develop a means of shutting down all robotic laws in every robot type.
ca. 11 867 G.E. ( = 24 867 A.D.)
The only extragalactic human colony is abandoned in the Greater Magellanic Cloud. All data suppressed.
11 953 G.E. ( = 24 953 A.D.)
Birth of Mycelium Seventy-Two.
11 956 G.E. ( = 24 956 A.D.)
The Zeonian rebellion.
ca. 11 968 G.E. ( = 24 968 A.D.)
Daneel performs genetic experiments on a group of humans, which leads to the enhancement of telepathic abilities and the birth of a man who is capable of developing psychohistory.
ca. 11 970 G.E. ( = 24 970 A.D.)
The Empire establishes mining stations in the Rhea Alta System, neighbouring Cantera.
11 980 G.E. ( = 24 980 A.D.)
Mannix IV becomes lord mayor in the sector of Wye, Trantor.
11 988 G.E. ( = 24 988 A.D.)
Birth of Hari Seldon and Cleon I. Daneel knows the Empire is failing, partly due to frequent chaos outbreaks. He is forced by Zeroth Law to actively intervene, first as Chief of Staff, then as First Minister. Daneel informs robots living among humans about the imminent collapse of the Empire. Upon this news, robots begin leaving human worlds, Calvinians moving to Isenklod, Giskardians to Hesperos, New Laws and No Laws to the Sol System.
11 990 G.E. ( = 24 990 A.D.)
Birth of Joramis Palver.
11 999 G.E. ( = 24 999 A.D.)
Birth of Yugo Amaryl.
12 008 G.E. ( = 25 008 A.D.)
Birth of Raych.
12 010 G.E. ( = 25 010 A.D.)
Death of Daluben IV. Cleon I becomes Emperor.
12 012 G.E. ( = 25 012 A.D.)
Birth of Tamwile Elar.
12 017 G.E. ( = 25 017 A.D.)
New renaissance begins on Madder Loss.
12 018 G.E. ( = 25 018 A.D.)
The theory of psychohistory forms in Hari Seldon’ mind.
12 020 G.E. ( = 25 020 A.D.)
Hari Seldon lectures on possibility of psychohistory. Daneel persuades him to develop it as a practical science to help save the Empire. In the guise of First Minister Eto Demerzel he supports Seldon’s work. Dors Venabili becomes Seldon’s wife. They adopt a boy, Raych. Seldon and Yugo Amaryl begin to flesh out psychohistory.
12 023 G.E. ( = 25 023 A.D.)
Birth of Bor Alurin.
12 025 G.E. ( = 25 025 A.D.)
Laskin Joranum unleashes social unrest on Trantor.
12 028 G.E. ( = 25 028 A.D.)
A group of Calvinian robots, led by R. Plussix, move to Trantor and find historical documents dating from the era of Shoree-Harn, as well as the sims Voltaire and Joan of Arc. They relocate the sims to planet Sark to help seed a new renaissance there, in order to thwart Daneel’s efforts. Seldon helps to remove Laskin Joranum from politics. Eto Demerzel (Daneel) resigns his post. Cleon I makes Seldon First Minister. A New Renaissance begins on the planet Sark. Voltaire and Joan get into the Trantorian Mesh where they meet a host of ancient memes. To avenge the destruction of their original homes the memes cause a rebellion among the tiktoks, helping to kill many of Daneel’s robot companions. The memes move back to the Galactic Core. The renaissance on Sark elapses into chaos.
12 032 G.E. ( = 25 032 A.D.)
On Sterrad, Nikolo Pas declares that artificial humans, robots have infiltrated the state apparatus and plan to start a rebellion. During the resulting general panic, he has 50 billion people slaughtered on Sterrad along with the neighboring planets.
12 037 G.E. ( = 25 037 A.D.)
The collapse of the Madder Loss renaissance rocks Galactic society.
Digging of a new heatsink starts in sector Dahl of Trantor.
Death of Laskin Joranum.
12 038 G.E. ( = 25 038 A.D.)
Death of Cleon I. A military junta seizes power. Seldon resigns as First Minister.
12 040 G.E. ( = 25 040 A.D.)
Birth of Wanda Seldon, daughter of Raych Seldon and Manella Dubanqua.
12 044 G.E. ( = 25 044 A.D.)
Tamwile Elar joins Seldon’s group. Birth of Rial Nevas.
12 045 G.E. ( = 25 045 A.D.)
Cinda Monay joins Seldon’s group.
12 048 G.E. ( = 25 048 A.D.)
Tamwile Elar tries to remove Seldon from chairmanship of the Psychohistory Project. Dors kills Elar, but suffers mental breakdown. Daneel and Caliban repair Dors and discover that she has unconsciously bypassed all her built-in Laws and has become a No Law robot. Fall of the junta. Puppet-Emperor Agis XIV ascends the throne. Sovereignity is vested in the hands of the Commission of Public Safety led by Chief Commissioner Linge Chen.
12 049 G.E. ( = 25 049 A.D.)
Death of Nikolo Pas.
12 050 G.E. ( = 25 050 A.D.)
Birth of Klayus I.
12 051 G.E. ( = 25 051 A.D.)
Birth of Klia Asgar.
12 052 G.E. ( = 25 052 A.D.)
Birth of Bellis Seldon, second child of Raych and Manella. Hari Seldon discovers Wanda’s mental abilities, and tries to find others with the same abilities: without success. Signs of general decline show throughout the Empire.
12 053 G.E. ( = 25 053 A.D.)
Birth of Jeni Cuicet.
12 054 G.E. ( = 25 054 A.D.)
Psychohistorical equations predict the unavoidable collapse of the Empire. Seldon works out plan to preserve human knowledge, and create a Second Empire via the Foundation. In full knowledge of the history-shaping presence of robots (and that of Gaia later), Seldon factors these branches of humanity into his calculations in such a way that their existence cannot be discerned from the equations. Death of Yugo Amaryl.
12 057 G.E. ( = 25 057 A.D.)
The newly completed heatsink of Dahl collapses, killing hundreds of thousands.
12 058 G.E. ( = 25 058 A.D.)
Raych, Manella and Bellis move to Santanni where a new renaissance has begun. Anacreon province seeks independence. Seldon finds the place for his Foundation: the planet Terminus, on the edge of the galaxy. Chaos breaks out on Santanni. Raych dies; his family is lost in space. Stettin Palver, another mentalic joins the Seldon Project, followed by Bor Alurin. In the future, the mentalics will form the Second Foundation. The Commission of Public Safety begins to watch Seldon.
12 062 G.E. ( = 25 062 A.D.)
Vara Liso, a strong mentalic learns about the existence of robots. Learning this, Farad Sinter begins to hunt for robots.
12 066 G.E. ( = 25 066 A.D.)
Kale’s Star goes supernova.
12 067 G.E. = 1 F.E. ( = 25 067 A.D.)
Klayus I sits on the imperial throne, but real power remains with the Commission of Public Safety. Giskardian robot Lodovik Trema becomes accidentally liberated from the compulsion to obey the Laws of Robotics. He questions the rightness of Zeroth Law and the lack of human consultation in their own destiny. Calvinian robots want Seldon to abandon his Project to stop Daneel from directing history. Death of R. Plussix. Gaal Dornick joins the Seldon Project. The Commission of Public Safety puts Seldon on trial and exiles the Encyclopedia Foundation to Terminus. Farad Sinter’s soldiers destroy the base of Calvinian robots. Lodovik rejoins Daneel. The Second Foundation goes into hiding at Star’s End. Beginning of the Foundation calendar. (F.E. = Foundation Era)
Originist Leyel Forska wants to join First Foundation, but Seldon turns him down.
12 068 G.E. = 2 F.E. ( = 25 068 A.D.)
Reign of puppet Emperor Semrin. First Foundation (consisting mostly of technical experts and their families) gets "exiled" to Terminus and begins compiling the Encyclopedia Galactica. Compelled by Zeroth Law, Daneel destroys millions of ancient archives which were originally devised to combat human amnesia. A new renaissance on Ktlina falls into chaos. R. Gornon Vlimt attempts to send Seldon into the future to judge Daneel's plan and the projections of psychohistory, but his plan is foiled by Daneel. Mors Planch (and possibly Biron Maserd) dive into the future.
12 069 G.E. = 3 F.E. ( = 25 069 A.D.)
Death of Hari Seldon. Leyel Forska joins the Second Foundation. Linge Chen dies, Rom Divart takes his place in the Commission of Public Safety. To strengthen his power, Divart concentrates his on Trantor and its vicinity. Secession begins at the Empire’s Periphery.
14 F.E. (12 080 G.E. = 25 080 A.D.)
Birth of Yohan Lee.
18 F.E. (12 084 G.E. = 25 084 A.D.)
Birth of Salvor Hardin.
50 F.E. (12 116 G.E. = 25 116 A.D.)
Anacreon declares independence, separating Terminus from the Empire. Seldon’s hologram in the Terminus Time Vault explains the true purpose of the Foundation. Anacreon establishes a military base on Terminus with the aim of annexation. Terminus institutes a policy of providing equal scientific support to neighbouring kingdoms, thereby balancing the might of all four kingdoms.
65 F.E. (12 131 G.E. = 25 131 A.D.)
Birth of Lepold.
80 F.E. (12 146 G.E. = 25 146 A.D.)
The Foundation wards off the Anacreon threat, and signs a treaty with the neighbouring kingdoms to live in peaceful coexistence. The Foundation begins to trade sophisticated industrial goods in the Periphery. As its economic influence grows, the Foundation invents a pseudo-religion to control hostile centers of power.
105 F.E. (12 171 G.E. = 25 171 A.D.)
Death of Stannell VI.
135 F.E. (12 201 G.E. = 25 201 A.D.)
The Foundation draws the planet Askone into its economic sphere of influence.
155 F.E. (12 221 G.E. = 25 221 A.D.)
Imperial atomic weapons appear in the Republic of Korell, adjacent with the Foundation’s zone of influence.
158 F.E. (12 224 G.E. = 25 224 A.D.)
Korell declares war on the Foundation.
161 F.E. (12 227 G.E. = 25 227 A.D.)
After three years of mostly economic warfare the Korellian economy collapses. Korell becomes part of the Foundation. Birth of Bel Riose.
170 F.E. (12 236 G.E. = 25 236 A.D.)
Cleon II becomes emperor on Trantor.
185 F.E. (12 251 G.E. = 25 251 A.D.)
Imperial cadet Bel Riose saves two spaceships from destruction near the Lemul Cluster. He is promoted. Later he becomes a general.
195 F.E. (12 261 G.E. = 25 261 A.D.)
The Empire ruled by Cleon II recoups some of its strength. Imperial general Bel Riose launches a campaign against the Foundation.
196 F.E. (12 262 G.E. = 25 262 A.D.)
Riose conquers great tracts of territory. Cleon II – paranoid over any powerful military leader’s desire to seize the throne – calls Riose and his fleet back.
200 F.E. (12 266 G.E. = 25 266 A.D.)
Caliban visits Mituni.
210 F.E. (12 276 G.E. = 25 276 A.D.)
End of Cleon II’s rule.
230 F.E. (12 296 G.E. = 25 296 A.D.)
Death of Lathan Devers.
245 F.E. (12 311 G.E. = 25 311 A.D.)
Birth of Dagobert IX.
251 F.E. (12 317 G.E. = 25 317 A.D.)
Birth of Franssart Darell.
267 F.E. (12 333 = 25 333 A.D.)
Birth of Han Pritcher.
270 F.E. (12 336 G.E. = 25 336 A.D.)
Dagobert VIII rules remnant Empire. The rebel Gilmer conquers and sacks Trantor (the Great Sack). Dagobert VIII and his son escape to Delicass. First Speaker Yokim Sarns and the Second Foundation protect the Galactic Library and University, then sign a peace-treaty with Gilmer. Fleeing the Sack, inhabitants of Mycogen scatter to other planets.
283 F.E. (12 349 G.E. = 25 349 A.D.)
Birth of the Mule, a mutant with unusually strong telepathic abilities, on Sartonal.
286 F.E. (12 352 G.E. = 25 352 A.D.)
Birth of Bayta (Darell). Birth of Bail Channis.
293 F.E. (12 359 G.E. = 25 359 A.D.)
Han Pritcher joins the army.
303 F.E. (12 369 G.E. = 25 369 A.D.)
The Mule leaves Sartonal and using his mentalic abilities he sets out to conquer the Galaxy.
308 F.E. (12 374 G.E. = 25 374 A.D.)
Stellar Winds, an enterprise of Daneel contracts to run Bangor IV for stellar and solar observations.
309 F.E. (12 375 G.E. = 25 375 A.D.)
Birth of Preem Palver.
310 F.E. (12 376 G.E. = 25 376 A.D.)
Empire of Dagobert IX has shrunk to twenty worlds. Its capital is Neotrantor (formerly Delicass). The Foundation has grown into a major power. The Mule conquers the Foundation, knocking Seldon Plan off course. Psychologist Ebling Mis locates the Second Foundation. Bayta Darell shoots Mis before he could reveal location of the Second Foundation to the Mule. The Mule establishes the Union of Worlds, and searches for the Second Foundation.
315 F.E. ( = 25 381 A.D.)
Members of the Second Foundation mentalically alter the Mule, who then gives up further conquest and the search for the Second Foundation.
320 F.E. ( = 25 386 A.D.)
Death of the Mule. The Foundation regains its earlier strength, but also begins studying neglected mental sciences. This endangers the Seldon Plan. At the same time, the Speakers of the Second Foundation start putting more emphasis on developing telepathy – letting the science of psychohistory, gradually, over the next centuries, adhere to the domain of Second Foundation technicians.
347 F.E. ( = 25 413 A.D.)
Birth of Pelleas Anthor.
351 F.E. ( = 25 417 A.D.)
Preem Palver becomes nineteenth First Speaker of the Second Foundation.
362 F.E. ( = 25 428 A.D.)
Birth of Arcadia Darell.
376 F.E. ( = 25 442 A.D.)
The Foundation searches for the Second Foundation, fearing its mentalic rule. The planet Kalgan instigates a war against the Foundation.
377 F.E. ( = 25 443 A.D.)
The Foundation defeats Kalgan. Diverting the Foundation's search with a ruse, the Second Foundation maintains its secret existence on Trantor (Star’s End).
???
Gaia – which by now has grown into a planetary collective – begins to watch the Foundations.
???
Bangor becomes part of the Arian Federation.
401 F.E. ( = 25 467 A.D.)
The ship Half Shell is built. ’Birth’ of its guiding intelligence Venus (later Aphrodite).
405 F.E. ( = 25 471 A.D.)
Birth of Dom.
???
Kol Benjoam becomes twenty-first First Speaker of the Second Foundation.
436 F.E. ( = 25 502 A.D.)
Birth of Harla Branno.
443 F.E. ( = 25 509 A.D.)
Death of Arcadia Darell.
444 F.E. ( = 25 510 A.D.)
Birth of Liono Kodell. Birth of Littoral Thoobing.
446 F.E. ( = 25 512 A.D.)
To better understand the way of humans, Caliban, for a period of time, intentionally makes himself forget he is a robot. He designs and implants an amnesia chip in his brain, and goes on to live a full human life as Janov Pelorat. Creation of the Janov Pelorat persona.
453 F.E. ( = 25 519 A.D.)
Birth of Mitza Lizalor.
???
Researching mentalics, the Foundation comes near to closing the gap in the mental sciences between themselves and the purportedly destroyed Second Foundation. Unbeknownst (as yet) to the Second Foundation, their psychohistoric predictions no longer exactly match the actual course of history. The Seldon Plan is seemingly kept on course by an unknown external manipulator of galactic events.
464 F.E. ( = 25 530 A.D.)
Birth of Munn Li Compor.
466 F.E. ( = 25 532 A.D.)
Birth of Golan Trevize.
ca. 467 F.E. ( = 25 533 A.D.)
Tyrant Yth becomes ruler of the Fillian Empire.
468 F.E. ( = 25 534 A.D.)
Birth of Stor Gendibal.
???
Daneel initiates a program of manipulation on a select group of individuals (including Golan Trevize) in order to identify the so-called 'the man who is always right'.
474 F.E. ( = 25 540 A.D.)
Birth of Novi.
475 F.E. ( = 25 541 A.D.)
Birth of Bliss.
478 F.E. ( = 25 544 A.D.)
Stor Gendibal becomes a member of the Second Foundation.
Cantera rebels against the opression by the Fillian Empire, but the rebellion is crushed.
A Nogora named Donotho Thyres escapes Destine Security prison on Bangor IV. Upon returning to Bangor, Thyres begins to organize another revolt against Bangor’s oppressors.
480 F.E. ( = 25 546 A.D.)
Quindor Shandess becomes twenty-fifth First Speaker of the Second Foundation.
483 F.E. ( = 25 549 A.D.)
Liono Kodell becomes Director of Foundation Security.
488 F.E. ( = 25 554 A.D.)
Lead by King Hiero, Cantera begins secretly arming itself to gain independence from the Fillian Empire.
491 F.E. ( = 25 557 A.D.)
Littoral Thoobing becomes the Foundation’s ambassador to Sayshell.
Nogora’s mother escapes her Bangor prison. She searches for methods to fight the Destine Security drug. Her search leads her to certain Spacer Worlds.
493 F.E. ( = 25 559 A.D.)
Harla Branno becomes Mayor of Foundation.
The expanding Yllulian Empire reaches the border of the Fillian Empire.
Daneel designates Filicia Garre as human coordinator of the Stellar Winds staff on Bangor IV.
496 F.E. ( = 25 562 A.D.)
During her search for the antidote of the Bangor drug, Nogora’s mother journeys to Aurora.
498 F.E. ( = 25 564 A.D.)
The 8th Seldon Crisis concludes with the decision to keep Terminus as the capital of the ever growing Foundation. Gaia brings about a meeting between the Foundations. Golan Trevize ('the man who is always right') has to choose between three possible futures: 1) an Empire built by the First Foundation's physical force; 2) one ruled by the psychohistory of the Second Foundation; 3) Galaxia: a galactic-spanning version of the communal mind. No other options are presented and no other humans are consulted. Trevize – reluctantly – chooses Galaxia. After the decision is rendered, both Foundations leave with their original convictions about their role, and the Seldon Plan (which had foreseen this moment of choice. Unlike the Second Foundation, the Seldon Plan was well aware of the existence of robots and Gaia and had factored them into its equations) continues on its course.
Death of Donotho Thyres. His grandson of the same name carries on with his project, setting out to minimize bloodshed during the revolt by targeting only Destine Security but not the Arian government of Bangor.
499 F.E. ( = 25 565 A.D.)
Trevize embarks on a journey seeking to explain his choice of Galaxia. On Solaria he discovers that the planet's vanished folk are living underground and have genetically altered themselves into hermaphtodites. He and his shipmates carry off a child, Fallom from the planet. Reaching Earth’s moon, Trevize meets R. Daneel Olivaw. Daneel initiates a mental fusion with Fallom to halt the decay of his overburdened robotic brain.
502 F.E. ( = 25 568 A.D.)
Birth of Jeila Telloron.
503 F.E. ( = 25 569 A.D.)
The romantic relationship of Pelorat and Bliss ends.
504 F.E. ( = 25 570 A.D.)
Mitza Lizalor openly criticizes puritanic Comporellon values, leading to the Lizaloran Movement.
506 F.E. (= 25 572 A.D.)
Gush Muran of Anacreon, who went to Bangor to prove that part of Anacreon’s original settlers were Bangorans, disappears.
506-508 F.E. ( = 25 572 – 25 574 A.D.)
The Second Foundation trains Moira Tilliar of Cantera to become its agent. Her mission is to make sure that the course of history in the region of the Fillian Empire accords with the Seldon Plan.
507 F.E. (= 25 573 A.D.)
Iphrim Cornelus is sent by the Mayor of Terminus to Bangor to find Gush Muran.
508 F.E. ( = 25 574 A.D.)
Tensions rise to the boiling point in the Fillian Empire, partly due to the activity of factions opposing Tyrant Yth and partly due to Cantera’s goal of independence. At the same time, the Yllulian Empire prepares for war against Fillia. The assassination of Tyrant Yth forces his opposing factions to launch a premature action. This weakens the might of Fillia over its domain, while, at the same time, reveals Cantera’s independence plans. The Yllulian Empire attacks the Fillian Empire. Thanks to the finely tuned manipulations of Moira Tilliar (according to the plans of the Second Foundation), a new, less tyrannic ruler ascends the throne of Fillia. Instead of persuing the original plans of independence, King Hiero of Cantera sides with the new Fillian ruler against the Yllulian threat. At the same time, he also squashes a Canteran coup against his own throne.
A rebel group lead by Verior Duley fires the Aerith weapon at Bangor IV to liberate the captive Nogoras. Nogora Thyres (cousin to Donotho Tyres and descendant of Char Yui) escapes the Bangor IV prison with her companions and begins organizing a rebellion to free and return all Nogoras to Bangor. Daneel sends Lorn Theor and other agents to investigate the Bangor IV disaster. Nogora Thyres uses the Aerith weapon to destroy the Destine Security fleet. Partly due to Lorn’s interference with Bangoran events, and to minimize bloodshed, Nogora Thyres orders her troops to stand down and allows Donotho Thyres’s plan to unfold to minimize bloodshed. Destiny Security forces are defeated on Bangor but the Arian government is not attacked. The government of Bangor and its population welcome all Nogoras back to the planet.
Mottron Isstor’s conspiracy to assassinate Harla Branno and replace her with Isstor as Mayor of the Foundation is foiled by Moira Tilliar.
509 F.E. ( = 25 575 A.D.)
With the military support of Cantera, the Fillian Empire defeats the Yllulian Empire. A Fillian-Canteran-Yllulian triple Coalition is formed which ensures the peace of the region according to the Seldon Plan for the next decades.
???
Trevize and Pelorat expose the existence of Gaia and the Second Foundation. The news generate a Seldon Crisis, almost triggering a war between the First and Second Foundation. Eventually the conflict is settled by peaceful means.
???
Pelorat publishes a treatise which sheds light on the early history of the Galaxy and reveals the existence and role of Spacers and robots.
???
By invitation of the newly revealed Gaia, the citizens of many planets begin to join the Gaian collective, making Gaia’s presence interplanetary and its size ever growing.
518 F.E. ( = 25 584 A.D.)
Caliban deems his ‘human life’ experiment successful and closes it, but – now fully aware of his robotic self – continues to use his Pelorat persona. Trevize moves to Gaia but does not become part of the collective. His thinking, his perspective as an isolate, and his unique ability to make decisions of Galactic magnitude triggers a gradual change in the long-term plans of the Gaian collective. This culminates in Gaia’s announcement at the investiture of the Second Empire (detailed at 999 F.E.).
520 F.E. ( = 25 586 A.D.)
First Galactic Coalescence Investigation Commission convenes on planet Pengia.
523 F.E. ( = 25 589 A.D.)
A fatal retrovirus infection is diagnosed in Trevize.
528 F.E. ( = 25 863 A.D.)
Death of Golan Trevize.
???
Death of Bliss. Caliban sheds the Pelorat persona and adopts the name Malcolm Xavier.
597 F.E. ( = 25 663 A.D.)
Daneel realizes that his mental fusion with Fallom is non-productive, so he returns the hermaphrodite to Solaria. Fallom convinces the Solarians to avange the Settler Galaxy. With Daneel’s permission, the robots of Isenklod and Hesperos reveal their existence to mankind. Humanity, however, is mostly indifferent. This attitude radically undermines the Calvinians’ purpose of life; on the other hand, the Giskardians, thanks to the Zeroth Law, are able to accept that mankind does not need robots. The idea of shedding the Laws and establishing robotic free will is entertained by both factions.
598 F.E. ( = 25 664 A.D.)
Gaia begins to terraform Egenlykke for those who oppose the idea of joining the Gaian collective on planets where the majority supports joining.
???
Robots, Gaia and Solaria are now factored into the psychohistorical calculations of the Second Foundation, which become more complicated but also more accurate.
604 F.E. ( = 25 670 A.D.)
Lizalorans break from conservative Comporellons and move from their homes in the underground cities to the surface of Comporellon.
609 F.E. ( = 25 675 A.D.)
The expanding Foundation reaches the borders of the Fillian-Canteran-Yllulian Coalition. The Coalition becomes part of the Foundation.
648 F.E. ( = 25 714 A.D.)
Immigrants begin settling on Egenlykke.
679 F.E. ( = 25 745 A.D.)
Birth of Sentra Vie.
682 F.E. ( = 25 748 A.D.)
The Fifth Great Destiny Debate.
698 F.E. ( = 25 764 A.D.)
Stanislav 9, a gravitonic robot, is built on Eos.
700 F.E. ( = 25 766 A.D.)
Settling of New Mycogen by descendants of the Mycogenian refugees of Trantor. Long-lived members of the still existing group of Jasonians begin to migrate to the New Mycogenian continent of Faustia.
736 F.E. ( = 25 802 A.D.)
Birth of Scarlet Oak 14.
ca. 800 F.E. ( = 25 866 A.D.)
Women of New Mycogen revolt against the extreme male dominance of their society.
ca. 805 F.E. ( = 25 871 A.D.)
The women’s revolution on New Mycogen creates gender equality.
ca. 820-849 F.E. ( = 25 886 – 25 915 A.D.)
A second wave of the women’s revolution in Schweiz, a continent of New Mycogen, ushers in a society built on extreme female dominance. All rights are stripped from males. Society in Faustia, however, maintains gender equality.
840 F.E. ( = 25 906 A.D.)
Terminus-Egenlykke Bilateral Treaty.
859 F.E. ( = 25 925 A.D.)
Trania Windfair is built on Peasker.
863 F.E. ( = 25 929 A.D.)
Birth of Heimdall Bander.
880 F.E. ( = 25 946 A.D.)
The custom of numerically ranking all Speakers is introduced in the Second Foundation.
ca. 898 F.E. ( = 25 964 A.D.)
Mankind finds out about Daneel’s history-shaping activities.
???
The Second Foundation’s rule over fifty surrounding planets is codified. Telepathy is widely taught among the population of their domain.
907 F.E. ( = 25 973 A.D.)
91st Edition of the Encyclopedia Galactica.
908 F.E. ( = 25 974 A.D.)
Death of Fallom.
923 F.E. ( = 25 989 A.D.)
Birth of Sanne Angte.
927 F.E. ( = 25 993 A.D.)
Birth of Elijah Smit.
929 F.E. ( = 25 995 A.D.)
Trania Windfair moves for Peasker to Isenklod.
938 F.E. ( = 26 004 A.D.)
Birth of Marbeth Asson.
940 F.E. ( = 26 006 A.D.)
Birth of Avery Bantix.
946 F.E. ( = 26 012 A.D.)
Birth of Janeu Illund.
947 F.E. ( = 26 013 A.D.)
Birth of Reogreorg.
953 F.E. ( = 26 019 A.D.)
Birth of Jos Svimbali.
954 F.E. ( = 26 020 A.D.)
Nordis and Rengbue Windfair move from Peasker to New Mycogen.
957 F.E. ( = 26 023 A.D.)
Birth of Kari Sudstram.
970 F.E. ( = 26 036 A.D.)
Birth of Tabitha Meriwether.
972 F.E. ( = 26 038 A.D.)
Birth of Benati Forth and Alith Trai.
981 F.E. ( = 26 047 A.D.)
The Treaty of Glatorio.
986 F.E. ( = 26 052 A.D.)
Kari Sudstram and Jos Svimbali marry.
989 F.E. ( = 26 055 A.D.)
Frances Ugami formulates the variant science of reverse psychohistory. Jos Svimbali abolishes the institution of kingdom in the Ifni Dominion by diplomatic means, and guides the Dominion into the Foundation Federation.
990 F.E. ( = 26 056 A.D.)
Averi Bantix becomes Governor-General of Egenlykke.
992 F.E. ( = 26 058 A.D.)
Death of Jos Svimbali’s mother.
993 F.E. ( = 26 059 A.D.)
On Aurora, Frances Ugami discovers Manfred Jasonian’s book about human lifespans. Kari Sudstram revives the One Foundation Party and begins her political career.
994 F.E. ( = 26 060 A.D.)
Dahlia Delarmi becomes First Speaker.
995 F.E. ( = 26 061 A.D.)
Kari Sudstram is elected Mayor of Terminus.
???
Following the last Seldon Crisis of the Interregnum (and contrary to previous communications and expectations) Seldon’s simulacrum clearly marks the First Foundation as governing body of the Second Empire. Following this revelation, First Speaker Dahlia Delarmi conceives her Foundational Convergence program.
998 F.E. ( = 26 064 A.D.)
The First Foundation, encompassing most of the galaxy, prepares to establish the Second Empire. Kari Sudstram sends Jos Svimbali to learn about the plans of the galaxy’s other political power centers. Daneel calls a pangalactic conference. He admits to have been partly unsuccessful in steering history and that he no longer considers the Gaian Collective (now comprising 50000 planets in its communal collective) the future of mankind. He clearly states that robots need to be liberated from their Laws to enable them to develop free will and to augment robotic evolution. Daneel abdicates his role as servant of humanity and aided by the avatar of Gaia ceases his existence. He regains consciousness in the realm of the Immortals where he is meant to guide robotic transcendence. Fighting Foundational Convergence, Third Speaker Pieter Risskov travels to Solaria in an attempt to gain allies against the First Speaker and the First Foundation. He is infected by Heimdall Bander with a virus which is designed to spread via telepathy and slowly kill off all so-called Settlers. Having embraced the Zeroth Law, the intelligent overseer robots of Solaria imprison and sterilize all Solarians to bring about their gradual extinction. Loyalist robots free the captives to rescue them to Nexon, but their ship is shot down by blockading Foundation Navy, annihilating the race of Solarians. Risskov is stuck on Solaria where he begins to chart his plans for galactic domination. Archeologists lead by R. Erik Blair discover 75000-year-old remnants of an alien colony on Mars. Gaia infects robotic minds with a code of its own design (the Marat virus) which will, over the course of a few years, shut down the robotic Laws in all positronic and gravitonic brains, enabling free will and evolution. A significant number of robots emigrate to Gaia to join the collective mind. Led by Botwin’s Giskardians (who oppose the shutdown of Laws), a revolution erupts on Hesperos. In line with her Foundational Convergence plan, as advisors of equal status, Dahlia Delarmi lends the full support of the Second Foundation to Terminus in guiding the Second Empire.
999 F.E. ( = 26 065 A.D.)
Last appearance of Hari Seldon’s hologram in the Time Vault (Seldon Hall). Seldon reveals that there will be no further Crises, that mankind has reached adulthood; he advises not to rely anymore on psychohistory but to fully support free will in the Second Empire. Malcolm takes Jos Svimbali, Trania Windfair and Dors Venabili on a galaxy-spanning cultural tour. Research by Frances Ugami and Benati Forth reveals the life-extending science of Jasonians. Hefaistion proposes a project to rid Earth of its toxic radioactivity. Gaia perceives a threat rising from beyond the Milky Way. Based in part on the wisdom of Golan Trevize, Gaia reassesses the immediate nature of Galaxia: opting instead for a ‘mosaic civilization’ that acknowledges both the Gaian Collective and isolates with their free will and variety of life. For the time being, Gaia considers this the best strategy for the defense and development of humanity. Gaia joins the Second Empire. Kari Sudstram inaugurates the Second Empire and announces the invention of hyperspatial tube technology. Dors Venabili introduces the voluntary Free Laws of Robotics as a moral compass for robots liberated from their prior Laws.
1000 F.E. = 0 S.E. (Second Empire) ( = 26 066 A.D.) ( = 13 066 G.E.)
Investiture of the Second Empire. Robots enter the Empire with full citizenship rights as partners of humanity. The Gaian Collective comprises 7% of humanity.
1003 F.E. ( = 26 069 A.D.)
Janeu Illund resigns as Speaker.
1010 – 1011 F.E. ( = 26 076 – 26 077 A.D.)
Led by Lodovik Trema, ships of the Exodus Project are launched to the Andromeda Galaxy. The first hyperspatial tube gateway is established between Terminus and Trantor. A galaxy-wide program of lifespan extension is gradually rolled out.
1019 F.E. ( = 26 085 A.D.)
Kari Sudstram resigns as Mayor of Terminus.
1020 F.E. ( = 26 086 A.D.)
116th Edition of the Encyclopedia Galactica.
1021 F.E. ( = 26 087 A.D.)
Dahlia Delarmi resigns as First Speaker of the Second Foundation.
1022 F.E. ( = 26 088 A.D.)
The Second and First Foundation Institute (SaFFI) is founded on Trantor, co-chaired by Dahlia Delarmi and Kari Sudstram.
1034 F.E. ( = 26 100 A.D.)
Death of Kari Sudstram.
1040 F.E. ( = 26 106 A.D.)
Death of Jos Svimbali.
1045 F.E. ( = 26 111 A.D.)
The Treaty of Paris.
1054 F.E. ( = 26 120 A.D.)
117th Edition of the Encyclopedia Galactica.
1060 F.E. ( = 26 126 A.D.)
120th Edition of the Encyclopedia Galactica.
1107 F.E. ( = 26 173 A.D.)
R. Sexton Hvede is built on Eos.
1117 F.E. ( = 26 183 A.D.)
Streeling University reopens on Trantor.
1152 F.E. ( = 26 218 A.D.)
Early History of Colonization by Sarhir Vadid is published by Baleyworld University
Press.
1215 F.E. ( = 26 281 A.D.)
The Andromeda Expedition arrives at Novo Aurora in the Andromeda Galaxy and colonizes the planet.
1320 F.E. ( = 26 386 A.D.)
The Galactic Robot Caucus permits the production of Gaian robots.
1336 F.E. ( = 26 402 A.D.)
The Shamu arrive to Novo Aurora professing peace and friendship, but covertly begin to seed dissent in the planet’s society.
1346 F.E. ( = 26 412 A.D.)
Social dissatisfaction, unrest, disease (both physical and mental) accelerates on Novo Aurora due to Shamu rhetorics. Population numbers begin to decline.
1366 F.E. ( = 26 432 A.D.)
A plague of physical violence flares up on Novo Aurora.
1536 F.E. ( = 26 602 A.D.)
Arms race begins on Novo Aurora.
1598 F.E. ( = 26 664 A.D.)
Civil war erupts on Novo Aurora, leading to the annihilation of the planet’s humans. The Shamu begin a war against the planet’s robots. Led by Lodovik Trema, the surviving robots flee back to the Milky Way.
1645 F.E. ( = 26 711 A.D.)
Birth of Berkin, a Gaian of Lexion.
1728 F.E. ( = 26 794 A.D.)
Birth of Severance Sevillia.
1734 F.E. ( = 26 800 A.D.)
Birth of Win Yahl.
1746 F.E. ( = 26 812 A.D.)
Birth of Marel; later, wife to Severance Sevillia.
1773 F.E. ( = 26 839 A.D.)
Birth of Farir Sevillia. Birth of Janis Stensen.
1777 F.E. ( = 26 843 A.D.)
Death of Marel Sevillia.
1779 F.E. ( = 26 845 A.D.)
The average human lifespan reaches 203 years.
1781 F.E. ( = 26 847 A.D.)
Severance Sevillia becomes mayor of the Second Empire.
1794 F.E. ( = 26 860 A.D.)
The ship Victoria is built. ’Birth’ of Victoria, the ship’s guiding intelligence. The Strutting Steed restaurant is opened on Earth.
1799 F.E. ( = 799 S.E.) ( = 26 865 A.D.) ( = 13 865 G.E.)
The Gaian Collective comprises 23% of humanity. The host of robot refugees return to the Milky Way from Andromeda. Social unrest present on an increasing number of planets, invariably leading to violence. This is due to the covert activities conducted by Shamu agents infiltrating the Milky Way. The robot/Gaian/Foundation (supervised by Hefaistion) project of purging Earth’s radiation is successfully completed. The Shamu launch an all-out attack against human civilization (the Returnee Confrontation).
1800 – 1801 F.E. ( = 26 866 – 26 867 A.D.)
Humanity deploys a variety of weapons against the Shamu including a modified version of the Solarian Heimdall virus, mental manipulation by the mutants of Sartonal, the joint human-robot fleet, and the Solarian transduction-robot army of a newly enlightened Pieter Risskov. The Shamu military advance is held briefly in check.
1802 F.E. ( = 26 868 A.D.)
As a response to the humanity’s counteroffensive, the Shamu abandon every galactic battleground and focus all their forces against Terminus, laying waste to the capital of the Second Empire. Using the combined telekinetic power of Gaia focused through the Outer Zones of Earth, Dors Venabili expurgates the Shamu species from the Milky Way. End of the Returnee Confrontation with the loss of 25% of humankind. Dors Venabili and Gladia (avatar of Gaia) move to another plane of existence. The capital of the Second Empire is relocated to the newly established city of Byerley on Earth. 42 Multivac deep thinking computers are commissioned to help guide the future workings of the Second Empire.
1914 F.E. ( = 26 980 A.D.)
The Clausul Institute is founded on Solaria.
2016 F.E. ( = 27 082 A.D.)
The 231st edition of the Encyclopedia Galactica.
2435 F.E. ( = 27 501 A.D.)
Zones and Guardians by Susanna Alexander is published.
2710 F.E. ( = 27 776 A.D.)
The average human lifespan reaches 370 years. The Gaian Collective comprises 42% of humanity.
2716 F.E. ( = 27 782 A.D.)
301st edition of the Encyclopedia Galactica.
2865 F.E. ( = 27 931 A.D.)
The Ongoing Memoirs of Trania Windfair, Vol. 2. is published.
2867 F.E. ( = 27 933 A.D.)
The Ongoing Memoirs of Trania Windfair, Vol. 3. is published.
ca. 752 000 F.E.
Humankind moves to another plane of existence, vacating the Milky Way and leaving the galaxy open to new forms of sentient evolution.
Copyright by Attila Torkos, 1997-2024